 So, Sharan Nya, right? Yes, sir. Okay. Tell us about yourself. Very briefly, tell us what are your accomplishments, your suitability for the service, your expectations, everything in three sentences. Okay, sir. I am Mark Sharan Nya from Karikal. I have completed my retake in electronics and communication engineering from Pondicherry Engineering College. As of now, I am engaged in number of planting activities, particularly during the northeast monsoons he said. I also go as a volunteer. On a personal basis or as a part of the institution? Yes, sir. On a personal basis I do it, sir. Then I also take up as a volunteer in yoga sessions, which is organized in and around my place. And if there is time, I also teach some children who are slow-paced and cannot keep the normal academic base in and around my region, sir. So it's all entirely on your own? No organizational structure? No, sir. I am not part of any organization. I do it on a voluntary basis whenever I have time. Then how do you make a living? As of now, my father who fetches for me, sir. Okay. So and what is your civil service history? How many times have you ever written before? Yes, sir. I graduated in 2015. And 2016 was my first attempt, sir. In the first two attempts I proceeded till the stage of personality test, but I couldn't land up in any service. Until then I did not take up any formal job or I didn't engage in any other activity. And then I started taking up these activities. Now this is my fourth attempt, sir. So what went wrong, you think? If you reached up to personality test, in each of these interviews what went wrong? What went wrong? You think? My marks and my mains were very average, sir. In my first attempt, my optional marks were very low. In the second attempt, so I started to give a larger part of the time for the optional. The other subjects failed. Yes, sir. It averaged out in the general study subjects. But interviews themselves were not bad? Yes, sir. Interviews were above average, sir. Okay. Now what are your expectations? You have to make it this time, right? Definitely, sir. Yeah. All right. And your first choice is IAS. Yes, sir. Why not the Foreign Service? I belong to the Foreign Service, that's all I know. Do you know enough about the Foreign Service to say no to it? No, sir. Actually I'm really passionate about becoming an IAS officer. I've appeared for the examination. It's not that I do not like Foreign Services, that I have placed it as my second option, sir. No, that's normal. If you don't put it as the first option, that means you are not very keen on it, right? It's not your passion. The passion is the IAS. Yes, sir. In IAS, I think we have a lot more scope to work with the grassroots people. That is where my passion lies in also. So I have kept it as my first option. I can understand that. But do you think we need a Foreign Service? Definitely, sir. For what? I have a... What is the purpose? What is the purpose of Foreign Policy? Foreign Policy. It is to generate the kind of view we want about India among the people of other countries, among the leadership of different nations. To generate that, we definitely need a Foreign Policy, sir. And have you succeeded? Sorry, sir. Has India succeeded so far? Yes, sir. It is progressing really very well. Okay. What are our accomplishments in Foreign Policy, from Padreji to Narendra Modi? When the world was consumed by the two superpowers, we were very successful in establishing the non-alignment movement and providing another front for different countries to unify, to work for their development and well-being. That was one biggest accomplishment of that time. And currently now India is able to put forth it as an upcoming superpower with its aim as a member of UNSC Council. I think as a regional power also it has shown its superiority in terms of number of HADR operations in the Indian Ocean region, evacuation operations, or helping the countries which were struck by disasters, particularly in Indonesia, or the crisis in India. Yes, sir. I think diplomatically we are very dexterous these times, sir. Dr. Kallam used to think that in 2020 will be a superpower. Any chance of getting there? If not now, there wouldn't be any other better times, sir. This time I think it is like a superpower where India has every chance to hit a sixer in every ball, particularly with the kind of demographic profile the country has. It has a demographic dividend, which can be used for the benefit of India. Also technologically the situations are changing. We have many upcoming technologies like artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, super speed highways in the internet. All this can be hard list to the betterment of India, particularly with the youth population who are more versatile with using them. Today more and more people are saying that India is loosing its international position because of the CAA and C370 and so on. Do you agree with that? Other countries or international institutions should have a say in the sovereignty of the country, sir. These are internal matters as it has been repeatedly put forth. But people like Dr. Manwansingh is saying this. Did you read Manwansingh's article in the Hindu? Yes, sir. Yes, sir. Do you agree with him? About India's standing being lost and people don't care about us and we are on the brink of collapse. Any decision has its pros and cons, sir. So always there are some fallouts. We cannot always have any perfect decision. It is kind of a manner worry. So that means overall you support the CAA? I wouldn't say I support the CAA, sir. There are definitely fallouts. There are concerns of people who will not be getting the citizenship. But are those concerns real or it's simply an anti-Modi sentiment? Concerns are real in certain cases, sir. Who will be affected? The Muslim population who have migrated to India. Who have migrated to India. Who won't be entitled for a citizenship. Do you have any obligation to take care of every refugee who comes into India? Definitely not, sir. We do not have the obligation to take care because we still have our own population, our own citizens feeling under poverty to be taken care of. In that kind of situation, I don't think we should take upon ourselves the responsibility of everyone who infiltrates into the country. There are legal mechanisms to enter the country through proper channels. We can apply for the citizenship and enter but... So that law was already in existence. There was no need for a CAA. The government had the discretion to say no to any community. It didn't have to be Muslims alone. So here Muslims are specified, that's all that they are saying. But why should the Muslim community in India be adjichaged over it? Nobody is going to wake them up one day and say, go to Pakistan, will they? Definitely not, sir. Being minorities, they already feel marginalized because in terms of social indicators also, be it the educational profile or the occupational status we have many positive things we do for the minorities or the so-called scheduled castes, etc. But we are already paying the price for having mistreated them. And that is why I need more mass to be in the civil service than somebody else. So over and top of that, what else can we do for them? We should address their concerns, sir, that their citizenship is not threatened, that has to be first communicated clearly. Prime Minister has said so many times that that will not be effective. We have to ensure that we speak to the community leaders and we pass on the message to them so that it reaches more clearly. Even two days back, we had an announcement in our street where it was a local Islamic organization was organizing a meeting and they announced that this meeting is to oppose the act which is going to entirely revoke the citizenship of all the Muslim people in the country. This is a misunderstanding. Yes, sir, this kind of fear-mongering should be prevented. That is being encouraged by politicians, including my Congress party. So they politicized, the whole issue is politicized. No, so my point is something different, whether you support it or not. Whether it is useful or not. It is not from a foreign policy perspective. Do we have to be concerned? Definitely, sir, on compassionate grounds, the religious minorities who are supposed to be given citizenship through this Citizenship Amendment Act, I definitely support it. But tell me one country in the world which has a majority other than Hindus, which is a secular country, Christian majority, Muslim majority. Is there a secular country? No, the France or US. They are not secular, they are Christian countries. Only the Hindus can create a secular country because Hindus are a way of life. So that, do they understand or not, is the issue. And that does the world understand. Now the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights says that I will come and wipe the case in the Indian Supreme Court. Can we accept that? Definitely not, sir. Yes, but there are intelligent people saying yes. I own former colleagues are saying. There should be discussions on it, sir. We cannot always rely on one particular stand of view. When there are diverse views, I think it should be appreciated too. So that's why we need people like you in the foreign service. Okay. Yes. Saranda, we have a female finance minister and there is a, but by 2024 we will have 5 trillion US dollar economy. In what way it can be achieved? Already the revenue shortfall, there is a revenue shortfall. The tax officials have been directed to mobilize additional revenue. Can it be achieved by 2024? I'm not sure if that particular number can be achieved, sir. But there is all prospect for India to achieve a better economic position than what it is in the current scenario. As I earlier said, the demographics are very suitable. There is political stability in the country. People are very much aspiring. We have aspiring youth population who somehow want to surpass the current economic constraints they are facing. And there is also reformational works which is going on to ensure ease of doing business. There are the previously held inertia which prevented Indians from taking up new firms as starting up businesses has been given up. And we also have a number of new firms coming up. With all this being seen, I think there is every prospect for India to come up economically. I think sector is a big crisis. How it will be possible? Sorry, sir. Enking sector. Yes, sir. The NPA is increasing almost every day. Credit crunch is one major issue which we have to address definitely, sir. Credit crunch is preventing growth in number of institutes which need timely credit, particularly agriculture or many industries to get their inventories. They are facing the crunch. And infrastructural development is also being impacted because of the credit crunch. I think we can address it, sir. What about space research? You are an engineer. You can communicate. What sort of space research is taking place in India? And what way it is beneficial for the Indian society? Space research in number of areas like we have Gaganyan, which is said to be launched by 2022 to send a manned spacecraft. There are other space missions through which we got a number of spin-off technologies, the lithium ion battery which recently has brought up to the markets. And other, the fire-resistant tiles which can be used in industrial areas or in the rooftop in order to reduce the impact of heat because of the climate change. There are many social benefits because of the space program. Even I recently came to know about from an article that Vikram Sarabha himself said that during the time when the world was going through a space war between US and USSR, he himself said that India first should focus on the social benefits which can be leaked out of space. So we are very much dexterous in using it in our wildlife conservation programs or in resource exploration activities and also in disaster relief, sir. Any manned space, I think we are supposed to send astronauts, is it really in the offing? Is it really? In the offing. I think it will be one of the biggest priorities, sir, because we have set it as a target for the 75th year of our independence. I think it will come up. What is your take on gender empowerment? The demand by political parties, there should be reservation of seats in state legislatures as well as in parliament. And into the talk is going on. Certain political parties are in favour of it, some are not. Already local bodies have a reservation, particularly panchayats, local panchayats and many states have reservation. Police forces we have reservation. We have reservation in the political and the legislative process, sir, because it will make it more inclusive, more acceptable to the population because 50% of the population is women. Even without reservation, I think in the course of time we will be able to achieve a particular level that women comes out and take part in the political process. As we can see now, it is the women who vote more than the men population. It is going to be active political participants too. So when empowered enough, they will come up, sir. Maybe reservation can serve as a vehicle too fast in that. But even without that, I think Indian women will come up soon. You studied telecom. What is all about 4G technology? 4G, now they say 5G technology has to come. What it is? 4G is in the offing, I think. It is coming, 5G technology. 4G technology enables a faster internet rate which supports online gaming or video conferencing and so on, sir. 5G technology is furthermore, it is said that it will be 10 times faster than 4G speeds which we enjoy now and it will be able to support internet of things in particular, sir. What about elections in India? It is conducted by election commission. What is election commission? How it is constituted? Election commission is a constitutional independent authority, sir. It is supposed to conduct elections for the Lok Sabha, the state legislative assembly, the elections of vice president and the president of India, sir. The election expenses, they have fixed some limit and all. It is not taking place as per the limit. A lot of money is flowing, you know, you might be reading in the paper. When the election takes place in a particular state or city, lot of cash, the seeds, they are all this. And the deputies of the audited account service or revenues are used to keep a check on election auditing. They were talking of electoral bonds. The political parties should collect electoral money in the form of bonds. How do you know about it? And how to stop this sort of malpractices in election? Financial malpractices. As we can see from a number of surveys, it is seen that the candidate who spends maximum amount has maximum chance to get elected also. One major fault is with the people because they are ready to accept the cash and vote. So, the electoral, the parties which are contesting election, they are also willing to find all means to get the cash to people before they vote. This is forcing people, this is forcing the candidates to somehow harness money from different means like the black money or the electoral funding through individual contributions, which is possible through the electoral bonds. Electoral bonds is recently criticized to be decreasing the transparency because we do not come to know about who funds it. And who funds which party or there seems to be a kind of nexus which would be developed by the, between the corporate and the political house because of the prevailing obscurity in the process. Can you tell us something about the classical dance forms of India? Dance from south, north, east, west, some examples. The Kathak mostly prevails in the northern part of the country as a main classical dance form. In southern India there are a number of forms like Mohini Atom and Kathakali in Kerala. In Tamil Nadu it is predominantly Bharatanatyam. Kuchipudi from Andhra Pradesh, from Orissa it is Orissi and from Assam it is Satriya. You have to be faster. Tell me, you have mentioned the internet of things few times. How can you use internet of things for natural disasters? What are the possibilities? It relies on machine to machine communication. So I think restoration post the disasters particularly of electrical lines or the life post everything would be much more easier. Because we can understand the level of damage from the data which is gathered and it can also be used to predict which areas require quicker restoration. We will already have the collected data of which area uses maximum amount of electricity or internet connectivity. So this way it has to do more with the data? Yes sir. So we will have more data? We will have more data which we can use it. So how will you use it? So it has a lot of potential. So this height known which stuck Chennai 2 years back, Barda, you were here at that time? No sir. Where were you? I was at my hometown at Karekansi. No, that is of course not. No, at that time being electronic, it is think in terms of how can be kind of argument how it is called natural disasters. Which is very much involved today is the use of social media to communicate with the people to organize the volunteers for relief activities or to enlist them so that we can get them handy. No, there is a lot of a number of society here and asking you as an electronic engineer. Do you think in terms of what all I can do or do you have any enlighten us about any latest innovations which is happening where you get tackle as a disasters? You read about these things. That is the intention of this question. One thing is we can use cashless cards for money transactions because we wouldn't expect people to have them any time after the disaster. We can ensure that cash crunch does not happen through use of cashless card transactions. And we can also go for the use of virtual sims because that would help ease of availability of sim cards cause the disasters which is essential these days for communication. And I couldn't recollect about that. You have mentioned that you got a first prize in creative writing. How is it different from the normal writing? Creative writing has much to do with expression of the thoughts, emotions rather than normal technical kind of writing which is about enlisting of facts or detailing procedures or a kind of journalistic writing. Creative writing has more to do with entertaining people, sir. Not necessarily. Not necessarily, but it can entertain people. It includes the poetry or stories. What is your role here? Mine was the kind of... I was given five words, sir. Like stars... This is for an event you did this and you got the prize for that. Yes, sir. You are not pursuing it further. No, it's not my passion actually. I just did it as part of an event. When you are mentioning it so prominently here, try to work on it. Okay, sir. That seems that you are not involved. Now, how much is the impact of chess in artificial intelligence? Chess is one game which is... In the development of artificial intelligence, how much, what role has chess played? Because the role of chess in artificial intelligence is pretty... Let's start with 1997. Blue. Then it started. Can you tell us something about being a chess player? We have games which is played on the computer. We can many times see that the computer outsmarts the player. But these days, without even having an opponent, one can train oneself. That's not really the question. It's a broader question regarding artificial intelligence. Maybe I didn't get it right. All right. Shaliniya, today is a special day. What is it? The international romance day, ma'am. So, why is this so special? What is the significance behind celebrating this day? It is to honor... No, the story. Sorry, ma'am. I will be working on this. Yes. In USA, in the Seneca Falls Convention, it was on this day that women organized to put forth the demand of equality on par with men. And as a woman, what does empowerment mean? Empowerment for a woman means that she has the freedom of choice. She has the right to make the decisions for herself. And she can, in a way, create her own destiny. That is what I think empowerment for a woman is. In order to facilitate that, we have to ensure that she is safe or wherever she is, whether inside the house or in the public places. I don't think anyone will have to empower a woman. If she is left free, she will empower herself, ma'am. And your father's name is Rama Chandra. So, we had a prominent leader for every Rama Chandra. So, can you mention three contributions of him for the development of Tamil Nadu? He upgraded the Ayurvedic prevailing mid-day male scheme to a nutritious male scheme. So, it incorporated more of a nutritious component for a developing child. And he contributed a lot to the tourism development of Tamil Nadu. And he is one leader who had most a charismatic component which he utilized to take the office of CM much more closer to people. Reach for people became much more easier. He also created another Chief Minister. I don't think it is a conflict. Two more. Five? Yes. A short one. A short one. Of course, every political leader, they will have their next to come to the positions. But this is an exception, okay? No, we don't have that. That is the problem. No success. I don't think it's a problem, ma'am. Because it has opened an arena where the leaders can come in democratic ways, rather than being... Did they come in a democratic way? What was the choice of the party? Yes ma'am, of course not the choice of the people. But we know that by the next election. You are from Kareika. So, this was the first trade territory of which... For larger part of the time, it was under the French rule, ma'am. For some part of the time, it went on back and forth between the French and the British. And sometimes it was under the Dutch rule also, for ten years. You know which treaty was signed for the transfer of Kareika from British to French? From British to French. It's ma'am, it was the Treaty of Pondicherry. The Treaty of Paris. The Treaty of Paris, ma'am. And you have mentioned Zardosi art, right? So, what is the origin of Zardosi art? Zardosi actually is a Persian element which came to India through the number of Islamic and Persian invasions. The word itself means... Zard means gold in the Persian language. So, Zardosi means weaning with the gold. So, it has a Persian connection which came through the ruling classes to the country. And then a number of Karkanas and workshops were established, particularly during the Muhal rule. We had a number of workshops established in the Uttar Pradesh, Agra and the surrounding regions. So, Zardosi is very prominent in this region even today, ma'am. Can you mention the reasons for the S-banks? Actually, a span had a poor quality of asset level even two or three years before the time now. And they had not increased their deposits level, though the loans they had been giving was increasing. Though it was under the note of number of regulators, as it is known from the newspaper report, it was not flagged very quickly, ma'am. So, now we have reached a condition where non-performing assets have reached up to seven percent. That is the reason for the downfall now. You recently heard the Supreme Court's order that virtual currencies are going to be back. So, what do you think? How can we regulate virtual currencies? And do you think they should be there or should be run? What is your opinion? I think giving an open freedom for everybody to use without knowing the pros and cons, without having any pilot level of what it is or how it works. It may be sometimes positive or may be detrimental also. What is your opinion on this? I think we should have had a pilot project on knowing on how it works and what are the potentials and all that should be known before it is made legal now. Because already we have threats of terrorism, terrorist funding and this can be a mechanism used towards that. Yeah, Raniya, like you know, because since you answered, like during disaster, you will use social media. A disaster means it's a disaster. You will have nothing. You heard about our Chennai flight. The same thing happened in Kaja Saikwad. There was no communication at all. The communication is the first to catch up. Then you have done communication engineering. What is the mode you really communicate with the people you are connected to? Most reliable is the radio cell. Always we can have access to it at most any time. For having any... How will you contact people? That's a mass communication. How will you really, you know, pass on the message to somewhere? So there is a system in the communication. Before the disaster occurs, we can send all the guidelines through social media how many people are there, what to do on the time of crisis. But post the crisis... You had a Vathi Taki? Yes, sir. What is the communication model? You are a communication student here. This is the practical knowledge you should have. Okay, fine. You have done geographically optional. And you are correct all. If there is any disaster, it's happening only in northern part of Tamil Nadu. Not in southern part. Why? Because Sri Lanka accesses the shield. And it accesses the cushion. It receives the major part of the destruction. And what comes to the southern part of Tamil Nadu is the minimized version of the disaster. Very good. That's what that means. Now, you know, one of the questions we asked is about our communication system and all. There is a leap and bound which really we blow up, compared to other countries. They took so many years, but we really miss itself in short period. But still we had a problem with, you know, Sandrayan too. Okay, though it's a successful, we claim that it's successful, it's not 100% successful. But there is a major difference between Sandrayan 1 and 2. So can you throw some light on, what's the difference between Sandrayan 1 and 2? Sandrayan 1 had many elements which were foreign built and then incorporated. Sandrayan 2 is almost a completely indigenous one. And also we did not have a lander or a rover in Sandrayan 1. In Sandrayan 2, we attempted soft landing, sir. Also in Sandrayan 2, the landing was supposed to be on the southern pole, which no other country has achieved so far. What will you achieve when you go to the southern pole? One thing is to show the progress of India in space, because earlier China had landed its satellite in the dark portion of the moon. So I think it's a kind of being first to the place. Okay, one more question. You had about non-governmental energy sources, right? So Kamil Nadu, like all India you take, Kamil Nadu tops in few units. One is in India. What makes Kamil Nadu to get the maximum potential of Indian energy? It's one area which receives both the northeast and the southeast monsoons. So for the southeast and the southwest monsoon. So wind at a higher speed is available for a longer duration of time compared to other states. And it is more close to the coast? Still more. Okay. You want to ask us something? No doubts or questions? Yes sir, I have few clarifications. Yes, tell us. Sir, the last question. The last question. What was the answer? The other question is here. No, you can tell us the answer. In the southeast monsoon when you see this, you know, the ancestral wind bill is there in south. The reason is the funneling effect. This is the word you should use it. The funneling effect of the wind passes. And when you see, you said it's a close to coast. Every land is a close to coast. But the western part side, all greenery stops the wind. When you go from south to north, the wind, the western part, and then from the land, the sea part takes lots of space. But in the Aarenga area, it's just 20 kilometers. There's so much speed when it comes, it has a big funneling effect. So you have a few signs and so on. And it's moving on. The strategy, chess and artificial intelligence. That's a big study actually. In fact, Alpha Go, that is DeepMind, which defeated the Go game Chinese player from two years back. That was DeepMind. Deep Blue, 1997. I'm sure since you're a chess player, you must have studied that game. So that defeated Kaskov, the second game. And there was a lot of controversy. Kaskov did not actually accept it. But then the chess, Deep Blue made a move, which was not really expected to be made by machine. It was not a materialistic move. It was a positional move. So that led to an idea of artificial intelligence. That was a position which can start thinking for itself. So that's, conventionally, in most of the circles, that is seen as the beginning of artificial intelligence in certain ways. Maybe you could see that a lot of YouTube channels have discussed that particular game. Nothing else. What do you think you have performed? Sir, you should tell me. Well, today I have been here. This is a 6th or 7th person. You have been the best. Thank you, sir. At least you are not here. Today she is the best. Not really the best. And faultless. Thank you. You should have made it to the civil service long ago. Isn't it? That's why I asked you what went wrong in your first interviews. Really, you just maintain this, and your knowledge is good, your English is good, your posture is good, your smile is good. So I want to tell the eye contact. So it is, I think you should have it. Once in a while you should really, because the once question aspect, chairman is always chairman is center. When chairman's answer you are there and you will be looking at it. Other side, other, it will be like, you know, semi-circle. You're an oscillating fan. So you should, you know, once in a while you should be looking at it. Second, when madam gave the answer, you said okay, like that, you know. Like when you say you are not knowing about it, you got the answer, you should, the courtesy should thank the board, thank you madam. Then you should, you know, have it. Like that. So if you don't know also, it's a small etiquette. It makes little bit, you know, cleverly ego. That is okay. You maintain and then cool and calm. When is your interview? On 17th summer. And that's it. No, don't worry. The question I will say is, when the question is asked, you can think and then answer. If it answers questions, I mean, these questions are also, like, thinking-oriented. So, but you don't have to get a little disturbed or anything. And then if you judge the question and answer, because every time he was asking something else, but you were going to somewhere else, you were going to a general aspect, he wants chess at AI. What's the link? You do a link, you can say. Otherwise, don't try to beat around the bush. Just directly, you can keep the question. And the first word itself, you can keep the question, instead of answers, opinion-oriented questions also, CAA and all that. You don't have to be very, you know, if this can be done and can be done. Be more precise, two lines, you, every question you see, what two lines you can see. Gravity makes a lot of difference. No, no, all questions will not have that meaning. No, no, sir. When you start, if you start with the point, it makes a lot of difference. In any case, these questions have not come. I'm not addressing those questions. No, no, I was testing you how you are, you know, answering. It's a personality test. So, I'm judging you on that basis. So, I think you have many, very many advantages. The only thing, very, very well. We have mentioned this very clearly in the first page. It was like the first prize in creativity. Creativity. And you've not really thought about it. Not about it, yes. What difference? Creativity. Creativity. Creativity. Creativity. Of course. I've not even thought about it. And also, because you... I don't mention that it's not your passion about it. Yeah. Very many. You didn't know that. You shouldn't say it's not my passion. I just bought one. You don't have to say that. You can just say that you got this prize, that was a competition, five words were given, and that you had to create a story or something or do those five words. That is what I am. And you're interested in it. Because you see, your father's future address is Bharti Dasa. Bharti Dasa. It will lead to a lot of discussions. University, man. Isn't that the university? Yes, it is. Bharti Dasa. I think it's contributions, you can come to it. Okay. Thank you very much. All the best. Thank you, sir. Glad to hear your results. Thank you, sir. Give us carbon compost, that's very good. Okay, sir.