 Welcome to the Fiji Symposium 2019 in Cairo, Egypt, where I'm very pleased to be joining the studio this morning by Dr Yunju Kim, who is the Chief of Innovations and Partnership Department for the International Cellic Communication Union, ITU. Dr Kim, welcome to the studio. Thank you very much for inviting me. Now I'd like to start off by talking a little bit about emerging technologies. How can emerging technologies like digital financial services help the world, especially the poorest people? Today, according to some studies, and then the 2.5 billion adults in the world are actually connected or benefited to formal financial services. But the rest and then are not quite reliable and then accessible, these are the services, which means the ones, especially in the poor and the poorest, cannot actually access to these services, meaning using or transacting in cash owners. So we need to actually work collaboratively to make sure that these poor, especially poorest, to enjoy the services, especially digital financial services, utilizing technologies. And what innovations do you think are required in regulatory collaboration to create an enabling environment for digital financial services? In fact, in terms of this requirement, we have to start with the broader scheme. Now each sector is emerging. This sector, or even the city sector, and also the finance sector is working together. We are here to talk about digital financial services. But these two sectors have their own kind of a framework, so policy framework, the regulatory framework, and the different kind of entities and sectors and so on. So we need to actually work together. So we need to make sure and enabling an environment through which these two sectors can understand better and then also make some kind of collaborative regulatory tools for consumer protection, secure the digital ID, and then many others. So that at the end many people can actually enjoy this kind of service to all, including the poor. Let's talk about fintech. How do you think that the fintech sector can reshape financial services? We are talking about the technologies, especially coming from an ITU talking about digital technologies. But it's not just only technologies per se. For example, global investments actually, and according to recent study, and then you are talking about the over billions of investment. In fact, comparing with the 2008 till 2015, the global financial investment increased over 2200%. Here, and then you are talking about some investment, which means it's not just only technology, but we are talking about the financing, we are talking about the job, especially digital decent job, and economic growth. So at the end it can have a benefit to all sectors and cross sectors. Here we need to have again, I am emphasising collaboration together and then beyond the sectors and then beyond entities concern. There has been a lot of discussion here about encouraging the usage of digital financial services. How can ITU help in this direction? How do you see ITU's role here? Very good questions. Thank you very much for the question. In fact, the ITS mandate over 153 now four years, and then make sure and connecting the world, and then technology has evolved. So we are just utilizing radio communications, standardizations, now development, all this cross sector and then working very together to ensure infrastructure connectivity worldwide. In fact, according to UN Secretary General's special advisor for SDGs, and he emphasised that without connectivity we cannot achieve even SDGs. So ITU role comes here to prepare and provide and then platform, global innovative partnership platform. This is all these sectors together with all this, our membership. You know ITU's membership is very unique. In fact, ITU itself is a very unique partnership platform from the government, which means policy makers and regulators, and also industry, and also we are just having academia all together. This is very unique platform. Utilising this actually unique platform, we are coming with a specific product such as the policy and regulatory frameworks, or even guidelines, and then in terms of technology standardization, world global standardization, and then more than that, and then we are providing skill developments with some kind of centre of excellence around the world and the project in around the world. So we try to make sure and then these skills are being equipped for not only actually rich, but also poor and poorest so that they can enjoy these services for their actually daily use. So in this regard, I am very actually happy to enhance our partnerships among multiple actually stakeholders including ITU, World Bank, State Foundation at the global level, and the national setting, and then we have a number of actually regulators, policy makers, and both sectors are working very closely. I think that this Fiji Symposium is one of excellent platform for everybody working together. And beyond that, when you look at that, this Fiji particular kind of project and we are targeting actually three countries. In fact, looking back, the Fiji itself has some kind of a two-tier platform. One is a global symposium like that, and then three countries are national implementation. We are working very closely with the World Bank with the kind of support from the Gate Foundation. Those countries include China, Mexico, and Egypt. So we are here in Egypt to witness their commitment for national implementation and the national level. But look, ITU's membership is worth 193 countries now, and the Fiji means that the rest of the 190 countries also need to be benefited. So we actually, especially the development sector, went beyond the three countries. So we actually worked very closely and for studies on DFS and the Nathoni Digital Financial Service. We are talking about the digital financial inclusion. So we did some studies for STAN and Mongolia and then other countries like India, Thailand, and so on. So we tried to find what can be more suitable models for our memberships so that we can assist better, we can serve better the needs of our membership. On top of that, we also have a regional initiative talking about these services. So we can actually expand our regional initiative into a project. And then the study groups are also looking into a little bit more in-depth studies, based on cases studies from around the world to provide some better guidelines. So at the end, we want to actually support and serve the need of actually our membership to work together to do better the world in the end, the contributing SDGs. Well thank you very much for improving our knowledge with your valuable insights and we look forward to catching up with you again in the future. Thank you very much. Thanks.