 Dear students, in this topic, we shall discuss the neuroendocrine role of hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is the part of brain which has dual role as neuronal as well as endocrine tissue. It has specialized neuro-secretary cells which produce hormones. There are two categories of hypothalamic hormones. First are the hypo-physiotropic hormones and the other are the neuro-hypo-physial hormones. First we shall discuss the hypo-physiotropic hormones. Seven hypothalamic hormones act on anterior pituitary gland that is adeno-hypophysis. They regulate the secretion of adeno-hypo-physial hormones. These hormones of hypothalamus are of two types. First the hypothalamic releasing hormones and number two the hypothalamic inhibiting hormones. The releasing hormones of hypothalamus stimulate the secretory activity of anterior pituitary. These hormones include number one the corticotropin releasing hormone or CRH. That stimulates the ACTH release from anterior pituitary. The second hormone is the growth hormone releasing hormone GHRH. It stimulates the release of growth hormone. The third hormone is the gonadotropin releasing hormone which stimulates the release of FSH and leutinizing hormone from adeno-hypo-physes. The fourth hormone is the thyrotropin releasing hormone RTRH that stimulates the production of TSH from anterior pituitary. In addition to this, TRH also stimulates the secretion of prolectin. There are three hypothalamic inhibiting hormones which inhibit the secretory activity of anterior pituitary. These include number one the MSH inhibiting hormone or MIH. That inhibits the secretion of melanocyte stimulating hormone. The second inhibiting hormone is the prolectin inhibiting hormone RPIH. And the third hormone is the somatostatin that inhibits the release of growth hormone. Dear students, hypothalamic hormones, They are effective in very low concentration. It is because of close proximity and direct portal connection between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary. Now we shall discuss the neuro-hypo-physial hormones of hypothalamus. These hormones include oxytocin and anti-diuretic hormone that is also known as vasopressin. These hormones are synthesized by the hypothalamus and they are released directly in the posterior pituitary. Because the axon terminals of neuro-secretary cells of hypothalamus lie in the posterior lobe of the pituitary that is called neuro-hypo-physis. The posterior lobe of pituitary stores these hormones and releases them as per requirement to act directly on their target tissues.