 Collective behavior and social movements have been instrumental in engineering social change, including regime change and impacting the policy space in many societies. So in fact in the past 200 years, they have become a part of the popular and global expression of dissent. The political class, supported by elite groups and state institutions, most times does not concede to popular demands until some form of public agitation and witnessed by the society. So the collective behavior means when the majority of the people or if not the majority, some countable number of the people, they think alike and they try to change the existing social pattern. Then they try to initiate some kind of movement. It can be agitational, it can be in the shape of the protest. So therefore the social researchers have contemplated the rationale behind social change to social statics. The political process theory emphasizes the existence of political opportunities as essential to the formation of social movements. Those philosophers who believe in political process theory have the perspective that when there are political opportunities, if political opportunities are available, i.e. such a gunjai or a margin system exists, then definitely they can formulate a social movement. If there is such a chance, then definitely people can run the movement together. Now what does opportunity mean? Opportunity means that if people are against a policy, they are not satisfied with a policy or they want some reforms in the existing setup, then definitely people want to introduce some kind of change. Then they come together and they try to launch a movement. According to this theory, the three vital elements of movement formation are insurgent, consciousness, collective sense of injustice. If people think that they are not getting justice, that justice is not happening with them, now this clearly means that they can be on the educational basis, political representation, or they think that overall they are not getting the right position in the society. Then definitely another important thing is the organizational strength. In leadership and resources, or if a group thinks that their leader is so strong, their organization is so strong that whenever someone can run a movement against an existing setup, then these movements are run. Then another important thing is that political opportunities. If there are some gaps in the existing political system, then even after taking advantage of those gaps, while availing political opportunities, collectively some movements can be run. So we can say that fundamentally, this theory contains two things. One is that the focus of this movement is not to focus on the movement, but rather to highlight the factors of the movement. What can be the reasons that people can go towards the protest, or can run the movement. So especially to say that the timing, they ignored the timing of the movement. Because any movement cannot be successful at that time. If it is not launched at the appropriate time, that is, for social change, if you have to do the march, then the most important thing is that the most important time factor is that the time is so important that people can be brought together. Then definitely political opportunities. This can be said about political opportunity. If today the government has taken a step, then that political opportunity can also end. Then because we had seen three basic factors, that insurgents can also be there, organizational strength can also be there, leadership can also be there. So this can be said that this, then we will have to see that the most important role of the movement is its participation. Another model is the political mediation model. The important thing is to see that what strategies are there to run the movement and what choices are available for it. That is, if you do not run the march, if you have to run the march, then what will happen to it? If you have to run the march, then there are the links to the march which are to be run to achieve it. That is, in the concept of collective behavior and social movements, we have to see what the march is running, what are the marches of the march, what are the marches of the march. If all these are on one line, then definitely chances of social change become more.