 Hey guys, welcome back to my YouTube channel. This is Daniel Rosso here. I'm outside the walls of the old city Jerusalem today during one of the intermediate days of Passover Pesach known as Colomboid and I'm going on it walking towards it. I'm super excited about this because I've been living in Jerusalem for seven years when you live in the city for about long You kind of don't do all the touristy stuff and our tour guide today is a guy called Rob or Robbie Berman From what little I researched about him in the five minutes before joining this. He's an author He's a freelance journalist photojournalist and he's going to take us on recently became a tour guide And he's going to show us exactly all these interesting sites in the different parts of the old city Of course, not only is it a Pesach or Passover at the moment. It's also Easter So we're going to visit at the end the church of the Holy Sepulchre complex in the interesting time to see the old city with both You know a lot of Jewish tourists in the city and also Christian tourists and hope to discover some new places I didn't know before So now they gave him on valley This valley wraps around the southern part of the old city And meets up with the Kidron Valley, which goes between the old city and Mount of Olives You can remember that on the Mount of Olives is a huge Jewish cemetery And I was there yesterday and I saw a kid Running through the two stones and that's how you can remember it's called the Kidron Valley because of the kid running through the That's Kidron. This is Hinnom. They meet together and they filter out to the Dead Sea There's one other valley that you go to every time It's called it's called the cheese makers Valley and it runs from the mass escape Down by the Kotel. You ever notice you go down steps to go to Kotel? How come? Because you're in the valley. In fact, the valley is 30 meters deeper. It's 100 feet deeper than that And that's called the central valley. That's called the cheese makers Valley. That's called the Tyropian Valley Hey, that's called the Tyropian Valley. Not a word, not a word That's called the Tyropian Valley. Why is it called the cheese makers Valley? Because they They cheese in the valley. Do you guys ever see Monty Python? We're like Jesus is on a hill and he says blessed be the peacemakers and someone on another hill says You didn't have a microphone. He didn't have a Madonna. So someone says, what do you say? You said, I think he said blessed be that the cheese makers He said, why would you bless the cheese makers? He goes, you idiot? It's just a metaphor for all people who work in the dairy industry Oh, yes. Yes. God bless the people who work in the dairy industry. So we have three Valleys that all meet down by the Solana filter out to the Dead Sea. So we have This valley, which is called Valley, we had the valley between Mount the Balves and the Old City, which is called Kidron Valley and the valley in the middle has three names Central Valley, cheese makers Valley, the Tyropian Valley, and the old filter out to where? To my bathtub? To you, to the Dead Sea. Right, you can carve them in, mount it, mount it in the middle. Okay There's one more valley that's here that you kind of know about but you don't. It's called the Transversal Valley It starts from Jaffa Gate and goes down Davis Street into the Shook. It's called the Transversal Valley because it Verses the other valleys, the Transversal Valley. So now we have the geography down. Everyone know about the watershed line? Yeah Is this the what? Okay, so that's north, that's south. Jaffa is the gate on the west. We'll talk more about it later We're gonna circle around and talk more about Jaffa Gate. There's a lot more cool things to see there Um We all know that the watershed meaning if I take water right now and drop in this valley, where does it end up? Dead Sea. If I go to the King David Hotel and I drop water over there, where does it go to? It goes to the Mediterranean Sea because of what's called a watershed. The way the earth was created The way the earth moves is it's set down in place. It rises up here We have now a slant this way to slant that way. Okay. Let's now go subterranean. Follow me All right, so we're going down An underpass. This is fascinating. This is the road that runs beneath Shariafo, Jaffa Gate. I want everyone everyone should notice the wall on the left And maybe someone wants to guess what that wall is I'll put a link in the description to Robbie's Facebook page He's a recently qualified chore guy, but this is really really interesting Standing underneath Jaffa Gate Typically when you find a site like this you're gonna find multiple layers of things. It's not always one thing But I want to point out the wall The wall that we passed by the left-hand side is not a modern wall The wall is about a few hundred years old that wall and that wall was built by a Muslim caliphate named Wazem He built the wall and then eight years later destroyed the wall Why would he do that? Any ideas? Not hoping to do better no he's hoping to destroy the wall that he built because somebody else took it Crusaders are known for you have a lot of crusader castles They're known for defending buildings and areas and territories and walls That's why a lot of crusader castles Muslims are known for being great warriors when they're a mobile horseback, etc So when the rumors came out that it was going to be another crusade The Wazem thought I don't want to have him come Enter the city take over the city and they're experts in defending a city So what I'm going to do is going to destroy the city walls So he destroyed his own city's walls while he was in his own city And then the crusaders never made it here that crusader went to Egypt first and never made it to Palestine So it was for naught Why do I bring you down here? What's so significant down there? Well first of all they found Aqueducts that come all the way from Bethlehem that feed up to the pools here using nothing more but then gravity And that would feed then the Temple Mount Through different pools that open we'll get a chance to see at least one of them But what's really cool here is that two thousand years ago Herod was ruling We all know that King Herod King Herod was a an evil king. He was known as a master builder His father was a convert. He was an I do me and convert He didn't want to convert but the Hasmoneans Hasmonean kingdom went out and forcibly conquered the I do means that we're living east of the Jordan River And so his father was an I do me and convert so he then was born as a Jew But we want and it keep we know he kept kosher because we have the stuff We know what he ate things like that and actually The record said that it was better to be Herod's Son, it was better to be Herod's pig his pet pig that it was to be his son because he's ready to kill a son But he would just water a pig to eat So we know he kept kosher But who kept Herod on power? The fact that he was friendly with the mock Anthony and Rome and he was friendly with the Romans and we had the Romans here Okay, which legion was in Jerusalem? It was called the 10th Roman legion Now the 10th Roman legion had a name in addition to being the 10th legion That is whenever you have a battle and you really do well in that battle you wear it as a pride of honor So you are called the 10th legion of Bear Chevrolet because you had a right so they weren't in Rome They were in Italy and there was a straits of water between two land masses and the 10th legion did very well So they were called the 10th legion for a tences And everyone say the word for a tences for a tences and that means the straights So we're going to find that I'm going to show you through different parts of this tour. I'm going to show you Areas where we see the 10th legion and it says for a tences is that's what's the rule here now? When you have all these Roman soldiers What do you need Roman soldiers food water about 5,000 of them most of them are living in the Armenian quarter What else do you need wine wine? What else? Okay, so how did the Romans take a bath? Well, you know how they took off the dirt Romans would take off dirt because they didn't have running water, especially not in Palestine Romans would take off dirt. They would have literally dirt stuck in sweat stuck to their body They would rub oil olive oil all over their body mix up the dirt With the olive oil so you got a nice glob of disgusting dirt and then they would take a striddle a striddle was a piece of metal it was a piece of Shell and they would have their bodies scraped usually by a slave and That would allow them to get all the dirt off then they would enter the Roman bath What did the Roman bath look like? Well, they have all these fancy names for all the dancing things the first one you had was called an apoditerium An apoditerium is a place for you to vote your clothing about naked then you walk into the Roman bath which I'm about to show you and you would have what's called a hypo cost, which is like a furnace blowing hot air from the furnace into the floor Now the floor in the sauna the Roman sauna was hollow on the bottom and have little pedestal sticking up And then a floor on top of it. So it would heat you underneath After that room is called the calderium. It means hot then after that they'll go to the frigidarium Which means cold and the tempidarium which is lukewarm and depending on how cool Get hot or cool off, etc. You'll use these different rooms I want you to peek over this wall and you'll be taking a look at the calderium the room Which is the sauna And if you're sure you can stand on this rock here And you can see little pedestals of bricks that Would be used to for the spirits Step up on the rock This is a common placard you see about here in Jerusalem. There's sign behind me says only without Internet and films can you live a happy life? So this is the interesting dynamic in Jerusalem a city with a very very strong 33% according to the latest last status census data of the Jew of the Jewish population is considered to Harry D or ultra orthodox and in that community things like internet is restricted by kosher smartphone Currently but you can't see them or things that you're leaning on and you have no idea what you're leaning on Anyone have any idea what they're leaning on? I Thank you very much. I am leaning on the gate. I'm an ice. Don't scream What are you leaning on? That's the question something historic in the age of something historic Is it part of the old city walls for the 6th century? No. Well, how do you know that? I wouldn't ask another reason The type of stone what else It's out of jutting out it doesn't really seem to fit in with the rest of the wall So what you're looking at is a wall that's connected to the story of the crusaders the crusaders in france in 1094 One of the probes gave arousing speeches saying that we need to free the holy land from the infidels It took a few years to get their acts together and in 1096 They had the first crusades. It was called the people's crusade also known as Peter the hermit's crusade They were very successful They were really a bunch of scoundrels They just wanted to drink beer steal money steal property Have their way with women and kill people So they never made it out of Europe They just basically went to worms spire kill the Jews burn the Jews rape the Jews stole from the Jews And that was the first crusades They didn't make it to Palestine. They didn't make it the land of israel until the year of 1099 And they come basically down this road like from japa road because they're coming from the port And they make it to we call this now tankerits tower tankerit was the king of at that time who was trying to Conquer the old city from the infidels from the muslims And the problem was that they are used to conquering cities by building siege ramps And by building these siege towers and by building these siege battering rams And what exactly are these things built out of what are they made out of? They had a wood is israel known for its wood? No, so they didn't really have much success The only thing they could do with this Wood that they could find was to make ladders They would tie ladder to ladder to ladder and they place it against the wall Why do you think they place the ladder against the wall here? Look at the topography We're basically at the highest point of the old city Why would they want to attack the highest point of the old city? You first of all you're higher on the outside, so it's easier to get in but what's another reason once you get in It's all downhill from there literally and figuratively it's all downhill from there You can charge downhill and you have the upper hand So they took their ladders they placed it against the wall And the first crusader to climb the ladder made it to the top and He had his arm Cut off that was holding a sword and his arm and the sword fell to the bottom And every single crusader that climbed to the top got hacked in half wasn't working. They were treated They went further east By flower gate, which is actually a corruption of the arabic name. They call it today Baba Zahor which means flowers, but not the original name It's called Baba Sahor I'll tell you about that in a second and from there two weeks later. They managed to conquer Jerusalem What does Sahor mean in arabic? Sahor means partying to go out and party Pizza whore That's for no, it's not the same word. That's for this is a whore different letters Um So why would they call back a this is quite interesting that gate is called the gate of partying because Even though they would lock all the gates at night They knew that some kids would be going out to the bars in Ben Yudah, right? So the sultan knew 500 years ago. They're going to be going to Mike's place and all these places to drink beer and have hot dogs So they wanted to stop it. They wanted to make sure they only had one gate to come back into for safety reasons And that was called about the gate of partying. There's only one problem In muslim culture if you leave a window open Or you leave a gate open at night what comes in? Evil spirits exactly the devil the demons evil spirits So they had to put a magic symbol. It's called an apotropeic symbol Symbol which has magical powers and they engraved it on the gate. This way no demons could come in What apotropeic symbol do you think being graved on Baba Sa'ur to protect them from the demons? Hold out your hand There we go the first guy to ever guess you got some mug in David very very good Why would they put a mug in David on the gate a jew star they starved David over a muslim gate 500 years ago Does that make any sense? And the answer is just because The six-pointed star was known as an apotropeic symbol for all religions It was adopted by the jews primarily in the 14th century in Prague But before that you can find six-pointed stars in many different faiths many different cultures In fact, I went to visit my friend in Germany Regensburg and I saw these oral buildings with six-pointed stars I said oh, was there a synagogue there? He said no, that's the sign for beer makers For the middle ages beer makers. So the six-pointed star had many yes Just you know you started off at 1099 and now we're 1700 you said 500 years ago We're still we're at the crusader period, but I want to explain why the crusader period They went to Baba Zahor gate and that's where they stormed that area and they stormed the old city and they got the They beat the muslims I was explaining why that gate is called flower gate because it's a bastardization of the word Baba Zahor is really Baba Zahor and Baba Zahor means Parting gate and the problem with the gate of parting where you leave it open all night for the kids to come back From mike's place is because of the demons and therefore they put the six-pointed stars So this wall was built in 1536 When I when I mentioned flower gate when I mentioned Baba Zahor gate I'm just giving the general location of from this wall, but you're right. This wall is from The 16th century and this wall is from the 11th 12th century Good point. Thank you. Okay. We're now going to make our way to the new gate Which is about 150 years old So Hey, what was your name again? Gary. I want to thank Gary for his question a very important question If anyone we punch a hole in the gate any ideas, why do they make a new answer to my question? But it's not a bad guess. Okay You're very close and the answer is this because in the 19th century the british game the french game They opened the first british console that we're going to see and they started building all these hospitals and educational centers North of the old city and the only way you can get here to the north of the old city Is by going out jaffa gate, which is that very very long walk So if you lived on the inside right here in the christian quarter and you wanted to come to a christian hospital I'm just giving it as one example. They they wasn't just for that one hospital It was the whole area the british etc schools hospitals hospices French hospital See so they decided to punch a new hole in the wall It's called the new gate you need a jaffa gate and they do succeed in the new gate Of course was no one else succeeded and they felt that they went in they would get slaughter I find this to be a little bit bizarre because I also did some research and found out That the same thing happened at zion gate at a certain point they did succeed in breaking through zion gate and they also were treated It's not clear to me why I need to do further research not clear to me why it doesn't really make sense In this 1948 to 1967 this was which country? jordan So you have look up you see jordanian soldiers you see them Kind of And you see the israeli soldiers up there kind of And what was in between you had bob wire a lot of obstacles A wall Now you know the story it is that a woman leaned over her fake teeth fell out They are very expensive Thank you very much The teeth fell out very expensive the wound was very embarrassed And so what do they do the woman told the nurse And the nurse told the nun And the nun told the doctor And the doctor told the head of the hospital and the head of the hospital called the un And the un called the head of uh Forces in iman any radio the forces in the old city who radio the forces of the commander here And said there's a woman who lost her teeth Can we do something so they came out with white flags? And they got her teeth and there's a picture this is a story in life magazine and there's a picture of Jordanian soldier and israeli soldier and a nun holding the teeth and the story goes around that It was the nun who lost her teeth but it wasn't the nun it was a woman How do we know this because there's another picture in life magazine with the woman's name holding up her teeth and she's smiling like this So that is that what are these uh, what are these palm fronds doing? Is this is this cup suckers coming up? Sunday They weren't during hearts. What's that? Ramadan try another religion So Sunday otherwise known as passion sundae when Jesus Who is some say he was a rabbi some say he was a regular jew came into jewsloom With palm fronds saying hosanna hosanna hosanna save us save us etc And this is because of the palm sundae We're going yeah No, it's always it's always the the No, there's sundae before pezach Uh, it's a it's a symbol of peace symbol of peace Okay, we're now we're going to walk into uh the christian quarter. Yes You have what like hosanna hosanna right talking about I imagine there's a connection there's a lot of connections not just We also have connections with Islam like you know muslims go they make a journey once once in their lifetime to go on the hajj The hajj The hajj, so how do you say holiday in hebrouh? Haak, but if you know how to if you know how to speak human properly, what would you say? Haak Haak is a haa haa We've lost modern-day jews ashkenazi jews have lost the way. Hey, how are you doing? Happy holiday. Are you open? I will bring them by See you later Right, so the proper way to pronounce it, right? What's the difference in letter head and ha and ha and ha Head is not supposed to be a head. It's supposed to be a head. So it should be not haak, but it should be hajj Haag haj So they have the same thing the same holiday the same journey the haag three times a year You go up to the temple they have once in lifetime. They go to mecca to pray at the kaba So we have a lot of things in our religion getting back to your question We have a lot of things that are barred and shared since Judaism came first So these things are barred typically from yeah, right they're barred from Judaism Okay, let's enter into uh, can I have a volunteer one person preferably a big man? If there is one to be enough the last person to be the sweep As Robby was saying what we these days called Hebrew modern Hebrew is a very very corrupted language We've lost many great letters. The iron has been lost the head has been lost And uh, it's unbelievable that this guy knows it really really fantastic I personally have difficulty with modern Hebrew because of the fact that so many Of our fantastic phonetics that we share with some of the languages with arabic and morayic Have been lost and this guy is clued in so I'm always always appreciate it. I like mine itself What's interesting about this bakery Abu Abu sir Ibrahim cast me by a review So I said hello to him on the way out. Ibrahim's daughter Sarah was in my tour guide course um But uh, what's interesting is that that he's a muslim arab Who has a shop in the christian quarter? Who knows more about the laws of kashruss of kosher than any of the jews here in this thing? Why he was the chief baker for the citadel hotel for 20 years If you see anything any halakhic terminology about kosher, he knows it So all of his bakery goods are coat not now it's pays off But all of his bakery goods are kosher, but it's without a heck sure he has no meat in there He buys all kosher goods and this is one place in the christian quarter that you can actually get kosher food No, it's not basic there. Yeah Okay Enjoy We are now in the christian quarter And the christian quarter is known for being I think in my opinion the most beautiful quarter More beautiful than the jewish quarter. It is Has the widest streets of all the quarters. It has the most natural light of all the quarters It was developed later in time later in history. Uh, that's why To point out some interesting facts here. So here we have a symbol uh an emblem of the Jerusalem the kingdom of Jerusalem when the crusaders came They had 200 years of rulership dominion over the land of israel and of palestine And that that's their symbol of one big cross with four crosslets inside and that's a symbol of the kingdom of Jerusalem that's fire over there with a cross on the top Um is a um A church named known as sabidore church the church of the seger. That's an interesting place because all uh Christians pilgrims who came to the holy land to see the church of the holy sufferer the magical church the church where jesus was crucified And he was buried any arose They came they would come to that church there and give them a little bit of money And they would give them a little coin that says you have officially done the pilgrimage I don't know if they still do it anymore. Let me ask you guys a question. I love to meet the locals And allow you to ask questions. Would that be okay with you if I engage the local? Okay, so let's see Well, you know I'm tourist Okay, so he's not going to be one of the locals will be let's continue on down so we can find a real local I think He's from his name is Abel Kalkash. He lives in the Rakhobah Shashir at the chain street into moslem. Okay, so you know He's in here in the Christian quarter. He's actually Muslim Ramadan Karim There's tourism everything is mainly okay. Sometimes there are extremists I guess on both sides So this extremist on both sides that cause problems? Yes He works for the municipality and sanitation Uh As we're walking through the Christian quarter on surface lava It doesn't look so different from the Armenian quarter or the Jewish quarter the Muslim quarter but then you see these Santa decorations which presumably for most of the year is sitting there, uh, you know without doing much But uh, this place is really beautiful to come here During christmas and the various christian festivities. Of course now we have um easter going on so we're now proceeding in sight and um Seeing all these signs for various christian institutions In the Oseid Jerusalem the Vatican has a substantial presence here So you'll see a lot of Vatican signs and you'll see signs for the various other christian denominations So this is actually a really really interesting time new gate is very much associated with christianity um, so we're walking through here and um right now it's actually ironic that despite If you read what's happening in about Jerusalem the news right now you get the impression the sky is falling It's absolutely horrible. There is a lot of tensions on al-Aqsa But the point i've tried to make before is that tensions in Jerusalem are very localized both in time and place So although right now there's a lot of disturbances happening in the al-Aqsa mosque compound Walking through the christian quarter everything is pretty nice as our tour guide robbie rehmann said The alleyways here are substantially wider than another part of the old city And as we just met abbot the local worker for the Jerusalem municipality here And he said that everything mostly is fine. So it's interesting this kind of disconnect You don't count in Jerusalem between what you read in the news and what you see on the grains It is the home of the latin patriarchy. Do you have the greek orthodox? You have different patriarchy since the home of the latin one. It's really if you go inside It's an amazing building Part of it is a church partisan Yeah, you can walk inside. I mean until I tell you you can't put a certain point of parts again Here if you notice here the symbol tau It is the symbol of greek orthodox of the guardians of the tomb. What tomb would they be guarding? Holy sepulchre holy sepulchre right garden the holy sepulchre As we walk by notice that the houses have numbers on them But they also have other numbers next to them and they don't always match because some numbers will put up In the time of israel and some will put up at the time of the british I'll point out to you one where this one doesn't match like this is 12 And what is this one here? This is a six. What's that number there? No, it's a six in arabic The pace of the course is also known as a time when visiting jewish clerics will come to the land of israel to spread Torah And we're joined actually in the short today by rabbi Mike Lashelsky who's one such cleric who comes from windsor canada traditionally the stronghold of the canadian jewish community and is really saying he's drawing a lot of strength from his interactions here today, so Really impressive stuff I want to say a few words because it's kind of noisy down by job by jaffa gate This is what we're going to look at we're going to look At jaffa gate And i'm going to ask you guys a question Where to where to how the cars come in through jaffa gate? They go around the gated cell, but where's the wall? I mean The wall is supposed to protect you It seems to me That the old city walls is missing a wall Have you noticed that before so my question to you is where do you think the wall is? What happened to the wall? When you when we get the jaffa gate right you can walk through the gate at night's a return Or cars were driving in right next to the gate, so it's missing a wall So what happened to the wall? They took it down. They took it down. Why would they take it down? Get through let me ask you a question if they took down a wall What would you expect to find on the sides of the existing walls? If they ripped down part of a wall What would you expect to find on the walls that's the remaining scarring some kind of scarring some kind of indication different color stone Not smooth some kind of starting But we don't really find that on the walls there, so it looks like the wall was never there this mystery Really perplexed me for many many years And I heard many stories about it. There's a car. Okay. There's a car coming. We'll have to move out of the way And um, we're going to take a look at the wall and see if we see any scarring and then try to understand What happened to the wall and where is the wall? Let's wait for the car to come and then we'll go down there We're looking at two hotels We're looking at the imperial hotel And we're looking at the petro hotel These are two very famous hotels and they're in the news a lot this week Last week why and then there's what are they these hotels were built about 150 years ago You can see from the bullet bullet bullet holes On the corner on the side of the columns We see the towel five marketing of the greek orthodox. They were owned by the greek orthodox church Now there is a group of jews that are trying To move into neighborhoods that jews don't normally live in And these two hotels the petro hotel and the imperial hotel were Owned by the greek orthodox church and then lo and behold a few years ago. It turned out that these group of This organization of jews, which is known to be a religious nationalistic organization all of a sudden showed up with the deeds so The orthodox church found out about this they were very upset and they went to the patriarch And they said did you is this your signature? Did you sell this and it turns out he did There were accusations that he took a bribe He was fired from the church And the church or in the courts trying to get the property back saying that it was illegally It was sold without permission from the upper uh from the upper echelon Uh, and we're going to go take a look and see what's inside this this uh hotel here We are now in the famous Imperial hotel everyone look at the floor. What do you notice about the floor? uneven how is it slanted The middle one the middle row is Oh, and it's down to the sides and what is that for when it rains the water rolls down and what's at the very end? There's a sewer system This was created 150 years ago look over the ceiling and see how beautiful the ceiling is or was It's like this is scene chat and if you look inside here you can see if you can use your imagination To do away with all the air conditioners The electrical wiring of water pipes. You can see it was a beautiful museum. It was a beautiful hotel Let's walk inside a little further Which legion did I say when jesus was here and tried by hantius pilot he was supported by One legion 10 10th legion. What was their nickname for necessary for a for tensus Which means the straights for tensus here. We found a roman pillar a roman column It's not found in situ. It was found in the neighborhood in the late 1800s They brought it here and take a look at what's written here Can anyone read what's on the floor of the bottom of this line here? 10th legion legion 10 10 10 Fr So this is showing that this is the name of the person who is in charge of the 10th legion for tensus We find graffiti by them by the temple mount by the under the uh the tunnels by the by the hotel We find a lot of pottery with their stamp 10th legion for tensus And what I find interesting about this column is that the roman column the base of this of this, uh Street lamp is 2000 years old from the roman period The street lamp itself the metal is from the british period the british mandate and the light bulb is israeli So let's now head our way down. Chinese Probably chinese yes Yako who is the why the husband of the woman that i said i wrote to at the new gate And he is the grandson of the man who was brought here 100 years ago to work on the temple mount on the Dome of the Rock So he's a traditional artisan you can buy ceramics in many stores in the old city And even in chevron They're not the original artisans like hago biz and b allowed us to support us from china and they pretend they make it here So let's go and take a look at some of this stuff So in justice, uh, i go up in front of mine and my wife and uh just to say a few words about your history, okay Uh the history of armenian pottery and my family caracashan family in in jewish So we go back to 1919 during the british mandate The governor sarong of stores wants to repair all the ceramic tiles of the dome of the rock He brings over from turkey three armenian ceramic artists My grandfather Mother did caracashan was one of the painters mr. David on is yan was the head of the group And the shambalyan was the father They leave turkey during the armenian genocide come to jewishland and start making sample tiles There was an old kiln on the temple mount. They repair it and bake the tiles in that kiln The samples come out very nice, but The local muslims say we don't want armenian questions to work on one of the earliest sites of islam They cancel the project Now the three artists cannot go back to turkey because of the genocide They decide to stay here and open the first armenian workshop pottery workshop in jewishland That's the important point. It didn't it this didn't exist before they came So they founded this art in 1919 This is one of the vases my grandfather painted It is the tree of life It's a very You see it everywhere and this was painted before 1948 During the palace nine periods That's his signature But then they used great clay local clay either from the negae or have gone But they before decorating they dipped it in a white slip slip is his red clay So here you'll see finger marks They just dip it wait for it to cry and then start So now i'm the third generation in this art You're welcome to see at the studio where we paint. Yeah, we'll take a look at the studio to a couple of years How about does ship of rods if you live abroad they can ship tables or whatever I was very lucky and that I invited how to open this life to my house for a shabbat meal And I got this as a gift which is a beautiful gift. I really treasure it It's a gift of a shul it's a gift of a shul a church and a mosque all on I really think it's beautiful. I really do appreciate it It was the perfect gift to send me it really was And I want to also just point out because we have we're not going to pass by the madaba map in the kardo The madaba map was found in the 6th century in a church in jordan in madaba jordan Mere near on hard to go in the mountain of old evo where moses dies And on that church, which was actually built on top of a business church We see the kardo and we see the columns and we see the church of holy sepulchre And you see the steps leading up to the church coming from the east When we go to the church, you're not going to see it coming from the south Now let's go and take a quick look and see how they do the artwork And then if you want to buy anything or discuss with me or take this card You can look at the website and you can do that Then we'll head out Continuing here in the Armenian quarter the old city Jerusalem with this amazing tour given by our tour guide Rob He drew our attention to these unusual slant's Stone features because they're just kind of sitting there in the corner and He said that what they're actually for there's well apparently theories as to what they're actually there for One of them is that to prevent people from urinating in the kind of tight alleyways of the old city They would build a rock like this So that there wasn't any space in the corner on the other side of the road here. There's the strange looking Windows I guess just jutting out from the houses and he said that these are called an arabic mash rubia So anyone who knows even basic arabic knows that mash rub is a drink and apparently these little I don't know what to call them even in english these little kind of Um Things sticking out in the houses here people would Arab christians living in this in the Armenian quarter would basically put their drinks Instead of using refrigeration. They put their drinks with these little Capsules sticking out windows and that would keep their water. It's actually cool And if you live somewhere as hot as Jerusalem, you certainly know the importance Of having a good supply of cool liquids during the hot summer months. So that's really interesting And we're here going through you can see behind me the flags of the Vatican Because we're here over the Easter period Easter and Pesach are coinciding this year And a really fascinating tour as the description didn't let down that you can be living in Jerusalem For 30 years and you'll still find things to discover about this fascinating city I'm here inside the church of the holy saplocur in the old city of Jerusalem And one of the things you would definitely miss Are these bins here and I actually have seen these around Jerusalem. Never had any idea what they're what they were Orin who runs a great website called traveling israel.com did a great little short video about these So I'm basically replicating his efforts, but uh explain these are actually bomb disposal bins But they're all locked now. So basically what these were was that during Times of less certain security in Israel they'd have these bins and you can just kind of see how intensely secure they are And any suspicious objects people would put them inside them nowadays. They're all locked and if there is a suspicious object Which you will see happening in Jerusalem. It's called a um It's a suspicious object and you'll see the um bomb ordinance disposal team called out somewhat regularly The police will come close off the street and a sapper. That's where they're looking for They use actually robots nowadays. They'll send out a robot onto a bus sometimes somebody will leave their backpack on the bus Just because Jerusalem's such a suspicious place the army will send out a sapper and that's what happened nowadays But I guess in previous times When things were less sophisticated, this is what they had these literally Bomb proof metal things and this is right inside the church of the holy sepulcher Apparently there's also one outside the western wall. I've never seen it But this one right here is quite conspicuous. So these are one of the interesting things you'll see Outside if you're traveling in the old city of Jerusalem So my name is Robbie Berman I'm a tour guide in israel and uh israel is a very interesting place with a lot of different religions a lot of different cultures A lot to explore a lot to discover a lot to learn And I invite you all to come and i'm available to be your tour guide. So it's I don't have the url up yet, but I think I'm gonna make it the only tour guide in israel.com That's what i'm gonna make it. I have another question. I believe you recently published a book I published two books this year. I published a book on arabic idioms in the palestinian dialect So anyone wants to learn how to speak arabic in the palestinian dialect needs the book. It's called min tak tak It's arabic to english and also arabic to hebrou two versions and it also came out a few weeks ago with a Haggadah, which is a jewish pamphlet that we use on Passover night to read from during the services And it's in hebrou as well as a transliterated translation of palestinian arabic