 I'm a Canadian I grew up dependent on American hegemony my whole vision of the world was there was a liberal Democratic state that would do the wrong thing until the end that till the last moment then kind of do the right thing We're in a new world the passage of that American hegemony The emergence of let's be frank and all respect to China a great civilization, but this is a single party This is a single-party state and it's taking us if this is the power power that generates or dominates the 21st century It's an unfamiliar word. I do not think China will be the new Empire But the idea that the world is led by a single-party state Causes anxiety and and in a post-imperial world a post-imperial world is wonderful because we get back to self-determination In my view we get back to the nation state as the driver of politics, but we're we're we're suddenly in a world without the hegemon That used to have an association of democratic values and now we're into a new world I think that produces a great deal of Anxiety and let me also help if I could relieve your anxiety a little bit as you earlier pointed out about The potential for Chinese dominance of the world. Let me say this. I will wager a bet today That in 25 years when we return for the 50th anniversary of the Nesquist Conference That your family That China will not be dominating the world at that time And I'll wager that bet for two reasons one is because I don't believe China intends to dominate The world and and number two is even if they did they would fail at it Because we moved way past beyond the age of dominance I think it's it'll be difficult for anyone power to dominate the world. It's the wrong mindset In my lifetime just in my career peaceful rise has already happened. It's a fact on the ground We went from since I started my career in business. We went from a poor agrarian country To a behemoth that you know that is China today behemoth in every respect. Okay, yet No country has been invaded not a single shot fired No violence and if you look at human history The rise of every power from Athenian Empire to the Roman Empire To the British Empire to America's manifest destiny To the rise of modern Germany and modern Japan Ottoman Empire Every single one of them their rise was accompanied by tremendous bloodshed colonization wars Massacres, okay, and China's rise to date has been bigger and faster than them all I Shared the same admiration we have for the rise of China. I really share it I've been there every year since the 80s and it's amazing But you said rightly that the past issue of empires has been an issue of aggression and supremacy in the end of So those of us who like to study history and political science and sunset Now the rise of China, why would it be different? That's why I came back to my point It's so important that we work together for a world based on rules Also, it's it's in our fundamental interest for mankind that we have China committed and now China says that he's committed and the President Xi Jinping has made a very clear commitment about that in the 1990s even in Davos He came to Davos made that point. So the question is the history shows to us that empires tends to be Assertive sometimes aggressive Okay, now you say to me and I'm sure that you are sincere that China will be different But we have to be sure that we have a sufficient global order that can prevent us from more accidents in the future That is my point