 God afternoon and a warm welcome to this closing plenary of the World Economic Forum on the Middle East and North Africa 2015. In this summit we've had a special program on addressing violent extremism. It's well known that in this region but also globally there's a growing challenge of extremism generated locally and regionally and globally. And there is an increasing demand for responses which are joint responses. That's why we call this panel a shared responsibility. We believe that this is something that has to be dealt with by governments, by all means, international organizations, but also by the private sector, by businesses and non-governmental organizations alike. We have an excellent panel to help inspire us and to lead the discussion on this. We have six speakers and one hour so we have to be very effective in the use of our time. And we have representatives from government, from civil society, and from business. And we have representatives from the region, but also from Europe and North America. With me I have Vice President of Iraq, Mr. Ayad Alavi. Welcome. I have Mr. Suleiman Bakit, who is the founder and CEO of Hero Factor in Jordan. I have the President of Kosovo, second to the Vice President of Iraq, Madam Afitete Jaga, who is also by the way a former Deputy Director General of Kosovo Police. So she's also been involved in this from the police angle. I have the Deputy Prime Minister of Iraq, Mr. Saleh Mohammed Almutlak. I have a good friend of the forum and a strong voice for the business engagement in this area. And one of the people who inspired us to take on this job, Mr. Mohammed Jafar, who is Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Kuwait Danish Diary Company in Kuwait. And then we have, last but not least, the US under Secretary of State for Civilian Security, Democracy and Human Rights, Sarah Seawall with us as well. So that's the cost. Before I ask the panelists to start there some short interventions, I want to share with you a couple of impressions from the private program. And I can't do full justice to what happened, because there were so many ideas that came up, and there were so many concrete and practical proposals for how we can work on this. I just want to say that we will take all of these proposals very seriously and work on them in the weeks and months and years to come to try to develop further a joint approach to this very serious issue. But a few points that I want to share with you, which in order to frame the discussion. First, this must be understood as a global phenomenon. It is not only a phenomenon from this region. It hurts this region very much, but recruitment is global, and action is also global. The negative action acts the violent acts of extremists. And I want to just to share with you very quickly a personal story, because in most of my career I have been traveling to places of conflict and war and taking security precautions. But when I came back to my home country Norway, I always thought I was back in a peaceful place. We can relax. And then we were hit by a very severe terrorist attack on the 22nd of July 2011, which I was almost hit by twice. First, because the government headquarters were attacked and I was part of the government. And a few hours later I learned that my own son, who was on the island that was attacked by the same murderer, was one of the people who almost got killed, although he survived and was able to swim away from the island, whereas many of his friends were killed. They were killed by a white supremacist alleged Christian, European, born and bred in Norway, who was not poor and not necessarily a loser in socioeconomic terms. If you look at the way he came into this, it's very similar to the way we see many of the people who recruited to ISIS or Daesh is being recruited. And just mentioning that to say that this is a global phenomenon and let us not reduce it just to a regional issue. Second point is that we know that there is a fight and we will hear now in a second from the vice president how acute and dramatic this fight is right now. It's current, it needs measures now and I think everybody here understands that there must be a military dimension to the response. But I hope that everybody also understands that there is no final military solution. We need long term solutions to long term problems. If we have a strategic challenge, we cannot solve it just by tactics. It's very important to connect the broad picture of economic opportunity, of jobs, fair jobs, growth, political and economic exclusion, societal change in the right direction to this broader picture. So these are the things we were talking about over these three days in the special program. I will now invite the vice president of Iraq, Mr. Ayad Alavi, to take us into what's happening in your country, what is the challenge and where are you in this very moment in the fight? Arabic or English? If you like Arabic, we have. Just give people one second. The biggest challenge that we face is extremism and terrorism in the world and in Iraq in particular and of course in the region as a whole has repercussions on the international level and they're evident and clear. And these repercussions are either connected to the recruitment of fighters from western countries and other countries as well or in the forced migration and displacement of millions all over the world and we all know the problems that are happening to these migrants who are forced to emigrate a lot of them and drown in the sea as they are searching for a secure place to live. In addition, there are also the practical implications, military, economic as well as the effect on the flow of oil and projects and its impact also on investors in Iraq and Syria. And if we talk about the implications of terrorism and extremism we notice that it is becoming more rooted in the area in terms of their modus operandi and their activities. The reasons... Well, there are multiple reasons. It will be difficult to summarize and all of these reasons are important but we need to look at how we can get out of this rut of this problem. We need to adopt clear strategies. Some of them will be military strategies to deal with the current crisis and this military effort that is needed to overcome terrorist organizations represented by ISIS needs to be based on clear intelligence sharing to know exactly what are the weak points and the strong points of ISIS. We need to have also the special operations, special forces. We also need to prevent them from being able to move freely and it has to be in coordination between the intelligence services and the military and also we need to strengthen the forces on the ground. This military victory is not sufficient on its own. Without coordination between all the countries that have a shared position against terrorism and even if this coordination takes place we will meet another dilemma and that is the difficult economic and political situation which means that when we develop these strategies we need to have one clear strategy dealing with the political victory and economic victory through developing conducive, economic environments that are community friendly because what we see now is a lot of poverty spreading within the society especially amongst the young. So the political victory is connected and it complements the military victory and at the same time we need to ensure its sustainability and the sustainability of this victory will come through putting a lot of checks and balances and starting with the political reconciliation and developing or reviewing education and other issues that will ensure sustainability and that will stop youth from resorting to extremism. We need a lot of political reform. There are many countries that need political reform and economic reform and this reform needs to guarantee the unity and integrity of these societies. The final victory and the sustainability of this victory will be achieved by ensuring that there are no more IDPs no more refugees and finding permanent solutions for the refugees and to bring back the IDPs and the refugees to their homes and to their cities and villages and to ensure that they are an active component of the community and to achieve social unity for fear that the current situation will continue and the continuation of the immigration and the demographic change that has happened because of this immigration this threatens the whole region and threatens that we will face wars that endless wars. I will stop here to give the opportunity to the others and I can speak more in the Q&A session. The Vice President for those comments I'm sure we come back to many of those points on education and political economic reform very soon and I would like to go to the opposite end of the panel here to Mr. Suleiman Bakitu who was involved in the side program that I mentioned and I know that you've been watching very closely also on grassroots level what is it actually that takes people that brings people to join Dysh or ISIS or similar movement what is the root cause or what is the motivation factors, please. Everything begins with the story so allow me to share a small story with you. When I came back to Jordan and started doing my work I went to focus and did focus groups talking to the youth in Jordan, kids and I asked them a simple question who are your heroes and I was shocked at the response they looked at me and said well what do you mean what does that mean we don't really have any real heroes but we hear a lot about Mladen Zarqawi I'm like well what do you hear about them they said well we hear that they protect us they defend us against the government and against America and the west because they're out there to kill us which is extremist narrative 101 so I started giving them comic books for free came back a few months later asked them the same exact question not a single kid was talking about Mladen Zarqawi they're all talking about the comic book characters and this highlights a very important point the lack of anti-Bladen in our culture the lack of positive heroes positive role models that can provide these kids with an alternative hero journey the biggest threat we face in the Middle East is terrorism disguised as a heroism this is how they sell extremism to kids part of the problem with the counter narratives all over the world is our counter narrative for most governments is don't be a terrorist for the youth in fact what the extremists are telling them is come be a hero which is a lot more attractive in fact this is actually consistent with a lot of the data and the research the latest research actually shows that the reason why all these extremists and all these youth join these extremist groups from the very beginning is because it provides them with a sense of purpose sense of identity the glamorous call to adventure and they package it as a hero journey and shortly after I started publishing the comic books I got attacked outside of my office in Jordan with a razor blade across my face and that's how I got this car in an effort to try and stop me from doing my work two things happened as a result one, my dating life improved exponentially two more important I remembered what Rumi said Rumi said the wounds are the place where the light comes in but it's also, I think he was half right it's also where the light shines from and that's ladies and gentlemen the kind of heroism we want to teach the kids a different kind of heroism that's based on narratives of hope resilience, connection to others tolerance, women and female heroes and that's an incredibly important point thank you so much Suleyman thank you a lot of important lessons there and again echoed by many of the participants in the special program saying exactly that it's not only about grievance it's about people finding meaning and purpose in a complex world and unfortunately that's what we're seeing globally that people look for simple solutions to very complex issues and one of them seems to be dice for ISIS I'll come back to that in a second Mr. Jaffar the businessman on the panel but also with a strong heart for this issue you've been very instrumental in telling us that we need to step up to the plate now what do you tell your fellow business people present I think we have an important role to play in amplifying the message that the NGOs are broadcasting and in working in partnership I think this private public partnership is a new concept in our part of the world so we have to make sure that the process is right and is successful what we can do we're good at marketing businesses we can hit the fake Islamic State we have to rebrand them why are we espousing their own branding it's about time someone came and said we're not going to call you by the name that you've chosen we're going to call you by what you really are FIS or something like that and that's a responsibility for the media in general what to do what we need to ensure is that their dominance of the airwaves ends and it has to end as quickly as possible the damage that they are doing is not only affecting people in the west and children in their homes they have reframed the understanding of Islam within the Muslim world they haven't hijacked the religion they have relabeled it and the future generations the 5 and 6 and 8 year old kids your children at home who have iPhones in their pockets are exposed on a daily basis to this poison if you don't do anything about it the problem that you see today is going to be nothing compared to the problem that we will see in 10 and 20 years time back to business we have to quantify the cost of doing nothing we have to find out in our schools in our mosques how many people think in an extreme way what's the breadth, what's the depth of that thinking and if we do nothing will the problem jump from a scale of 10 which is the worst possible today to a scale of 20 tomorrow so let's quantify the problem and let's do something about it through a public-private partnership on a regional basis let's x-ray the problem on a country by country basis the needs of Jordan are different from the needs of Kuwait from the needs of Saudi Arabia let's find out what the problem is together from a business perspective and let us beat those people with less funds than ISIS has committed you know, if you ask yourself how did ISIS come to prominence what's their marketing budget and what's our marketing budget and what are we going to do about it I think the business community let's come with innovation let's come with a change in approach and if they are marketing joining this gangster club because you become a hero we have to think what are we marketing what are we selling to the kids and I think if business can join forces with the NGOs to amplify their stories using business techniques and best in class knowledge of the web working with people like Google others with algorithms so that we can actually send this message to those that matter that would be a great great achievement and I hope that the business community will reach within its arsenal of technical knowledge and also speak with let's put our money where our mouth is let's also come and fund these projects in a way that makes measurable difference I think measurable difference is important for the private sector which we would like to echo and that's why we're putting some emphasis on this President Obama Secretary Kerry and yourself seems very committed to that and I had the pleasure of representing the forum at the White House summit in February which was a multistakeholder effort can you say a little bit more about how the US administration is planning to take this forward? The US you are absolutely right the President and the Secretary have really begun an important re-evaluation of our overall approach to violent extremism and I'd like to explain that I'd like to talk about some of the challenges that we see ahead and then I'd like to talk briefly about some of the international architecture and process in which we are participating and of which our conversation is now a part so really lastunga and then the Secretary when he was with you at Davos began to speak about a theme that emerged in the White House summit in which you participated and that is the need to think about the fact that we have invested hundreds of millions of dollars lives, energy and effort in an effort to combat terrorism that is absolutely crucial but an important respects has clearly been insufficient because the problem has continued to spread is what has really led to this internalization within the United States government about the need to address root causes and underlying push factors that have so far not been the centerpiece of the global effort against terrorism and violent extremism and so at the summit the emphasis was on a much broader and more inclusive community to include business partners civil society a much more preventive, proactive positive approach that looks toward issues of socioeconomic opportunity political inclusion relationships between government and communities health of communities themselves so that they can become more resilient to the nihilism and lies and propaganda of terrorist organizations and so the the White House summit I think really epitomized a global a new opening for the global conversation about terrorism one that moved us to broaden our response in very exciting directions now there are some specific challenges that were really highlighted despite the excitement of our conviction that we needed to be getting ahead of the next ISIL and thinking about the next generation challenge and that had to do with a better understanding the need for a better understanding of all of the many variables that lead people to extremism and to think about it both at the level of individual recruitment but also at the level of community engagement so for example we need to disaggregate between ideology that pulls people and different kinds of factors that will be very unique depending on the local circumstance the country, the region the town, the community within the town we need to understand where the primary factors lie because we don't have the resources nor do we have the time to make every country perfect we have to identify the seams and vulnerabilities within our communities and really address concentrated efforts there and so the emphasis on needing to diagnose specifically what the drivers are and then integrating our efforts so that we address all of those relevant drivers for that particular community comprehensively and in a united way that's a really tall order and that requires enormous integration of the civil society organizations that are on the ground working with these communities with the private sector that very much understands and can help drive and expand the futures for these communities with the governments that are charged for the safety of these communities so there are significant challenges ahead but it's very exciting that the global conversation has begun to turn and so following on the White House summit which was just in February there are now a host of regional summits going on I just came from one in Toronto, Albania that was a Balkans regional summit on countering violent extremism there will be nearly a dozen more occurring and you can find them on the CVE summit.org website where you can learn more about the research that's currently been going on and the plan ahead including the specific work that governments have committed to undertaking among those are national action plans that should be undertaken collectively as this conversation has been collective among governments, private sector and civil society and that work, those national action plans the results from the summits will all come together again at UNGA so it's thrilling for me to see the world economic forum stepping in to provide an architecture for the private sector which lacks one and is so essential to this conversation and the events of yesterday and today have only underskored how vitally important this conversation is and how much of a contribution you all can make to this generational challenge ahead of us. Thank you very much and the Secretary Sivold I would now like to go to President Jajarga from Kosovo and European on the panel as well your country has been developing some innovative approaches to deal with this because I think as we said initially this is really a global phenomenon it has to be met by global responses what is your experience and your recommendation. Thank you very much and actually I want to start by saying how pleased I am to join to this world economic forum here in Jordan and to be a part of this panel which is addressing countering violent extremism which is definitely a challenge to our stability it's a challenge to our security and it's a challenge to our growth no matter where we are as a countries physically. I want to start my remarks today by echoing His Majesty King Abdullah remarks at the opening session that to defeat the global assault on peace or the violence and the terror we witness today throughout the world we need a global approach build with security with diplomacy development and the moral leadership and the question is how do we do that as first the work begins at home in our own countries each and every one of us should commit ourselves to strengthen the legitimacy of our state and the legitimacy is achieved through the performance not only double but we should triple all of our efforts to pave our way for innovation and for the investment by removing all of the structural and the practical obstacles that are scaring or scares away the investors the state must be present the state institution should be visible through the provision of the infrastructure of the energy of the water supply of the waste management of the health care of education and of course on the effective fight against organized crime and the corruption the state must also lead the reform process it must be ahead of the curve and in every step of the decision making it should invite the private sector in order to ensure them that will favor all of this reform process will favor the private sector and it will not limit it the state must also be accountable towards its citizens it should allow the citizens to be a part of all of the transition and transformation process that the state is going the citizens needs to be a part of every step ahead of all of these stages and the exercise introduced by the state because we need the ownership and all of these benchmarks will help strengthen the so much needed the feeling of the safety and security that is base to any of the prosperity and the counter-terrorism or the terrorism and extermism can the best live countered by engaging in all the sectors by engaging all the layers of our societies to promote the inclusion inclusion in governance and inclusion in growth opportunities should be equal towards all the citizens and towards everyone no one should be left aside and no one should be kept aside because the vision and exclusions are the breeding ground for the extremism they explode exploit divisions and they exploit also grievances the stories of our countries are the stories of the hardworking people who want a better future for their country for themselves and for their families and we should not allow the extremist or the dark forces or the terror to hijack our vision our vision for the progress our vision for the way forward and our vision for the growth of our country and our citizens and only this way we will be able to empower the individuals to empower the faith leaders to push back and not allow the young people the young boys and girls to join to the terrorist causes and similarly to this is also the international scenes are this type of the events that is a need for the more dialogue there is a need for the more cooperation and definitely there is a need for the more inclusion and this will bring me to the second point we are quite aware and as we see our borders are not anymore a safe answers we are all exposed by the different or the same security challenges whether it comes from the homegrown terrorism or the foreign fighters learn to join the ISIS with the stored ideologies or the financial means and it falls upon us country like ours which are thrived for the multiculturalism and multi ethnicity to context these narratives and it also falls upon the moderate leaders of the faith to rub them from the false interpretation of the religion which they are using as a justification for the violence and for the use of force and we must strongly reject it all of us no matter where we are physically we have to show our commitment to tackle this phenomena to root out the extremism by staying together by working together by cooperating with ours in the diplomacy cooperation in the security and the third is that all of us must make a place or the room around the table for everyone to take the seat I have seen from my own society from my own country that is undergoing the same process of the transformation and transition for the last two decades or three decades in the role and if I may summarize this in three phases we have gone from the war towards the peace from the dictatorship or from the repression towards the democracy and from the state controlled economy towards the market free market led economy and these are the phases in present way takes a lot of time takes a lot of efforts and takes a lot of commitment not only by the leadership but also from the citizens which are the recipient to the other end neither Kosovo neither any country the southeastern part of the Europe or anywhere else in the Europe has been immune towards this phenomena and my country specifically we have a trust in the three fronts as first with the rule of law with an enormous police and intelligence operation which end up bringing behind in the front of justice and behind the bars about two thirds of the foreign fighters which has been recorded in our country that inspires and incites terrorism including the imams in the second front is illegal we are one of the very first country which have initiated the law which forces the sentence up to 15 years for all of the foreign fighters which travel outside of the country for that purpose and the third we are working with different foundations local and international initiatives to address some of the push factors that are making the people to join to this phenomena Thank you very much President Ajaga and thank you also for sharing the experience of a country that has moved out of violent conflict into a stable modern state for the future to be learned from for other states we started with Iraq and I also like to end back to the unfortunately back to the front line of the battle Deputy Prime Minister Saleh Mohamed al-Mutlak what do you take of this what you already heard ladies and gentlemen the participants at the outset I'd like to say that terrorism is not plaguing Iraq alone but rather it will spill over and should it spill over the borders of course it will undermine stability and security across the whole globe and that's why the entire international community has to step up its efforts to fight such a phenomenon therefore we cannot expect that Iraq on its own or Lebanon alone or any other third Arab country for that matter can really fight against terrorism without the help of the international community terrorism and its might and power does not depend on the number of people recruited under one flag like ISIS but rather it derives its might and power from the feebleness of the communities and societies and that's why if they are fortified I mean the societies and communities they will be stronger in the face of terrorism and prevent it from infiltrating that's why justice and avoiding the exclusion of the other and to include all stakeholders in the political process would become instrumental to stop terrorism from infiltration and to keep it at bay and I tell you had our country been fortified shielded well under the shield of justice under the shield of sound political process and had the protesters who have spent a year and a half claiming their rights had all of that happened had they received their rights we would have seen nothing of the like but it's a fact now terrorism is there ISIS is there therefore it's not only our responsibility excluding others we have to share the responsibility there are millions of IDPs you're talking about 3.5 million IDPs as a result of the forced displacement in Iraq and they're suffering very harsh conditions and now they're dying out of hunger and thirst simply because international support and that's why I call upon through this forum the international community and I'm cautioning against an upcoming tragic human tragedy in Iraq and we have to help those millions those innocent millions and their only fault was to stand up against ISIS or they have become controlled by them simply because because certain forces either the military or otherwise have failed to act accordingly be it a military power inside the country or in the neighboring countries to address what's happening in Iraq what's happening what has happened in Iraq is the responsibility of all the countries of the region and not Iraq alone and if all those countries do not support Iraq therefore they will all be adversely affected now Anbar has fell now with the falling of Anbar there is some symbolism associated with it just like Mosul but Anbar is one third of Iraq's square area and ISIS is achieving advances and Iraq needs weapons but no one is supporting us with weapons IDPs are suffering and they find no one rushing to their help although millions of dollars spent here and there squandered here and there and still there are millions of people dying out of hunger in a country that has always offered sacrifices for the best interest of this umma or nation and therefore we need the Arab countries to rally to our support and the area to support Iraq from a military perspective and then to develop a region wide strategy that would delineate the details of getting rid of ISIS and terrorism in general to make a long story short I'd rather say that this country has always been subjected to such calamities as a result of foreign aggression that destroyed its infrastructure and now is suffering something that is extra genius that something that was brought upon it from abroad that's why everyone is invited to support this country to help it stand on its feet again our concern today does not pertain to ISIS and their advances but rather our concern pertains to the post-ISIS era will there be any demographic changes taking place will there be any sectarian tensions taking place all of this can be alleviated if we rush to in an expedited manner to address the situation however if we procrastinate it further this means that we are contributing to the further destruction of the Iraqi cities infrastructure and increasing poverty and suffering and social tensions that might god forbid lead to internal conflict as a result of the tensions and differences prompted by the battles taking place there and prompted by the external interventions in order to implement certain agendas. Thank you very much. Prime Minister Al Motak I think this is exactly the point that we have to address this immediately and in the long run and we can choose either or the only long run and I think what's a very important challenge and I'd like comment from anybody who'd like to pick up on that how do we make sure that what we do today is also constructive in the long run and not laying the grounds for further challenges maybe Mr. Bakit Okay, perfect so I think it's incredibly important to shift from a heart security lens and frame of mind into a preventative and a public health lens what do I mean by that those on laws are not going to end extremism it might contain it, it might punish those responsible but it's not going to end our youth joining these extremist groups with every drone strike, with every war where every terrorist we kill there's 100 more being born and we need to develop a preventive strategy and NGOs the civil society and the private sector can be incredibly instrumental in helping develop those strategies we can operate in real time, we can fill in the gaps where governments cannot and also I just want to make a point one of the important things is governments need, especially in the Arab world they need to include civil society and the private sector into the process there's a monopoly on CVE in the Arab world by the governments and intelligence agencies we just want to tell them we're on their side we're not the enemies here and they need our help because they cannot develop the counter narrative, any counter narrative developed by any government is going to be automatically discredited the NGOs, private sector communities are the ones that are going to be able to develop those counter narratives if they're going to be successful and let me just give you another example Jordan just announced the 2025 vision recently where's the national CVE policy in that vision? in Jordan we have approximately 7% of the population according to the government polls identify that ISIS and Al Qaeda and all these extremist groups represents their views we have approximately the official number is anywhere between 13 to 1500 up to 3000 according to international estimates fighters actually joining ISIS well how about this for a bold goal and a bold vision why not by the year 2125 reduce that number from 7% to 1% why not reduce that number 1300, 1500 or 3000 to 500 or even to zero why aren't all those numbers included in that vision that's because the NGOs, civil communities the youth were not involved and you know whenever I talk to officials I'm going to say another thing probably not going to be speaking again but anyways it's really incredibly sad and heartbreaking for me that today you know I was invited at a breakfast this morning a CVE breakfast and they were represented from Jordanian government and a lot of people from Jordanian society civil activists and so on it's really sad and heartbreaking for me that it took the world economic former for me to be able to sit down and speak with those ministers why aren't we having those conversations among ourselves right now what is holding us back and you know last but not least when we're talking to the governments one thing they always say oh this is going to take a long time this is going to take generations yeah and to echo what's said on this panel the cost of doing nothing we have done nothing in the last 20 years and look what we're seeing today the cost of doing nothing is ISIS so we really need to start right now the time for heroes has always been what will always be right now thank you I assume that thank you very much I will open for a few questions we have just a few minutes but I think I feel there is a question being thought about by many participants which is this I'm a business CEO I would like to help but little me what can I do because this is so complex it's so big and the action I can take will not have an effect what's the answer and if anybody but maybe Mr. Deffar first I think if the if you have that mindset to want to help I think that's that's a very good start I liken this to many orchestras there is a lot happening not only in our region but in many regions we don't need to reinvent the wheel we simply need to align our efforts we need to see the orchestra there is you said you came from Albania where there was a conference like that there was one in New York there are conferences in the Middle East let's align those efforts together and be focused on the problems that matter to each country so the issues in Iraq would be particular to Iraq we need a thorough understanding of what these issues are and then you can get Iraqi companies but also on the regional basis we have to own it I think what you said we cannot do it alone but we must do a lot we must do what we can because we know our problem better than others do and others can give us some guidance maybe some mentoring or some resources but we have to do some heavy lifting and I think what would be useful after the meeting is over if we are able to have another meeting a workshop a coalition of the willing so those who are interested should contact their forum responsible and we will gather again for a day or two and see what more we can do we must keep the momentum we must not go home and do nothing and we will each bring to the table something that is useful to this venture if we need an orchestra we probably need some kind of a conductor as well to bring the thing together we can bring several conductors and then have a master conductor and hope to play the same song ok, the first question is the lady and second row there and please questions rather than comments my name is Raghida Dargham of Alhaya and Beirut Institute and it's okay to ask in English Dr. Vatlaq no, go ahead when you could answer in Arabic the question is for both Dr. Anlawi as well the problem with the Daesh phenomena taking over Alhambar and big chunks of Syria is that it's something that we don't understand yet so who are they, who is backing them what has happened why is it happening so fast are the remnants of the bass are they some other players from outside I guess my question is that and first who are they why is there not enough support as you just said Dr. Mitlaq and in which case are they the same in Syria and Iraq and what do you mean that you're asking people to just come and help us doing God against whom if in fact they are part of our society thank you I suggest that we collect a couple of questions so we make sure that we have the floor first row here, please okay, from Iraq we are witnessing third world war where the primary was weapon that has been used as radicalism there is an international coalition fighting and another international coalition but from a foreign fighters known as ISIS before used to be at aid and the future we don't know what kind of products that the world will produce the question is don't you think it's time to hold countries accountable on the literatures and education that they breathe their children where if you would investigate any of these materials you will find a lot of radicalizing materials that breeding future generation to produce more and more killers and to to inject in the society thank you I had a question from a gentleman here on the fourth row standing there thank you so much this is Samar Mubarak from the University of Baghdad I will pass my question to Mr. Alawi and Mr. Mitraq in Arabic just to make sure they will get it on the right way under my English not under their understanding it's a little French with that as a matter of fact we quite appreciate the fact that you are actively participating in the World Economic Forum during the previous days as we were involved in several discussions the public private partnership and everyone knows in Iraq that the GDP during the previous period was on a downward trend quite notably actually because probably 90% of those items now we use in Iraq it's all imported so we produce nothing which means that there is lack of job opportunities in the country and also this means that we have to transfer foreign exchange and pay it out abroad to import so what's the strategy you have developed in order to cooperate with the private sector to devise a future plan of engaging that sector in implementing projects for the mixed sector unfortunately we have only time for one more question that's the lady two rows behind sorry the lady there has the hands up two rows behind the former speaker and unfortunately there will be no time because we have to stick through please hello I'm Yasmin Chahata from Egypt my question is for the government representatives on the panel one of the main rallying cries for radical groups is always injustice occupation, repression what are the government representatives doing to tackle the root causes that leads people to be attracted to these groups in the first place thank you very much for those questions I think we will now we have now exactly five minutes that means 50 seconds per participant so please pick one question the one you think is most important to answer and I will start with Vice President Delavi thank you frankly the extremism have started since mankind an ancient history and I don't think it's going to end at some stage it's going to continue with us the question is how we are going to minimize and how we are going to control extremism I believe that there are many areas that we should look into but when we talk and speak about the acute phase now we need to think of achieving victory on the current crisis the current cause of disturbance in the region by not only degrading ISIS but getting rid of ISIS it's not easy to lay down the groundwork for the future but believe me in Iraq the reason for what we are seeing is the destruction of and dismantlement of the state of Iraq not only the overthrow of Saddam Hussein but the state of Iraq was dismantled when the occupation started in Iraq then Iraq was put in a framework of sectarianism which is still affecting the society and eating into the society and we cannot really achieve stability of the country unless we embark on a genuine course of reconciliation the rest of the discussions on how to achieve and what to do and how to do it as requires an understanding of the various countries who are allied against extremism but we need to think of the detailed strategies and work on the detailed strategies of this thank you very much we've got three minutes left so President Jayada would you like to say one thing? yes yes just to finish this because I was writing something on the specific point that was addressed from the governmental institution I think we need to address to promote the inclusion to address division and to address also the exclusion these are the main parts that we need to be focused for every countries and I can speak for hours from our own experience and the expertise because my country has been going through the continuous transition transformation for the past two decades especially from this one but no I can make myself available to give some addresses afterwards I think we have to but it's about we start this discussion with a shared responsibility and I think we are at the starting point but we need to think also about the end point about the shared success and I think we have no time to think about organising the events conferences settings I think the time has come to act and now is the momentum that we need to act no matter where we are and we have to be focused on the shared obligation and in the shared commitment as the country and we need to cooperate with each other and we should exclude and keep ourselves away of the political differences and others because my country faces with a lot of political differences with some other countries in the region and we speak about the safety and the security of our citizens I think we should keep this from the side in order to provide the basic thing to our citizens access to the safety and the security we have to move further Deputy Prime Minister if you have one final answering the question about who are Daesh and who is sponsoring them we wish to know who are sponsoring Daesh it is a very, very big question Dr. Amar Moussa yesterday emphasised on that and I also have the same worry who are they who is really supporting them what are the aims after that what are the aims after Daesh what do they want from the region what do they want from Iraq are we going to find the united region as we see it now are we going to see the right countries as we see now or are we going to see something else thank you I simply now have to say that of the three remaining, the one of you who have the most interesting one sentence to say can volunteer half a sentence I delegate my time to my I will say that at the White House summit at the White House summit Secretary General Ban Ki-moon made a very important point he said first of all governments are very responsible in the sense that they have to be careful that their responses to terrorism do not generate more violent extremism so they need to think about how they respond how they use security and intelligence tools the second point that he made was how governments govern will have a huge impact on the spread or lack thereof of violent extremism so governance has now become part of this broader conversation about the underlying root causes I do think that one of the key areas in which the private sector and civil society share a concern about governance is on the question of corruption which obviously has endemic negative impacts on citizens within a given country and it might be an area that one could consider collaborating on in the future anti-corruption initiatives thank you very much, sorry to those of you who did not get the final statement we are Swiss based organizations so we take watches very seriously and the World Economic Forum, bad news is the watch is for good news is this conversation is not over because the World Economic Forum is committed to continue this course in the days and weeks and months ahead because we think it's very important and we think that there is a multistakeholder contribution and we thank you very much to all of you and the General Assembly of the UN will be a next meeting point or one of the coming meetings point where more of this will be taken further