 Hi there, it's Mr. P. In today's lesson, we're going to take a look at the present perfect simple Have you finished your homework yet? We haven't finished yet They have already finished their homework So let's get started First we're going to take a look at the timeline So we have a horizontal and a vertical line On the left side we have the past The vertical line is the present so now and The right-hand side is the future So we have two dots or two stars and one arrow as you can see from the drawing That means that it's an action that started in the past sometime in the past and can continue in the present and So maybe there is an indication of the future too Because it could also lead to the future So on this lesson, we're going to take a look at first The auxiliary or helping verb that we use with the present perfect The past participle Then we're going to look at the time expressions or adverbs of time that we use with the present perfect Then we're going to look at when it is used and we're going to look at some examples And then we're going to have an exercise at the end So first stop Auxiliary helping verb Well for a negative sentence an affirmative sentence or a question we need an auxiliary and That auxiliary or helping verb is have or has You know that have is for the I, you, we and they pronouns Has instead we use it for he, she and it Then we need an past participle for sure for all these types of sentences The past participle can be Regular so ends in ed or irregular and this is when you have to use your memory So now let's take a look at past participles. So as I said past participles can be regular or irregular So first regular we add ed at the end of the verb like in work worked Walk walked Be attention to this one study studied So we take out that why and we add I ed Why because before the why there is a consonant D So then yes, we can change it to I so why changes to I instead play played So play does not change because before the why there is a vowel The a so stays the same so the why acts as a consonant And then we have another example live Live we just add D and not double E now These are some of them the majority are regular past participles So instead if we look at the irregular ones you have to learn them here I listed just few of them be Bein See sing Go gone Swim swam Bite bitten so I try to give you a variety of them So that you have a picture of how they can change So now let's take a look at the third point which is adverbs of time and or time expressions So we have yet and we use yet for negative sentences and questions already just ever for questions Never and recently So these are the most common ones. There are others. These are adverbs of time For time expressions. We have this week this month this year today for for five years for six years for four months since since 1984 Since I was five years old and so far again. There are many others. These are the most common ones though Let's move on and let's go to the next point, which is how we make a positive sentence in this case We add the subject then the helping verb so HV is for helping verb Then sometimes if you have it an adverb then the past participle of the verb in question And then maybe an object Let's have our first example. I have already been to Rome I've already been to Rome when you speak you can say I've already been to Rome But when you write you must write the whole helping verb Now let's take a look at a negative sentence We have the subject then the helping verb plus not Then we have the past participle Then there may be an object and the time expression in this case I chose an adverb which we are going to see it at the end of the sentence. I Have not been to Rome yet As you can see yet is an adverb and is placed always at the end of a sentence Or you can even say I haven't been to Rome yet Again, the second choice is used when you speak when we write when we write an assignment We prefer the long version, which is I have not been and now Let's take a look at a question Well, first if you have w-h question word that is what where who how Then we have the helping verb Notice here that we have the subject right after the helping verb Then we have the past participle and then anything else and the time expression and in this case I will give you the example with an adverb and not a time expression as I said Yet is an adverb and it is placed always at the end of a sentence. It's an exception Have you been to Rome yet as you can see here? We have yet at the end now. Let's take a look at the next point So when do we use the present perfect? It is used to describe an action when the time is not important An action or situation that started in the past and continues in the present Three an action performed during a period that has not yet finished number four a repeated action in a specific period between the past and now and Number five an action that has completed in the very recent past Now I'm going to give you an example for each point. Okay, so point number one is an action When the time is not important Example number one. He has read the giver. So the time is not important here We know that is important the action that he has read it, right? So result of his reading is important. They have watched the election on TV So the result of they are watching is irrelevant here I prefer to talk about the action and not the result of the of the action So let's take a look at the second point now the example number two. I Have lived in Canada since I was born and I still do is a progressive action, right? She has learned Russian for two years now. She's still learning Russian So from a specific time in the past. I'm up to now example number three They have been to the movies once this week and the week is not over yet They have paid the dog five times this month and The month is not over yet So notice the amount of time also once and then five times Example number four. We have visited our aunt several times and we will still continue visiting her He has come over to keep us company And he will probably continue coming over so there is an insinuation here of the future, okay? number five He has just asked a question just done, okay? It's something that you have just done it So it's a recent present We have just finished with the explanation of the present perfect finished Expressed by just again So now we're going to do some practice So complete the sentences using the present perfect simple They hear for years not live. So this is a negative sentence. I hard this week work It several times already happen a Number four is a question So I give you five minutes to complete the exercise Pause the video and then I will give you the key now that you have Finished I will give you the key They haven't lived here for years. I Have worked hard this week It has happened several times already Has he just left so there you have it if you have any questions about the present perfect you may ask me under this video If you haven't subscribed to my channel, I suggest you do If you liked the lesson hit on the like button, please and you may share the lesson with your friends Have a great day and until next time. Bye. Bye You