 This cytochrome C-fold or domain that is very common in organisms that has to do with respiration or so They frequently bind metals or in this particular heme group or something and this heme group binds say iron That's without going to into too much detail That typically means that they can be responsible for electrons transport mean and that they can help oxidize or reduce Processes and convert energy. It happens a lot in mitochondria in our cells and also in several bacteria I've actually worked on one of these called Chevanella onadensis. It's a bacterium Discovered at Lake Onida in the late 80s Which is very special this organism at least at the time contained more cytochrome domains Than any other organism known and this is a bacterium that only has say 4,000 genes or so This is probably prescribed now so I can say that we wrote the research grant at the time that we promised the U.S. Military to study this mostly because we were so interested in the metal binding domains It was kind of true we were studying this because we were interested in fundamental protein folding It's a great example of a protein of an organism that small enough that we could try to predict virtually all its structures The reason why both the U.S. military and several other agencies are interested in it's a metal that kind of eat Sorry, it's a bacterium that kind of eat metals or binds metals That means that it has interesting roles in say bio remediation. You might be able to get it to absorb metals related to nuclear waste and What's happened the last 10 years that there is a lot of you found interest in Chevanella onadensis and bio electricity Bio electricity, what's that? Well, I Can essentially get a bacterium to perform electrochemical reactions and I can design those reactions with biotechnology and get it to Adhere to surfaces and everything with far greater precision that you do with a traditional battery This is still work in development And there are a few recent papers that I'm going to try to share at least one of them with you in canvas So that if you're interested you can download it But to avoid spending too much time talking as Chevanella These four helical bundles in the cytochrome C domain is particularly because you're binding something inside that bundle And here is yet another example. This does not look quite like a four helical bundle, right? There is quite a lot of diversity in the cytochrome C folds too and again We tend to group them together evolutionary But this one looks much less for a helical ideal than the one I had on the previous slide. That's life We have to accept that