 All right, so Bismillah. Let's begin. So I want to start with So there's a statement of the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him that I think is a good starting point It helps us understand the importance of the prayer And it's a role in a in a believer's life So the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him is recorded to have said The first of a servant's deeds for which he will be taken to account on the day of resurrection will be the prayer so of all the Things we do in our lives the first thing that will be taken to account for will be the prayer if it is sound He'll be safe and successful, but if it is corrupt, he will have failed and truly lost This helps us to understand that the foundation of our entire religious Life is based on the prayer, right? So you have the five-time daily prayer That you if you if you think of you know somebody who Is Muslim for 30 years, right? That's a daily practice that Depends over those 30 years, right that if being done properly Isn't the same prayer in year one that it is at your 10 that it is the at your 20 that it is at your 30 So what we will talk about today is how to perform it properly which might be analogous to Learning how to drive for example, right? You start off with some of the rules you start off with some theoretical things But even if you ace the driving test you still start off as a very conscious and you know Rigid driver, I mean it's only with real practice that you after a while you become very comfortable, right? You're not on 10 and 2 anymore that you can do it and actually start to enjoy the scenery of the drive You could take a scenic drive, but if you take somebody who's you know got their driver's permit There's no way that they're enjoying the scenery They're they're just trying to stay in the lane and they're very nervous, etc so I share that analogy to say Some of the spiritual lights of the prayer might Not be so apparent when you're in your head a lot trying to make sure like oh what am I supposed to do now? What do I do next etc, but just know that like everything else in life that we've learned, right? Once you know it and you become comfortable that it changes the experience itself, so you will get there God willing, right? So this is the most important practice for a believer It's a central pillar of your spiritual life the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him in another Report he compared it to the central pole of a tent You know how the tent is held up by that one central pole if the other ones come out It's okay that the tent will stay standing, but if that central pole isn't there The entire structure can collapse so the centrality and importance so this is As you may know five times a day we take a break from whatever it is that we're doing and we perform the prayer now the prayer is As you might already know a structured devotional act it is something that's revealed to us So sometimes we pray we use the same word in English To pray to God, so sometimes you could be in a difficult situation You just have a need and you pray and you say oh God, please help me. Please grant me this or please heal So and so give them good health, right? Those are prayers, but when we say the prayer kind of with a capital P what we mean is a Structured ritual that was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him by the archangel Gabriel So he was taught the prayer by the archangel Gabriel, and then he in turn taught his followers now you can see Even in you know the Old Testament New Testament you can see references to the prophets of old praying We don't know exactly how they prayed we lot like we can see that they prostrated sometimes they bow You know we have sort of bits and pieces of it But with the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him we have the entire prayer preserved as he prayed And that's quite miraculous if you were to think for a moment And this is this isn't meant in a polemical sort of way, but just more to appreciate what we what we still have I Think that if if Jesus were you know and he will return but when he returns if he were to walk into a church He may not recognize the service as well. He won't say this is what You know me and my my my disciples were doing or this I know exactly what's happening It might look different to him. It would look different and depending on the church. It might look very different to him but the the Authenticity of that original practice has been lost with 2,000 years, right? And you could say the same for Judaism and probably some of the other religions Whereas with the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him I think if based on the records that we have in the reports if he were to come in and see Muslims praying he would he would not Feel that this that he doesn't recognize what's happening or things have changed radically since his time You know there might be carpet instead of straw mats, you know It would be sort of the details, but he would see Muslims lined up in rows Facing Mecca and performing the prayer in in the identical fashion that it was 1400 years ago So that's that's kind of miraculous. I don't know that there's a Founder of a religion whose exact Mode of worship that the exact ritual of the prayer has been preserved for 1,400 years, right? So that's that's that's quite a miracle and it's also a Muslim today you could get off of a plane You could be in China and walk into a mosque and join the prayer and not be confused You could go to a mosque in Indonesia Kenya, you know Russia The any any mosque and the prayer is the same. You don't say what are they doing? This is you know, I'm in I don't know I'm into a mosque in Japan and you don't you say oh, what are they doing here? This must be the weird Japanese way. It's it's the prayer, right? So that's that's that's quite miraculous Particularly when you think about a time before something like the internet which would allow people to communicate When people started to practice the prayer in different parts of the world you give that a few centuries Usually things change if they don't have a strong foundation, but you know And they all come together like in the city of Mecca for the pilgrimage and they can all pray together from all parts They can't speak to each other. They can't have a conversation about Would you like some grapes, right? But they can pray together. So that's that's that's I Think a great miracle. So we're going to cover the prayer In two main parts and that's right on that first page. There's preparing for the prayer and then there's the prayer itself Okay, so the prayer itself. Yes, man. Of course Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes, yes Even in English there is But it's just not used very commonly So in English you the word most people will use is supplicate To when is the one that you ask God can you give me this bless me this bless the food? You know bless my friends, you know, etc But it's it's kind of an older word that most people just say I pray that's that's that but that that word in Arabic is do I That's when you ask God for something and then Salah is the for the daily prayer with the capital People that we're talking about here. That's the you know, the second of the five pillars that every Muslim So that that statement from the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him when he says the first act is the Salah that you'll be asked About on the day of judgment, right? So that's that's the prayer Yes, please So Yeah, yeah, there is so one way we face together, right? So we're facing the same direction But also on the other hand the Prophet Muhammad He said that when you leave space he taught us he said you have to pray close to each other When you get when you leave gaps in the prayer line you that that distance creates a distance in the hearts And so by coming close together, I mean think about this Have you ever have you ever? This is just you know Have you ever seen a friend that you haven't seen in a while and they come and they get excited and they hug you and then the Person next to you they kind of shake their hand. Okay. Hey nice to meet you that difference even just in that physical distance of the hug Creates a different feeling than the handshake, right? So there's clearly there's there's a relationship between the closeness we develop spiritually and The physical distance and so the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon me taught us that praying together Affects the community's hearts That's very important that and that's why there's such an emphasis on praying in groups, right? Because you get more reward because if you're praying together you engender a kind of Brotherhood and sisterhood a kind of bond because you're sharing in this devotion So I mean just imagine somebody's praying three feet away from you versus somebody's shoulder to shoulder with you There's a kind of intimacy there as you worship God together. Otherwise. It's you know Worshiping God as individuals in the same room. So I think that's that's part of the reason But that it does impact that that relationship You're welcome. Absolutely. Yeah, and feel free to ask your questions as they come So we'll start off with the preparation. Okay, so if you think of the prayer as a Sanctified act So I just want to ask has everybody has seen someone pray has everyone seen the prayer, right? So you'll notice in the prayer When somebody is in prayer they're in this they're in a sanctified state. They don't talk They don't write you're in the prayer and then you exit the prayer, right? So you have the prayer is is a closed System so to speak so we're going to talk about what you do before you can enter into that sanctified state so if you think about Particularly for sort of you know an Old Testament that the temple was a place that you couldn't enter without some kind without a purification Sometimes a sacrifice to enter into the presence of God or to be to enter to become closer to God That is a it's kind of a preparation for what the prayer is for us, right? So in order to worship God in this specific way, you can't just Walk into it. You have to prepare. So the preparation This is the part that I'd like everybody to remember There's just there's four things you need to have in order to be able to pray if you do the if you check off These four they're called preconditions You sort of they're kind of like prerequisites that you you fulfill and they're they're right there in the list Number five is just a modifier of knowing when to pray But they're the ritual purity, which is the washings and we're going to talk about that and then having cleanliness Making sure your body and clothes are clean facing towards Mecca and then covering the body Okay, so what we're going to do now is we're going to go into each of these four in more detail Is everybody following me? Okay If you look at numbers one through four number one is probably going to be 80 to 90% of what we talk about Right ritual purity makes up the most of it the washings Once you learn how to do the washings and you understand how they work the other three are actually very Very easy to know and they're and they're more intuitive. Okay? so if you Learn how to perform the washing which we'll cover now The next thing that you'll have to understand is or learn is what things necessitate me having to make that washing, right? so Let's say I don't I'm not in a state of ritual purity, right? And then I wash I perform the woo-doo. That's the ritual washing I perform the woo-doo and now I'm in a state of ritual purity. I can pray I need to know what things would require me to have to make that ritual washing again the woo-doo So we're going to learn both. Okay? Everybody with me so far. Okay. Let's begin. So I'm going to have you guys if you look at the second Page or face of this So the steps are that you formulate the intention and this is in your heart, right? So this is important because intention Is what separates? Washing, you know, let's just say you I don't know you just Played us you just were exercising and so you're and you're about to eat dinner So you kind of wash your hands you kind of wash your face. What distinguishes that kind of a washing? from Woo-doo its intention that you are intending the ritual washing in order to attain that ritual purity Okay, so you just make that intention in your heart you make the intention You begin by saying Bismillah, which means in the name of God, right? So written there for you Bismillah, and then you'll begin by washing your hands three times right and then left You're gonna go up to and including the wrists. Okay? Then you're gonna rinse your mouth three times Okay, and you're gonna switch the water around, you know that Right, you're gonna switch the water around. It's also good if you kind of just insert your finger Just make sure you don't have food particles right something like that We're gonna switch it out three times and then you're gonna rinse your nose So in order to do this you're gonna bring up with your right hand you'll bring up a little bit of water You'll just gently sniff the water right you don't want to snort the water that very uncomfortable Right, so you just want to gently sniff and then blow out right away And so you're cleaning the nose so hands three times right and left and whenever there's two limbs It's gonna be right before left so right then left rinse the mouth three times swishing it around Rinsing the nose three times and then you're gonna wash the face three times now the face It's important to understand right It's from the top of the natural hairline to the bottom of the chin And then from ear to ear this whole area should be washed So whatever we say wash what we what we mean by that is that I'm gonna pour water onto my face And then I'm going to rub right and so everything in this area should be washed So that would obviously include my nose sort of this part that's under the nose my lips Close my eyes right and I would and I would wash it three times Okay, now I Shaved my head my head is bald. I still would wash. I wouldn't say I don't have any hair So this is all my face now. This is still where my head would begin and where My sorry my face would begin and it's where my face would end and ear to ear Now if you have facial hair You have to distinguish between what they what is The scholars call thick facial hair and then thin facial hair So if it's thin such that you could see the skin underneath Right, then when you wash the face you should sort of massage the water down to the skin because the skin is visible The skin should be washed if you have thick facial hair. There's people have you know nice beards, right? I'm I can't grow a nice beard right the thick ones in which the skin is no longer apparent You don't have to massage the water all the way down. You wash it as if it's skin You just sort of wash it as if it's part of the face, right? So then you wash the face three times Now you're gonna wash your arms Okay, arms or limbs, so we're gonna do which side first the right before the left So you're gonna wash from the tips of the fingers All the way down to the to the elbow Now one of the tricky things is if you think about it if you wash your hands like this And if you think about this if you open your fingers You didn't wash in between the fingers and the webs of the fingers So you're gonna use your if I'm washing my right arm I'm gonna use my left arm and I'm gonna you see how I Interlace my fingers like this to get the webs of the fingers and in between the fingers like that, okay? And I'm gonna you know get all the crevices I'm gonna do that three times and then I'm gonna wash the left side three times Okay, from the tips of the fingers up to and including the elbows Any questions up until here? I saw your hand first that is The prophet Muhammad peace be upon him. That's when he did the the wudu. He would do it three times He'd love to do things three times and he said there's a blessing in doing something three times So there's he liked to do things in threes and he liked to do right before left Because there's that there's a kind of blessing that descends in these And these numbers and I think it's also interesting. We have that third time's a charm and as a cultural thing But there's kind of we'd say third time's a blessing probably I think I saw your hand Yeah, I don't know the answer to that. Yeah Yeah, go ahead. Yeah For the will do you mean? Yeah, correct. We'll do it just be with water Yeah, we're gonna Yeah Yeah, if it's what I would say is is and I don't know the different kinds of makeup So I apologize, but if it's it I would just think of it Is it is it something that's a barrier thick enough barrier to prevent the water getting to my skin then? It should be removed and then and then it can be washed underneath But if it's something that you know, maybe doesn't create a barrier to the skin then that might be different But the point is I mean this can happen even outside of makeup Sometimes, you know different different kinds of jobs. You can have like, you know Things get on the skin that create barriers They're sort of like waterproof like for example I had a friend who was a painter and I mean it's just like impossible for him to not have globs of paint every day And he would just sort of really have to scrub to get the paint off in order to make sure the water gets through for the will do Right Again, I would just understand it as a concept Maybe talk to some of the sisters in terms of the best ways to do those things But the water should reach down to the to the surface of the skin in order to wash it and then sorry I think Patrick you had a question and I'll come Great question. Yeah, so the first hand washing is actually more like a preliminary wash to make sure your hands are clean As you do everything else you rinse here But then when you come to this washing you're washing the arm and the hand is part of the arm So the hand gets washed twice and that first one you don't even have to get into the you know The webs and you're not you're just washing the surface to make sure everything else that you do the water is clean Okay Yes Actually, I want to take a step back. That's a hopefully just be a brief comment When you make will do the water that you use Should be what we would just call regular water, right? It shouldn't have any color taste or smell unless it occurs that way naturally So sometimes you ever taste well water that has a kind of a taste to it Or there's a stream that has a little bit of a color to it, right? Or it might have some algae or some, you know, looks kind of coppery, right? The color if it's naturally occurring that way in nature then then you can use that for a little right But otherwise it should be what we just we call water If something were to change the color taste or smell, let's say Let's say I had some water like we're camping right because we were so spoiled We just think of you go to the faucet and you have water. Let's say we're camping and I had some Had a bottle of water and I said, oh I'm gonna make will do later So I have this and somebody comes and they I don't know They put some Supplement in there to make to make like a drink out of it and it changes the color. It's now pink Can I make will do with that water? Right because it's changed. It's probably its color and probably its taste, right? So then I have to get another another bottle of water. Okay Okay, so we're about halfway done, right? So we're gonna review one more time, right? So you're gonna make the intention. Yes, please Yes, great question, right three times and then left three times. Yeah So I'm gonna wash our hands right and then left please Yes, yes Yes, any way that it's occurring in nature you can you can make will do that way Yeah, yes You're asking about the arms, right? Anything that Yeah, and the feet yeah, yeah So typically we do the three and then the three when you wash the hands sometimes, you know, you end up washing hands together But when you do arm and arm and foot and foot Yeah, you would do three on the right and then three on the left. Is that is that what you're asking? Okay, so to review you'd wash your hands three times, right? You'd rinse your mouth three times You'd rinse your nose three times and then you would wash the face three times, right? So you pour and again washing means I'm pouring the water and I'm rubbing the skin I'm not rinse. So if you think even in linguistically we say you rinse something you just pour water on it So I can't stick my head under the shower head and just let water go that that wouldn't be enough I'd have to wet it and then I'd rubbed my face. Okay, and if I have light facial hair I'm gonna massage The water through if I've thick then I'm just gonna treat it like it's my face and like a Continuous a continuation of my face and then the right arm Reminding you guys to sort of interlace the fingers and then the left arm. Yes yeah, I Because the I'll give you the principle and then I do the promise I just don't know what the different kinds of makeups to do, right? I really don't such as if something is a barrier between your skin and the water Then you should remove it in order for the water to reach yeah if And like I said whether that's paint or whether that's made something you put on intentionally or unintentionally, right? If it's a barrier for the water to get there Then when you're not you're not making will do right you're the water you're not washing your face Right, so you the water has to reach the skin and then it has to be rubbed So what I would the part that I will defer to sisters on is sort of the details of it But generally if you feel like the water isn't reaching the skin Then you should remove that make your will do and then pray Does that answer the question okay? So now we've got we've done up to number seven. All right, so we've got three more now if you notice they're in the In parentheses I have wiped for these two things so the head is From the beginning of the natural hairline right even if you even if you shave your head bald Or you have a receding hairline none of that matters It's where the natural hairline would be all the way to the back the nape of the neck right so I'm going to demonstrate here. I'm going to wipe as to what your hands so if I had a faucet. I'd collect water I'm not pouring the water onto my head because I'm not I'm not washing my head I'm wiping so I collect the water and I just let the water fall my hands are now wet So I put my fingers together like this And I just I'm going to wipe like that That's a wipe Okay, all the way to the back if I had long hair, right? I would just pull the pull Around the hair right so I would wipe from the front and then just wipe the end of the hair Okay, one time wiping will always be one time the washings Will are three okay, and we're gonna we're gonna Put an asterisk on some of that shortly So you wipe the hair and that will be Done once and then it's also Recommended to when you wipe back that you wipe front So this is one and two if you just do this that that's enough as well It was something the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him like to do he would wipe backwards and then he would also Okay, you would just you don't you don't want your hands again. You just you return the wipe. Yes No, no, you're yeah, it just you're just wiping the surface because it's a wipe. It's not a wash We're gonna get to the ritual bath the russon and that one it does have to reach the scalp But we'll get to that and then you'd wipe the ears So same thing you'd wet your hands let the water fall off, right? And I have what hands and you'll wipe the ears You're just gonna wipe the outer part of the ears right you put your fingers in here and you wipe like that one time And then the last part is you wash the feet right Foot three times and then left foot and that's up to and including the ankles so the ankle bone Should be washed as well like you should see that part wet the underneath Right should be washed Now in between the toes is not a must the way it is for the hands because We're we have the dexterity in the fingers They're sort of five different digits the foot almost acts as if it's one it's it's Recommended the problem how many pieces bottom used to do it, right? He would he would insert a finger in between the toes, but if you don't do that. It's still a valid Wudu Okay Any questions on just the mechanics the how to do these Okay, I Saw your hand for us for the Wudu or for the bath For Wudu. Yeah, so as long as So what distinguishes Wudu is that you intend it to be Wudu that you are saying I Intend by these washings to attain a state of ritual purity so that I can perform the prayer so that I can touch a An all-Arabic copy of the Quran. There's certain things that you need to have Ritual purity for you have to have Wudu If you do that and you wash these limbs then you have Wudu if you're in it if you're taking a shower for example And you and in the you know, you're done with your shower in the middle of your shower You can make that intention and say, okay. I'm going to make Wudu And I'm gonna make that intention and then you're washing those limbs with that intention. You would you would also have Yeah, I Think you had a question next. Yeah Yeah, they may be yeah Yeah, you can you don't have to but usually from washing your feet even just the rubbing of your hand on the foot it By the third time both should be clean now that what I would say is I Don't know you might have dirty your feet not you as a person But because let's say you're you're doing gardening work, right? And you have dirtier than usual feet like you're wearing sandals You got in the mud or something like that you can wash a fourth and the feet you wash until they're clean And and your hand you can you can wash afterwards as well, but yeah, that's that that's a good question So I want to review this one. Oh, yeah, you did have I'm sorry. No Yeah, we're gonna talk about that. That's that's a great question But I want to answer it sort of in a different context if that's okay So so we'll put that on hold so when everybody close your your your cards your cheat sheets here. All right So what's the first thing we do so I already imagine we walk up to the faucet, right? We're getting ready to make will do. What's the first thing we do? Intention so we're gonna say okay, and it's just in the heart that this is like I'm intending to do this You can't sort of wash your hands wash your face wash your arms like oh my god I'm like halfway through will do let me just make this a will do you can't you have to intend that from the beta This is what I am doing because intention is what what makes everything right especially your worship has to be for God Right, okay, so intention and then what's the first thing? Bismillah, and then the hands we're gonna start with the hands three times and then The mouth three times Swish and right and spit and then the nose lightly sniff don't snort it You'll only make that mistake a couple times, and then you'll be very careful right you're gonna sniff and blow out and then Wash the face three times right light facial hair thick facial hair right and then Arms arms right and left and you're gonna interlace the fingers You know get the fingernails right and then left three times up to and including the elbows You don't stop here. You get the elbow. Okay, and then And what about the head Wipe right so make that distinction right so wipe so what what it I'm gonna do like this get all the entire head Okay, and then back and then ears so what my hands again I'm gonna wipe my ears once once once and then feet Right and then left up to and including the ankles You want to get that ankle bone and underneath and not just the top of the foot the sole of the foot the back of the foot Okay, and then you're done Okay, and then it's good It was a practice of the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him to say the Shahada after the prayer After the Wudu sorry that you finish the Wudu and she had you and that you know how you love all I showed them I'm from the Rasul Allah. That's just a added blessing So now I'm gonna put an asterisk What happens if you forget something you finish the Wudu and then you realize like oh, I didn't do a B or C right? Let's say you remember an hour later right The scholars have identified based on you know Sometimes the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him when he made Wudu he would do it like this Sometimes he would do it like this So one thing is if you if you happen to forget you don't do it three times Right, let's say you realize you didn't wash your arms three times. You didn't wash your feet three times You just as long as you've done one time of a complete washing where the water reached all of it and you rubbed the entire limb It's still a valid Wudu Okay if you forget to Rinse the mouth or the nose It would still be a valid Wudu Okay So what that means is as long as and if you forget to wipe your ears that would be a valid Wudu So as long as you wash your arms at least once you wash your face at least once Right so you guys can forget second and third time as long as I've wiped my head and I've washed my feet Right then it will still be valid So if I if I leave or I run out of water or something and I say I Don't think I rinsed my mouth three times Can I pray? Yeah, I can still pray it's still valid, right? It doesn't have the full blessing, but it's still valid Okay, so it's important to know which things are If omitted or if forgotten would nullify the Wudu and which ones would not Can I ask a question? How many of you have the book being Muslim? Okay So that was that everybody sorry one more time. Does anybody not okay? Okay, so in there There's a there's a footnote that details what happens if you forget which ones can you not forget? Okay, so That's not here on the card Okay, now what things invalidate the Wudu, right? So we got a list right here What are the things that invalidate the Wudu? So they're a list of bodily events or things that That are associated with bodily events so The first two are simply what we'd call using the bathroom. So it's either urination or defecation passing gas The fourth is a deep sleep the reason you'll notice that the you know deep sleep is Something in which it's associated with that you wouldn't know whether or not you passed gas You wouldn't you're not you don't have the awareness of your body's Sort of happenings right so deep sleep so a light sleep, right? So, you know sometimes you're kind of dozen off a little bit your eyes close But if somebody calls your name, you know, I'm here, right? That's a light sleep you would notice if something happened in your body But if somebody calls your name and you don't wake up then that's considered a deep sleep Or sometimes they'll say if you have like a pen in your hand and you doze off and you were to drop it And that didn't wake you up then that's that's a deep sleep a deep sleep would would invalidate the little And then there's What's called pre ejaculatory fluid? So this is when when there's sensual arousal if if anything is emitted fluid is emitted That would invalidate be able to Intoxication now you may know that intoxicants are Forbidden but even a medical until like if you were to get anesthesia for example anything that where you would lose your Awareness of what's going on that's still a type of intoxication, right? So it's a medically induced intoxication psychosis So there are people who suffer from a kind of mental illness in which their awareness of the reality around them is Is impaired they if if they go into a psychotic state God forbid, right? And this happens when they come back in they would have to make will do again because you can't they can't say oh, I Didn't pass gas or didn't you know, they're not aware of themselves Any loss of consciousness so somebody passing out, right? What would also? Sensual touching or kissing with one spouse, right? That would also invalidate the will do if it's not sensual touching or kissing if it's You know, hey, could you hand me that and they hand that to you or they kind of you know Running out of the door kind of a peck on the cheek, right? That are kind of the way that you might even kiss your mother for example or your father, right? That's not sensual that doesn't create arousal now if one is aroused by something like that Then that would invalidate the will do but there's you know, there's not all touching between spouses Would be arousing and then the 10th applies to a man, which is If if you touch the the the penis the private part with the palm of the hand not the back of the hand wouldn't Invalidate the will do but the palm side would Okay, so these are the 10 things That if they were to happen They would take you from a state of if you had will do that you would go into what's called minor ritual impurity So do you guys see this? Triangle over here. So this is I think a very useful diagram You have to be at the top in that white triangle in order to make will do it sorry in order to pray Sorry if you have if you see that left side the invalidators of will do will take you down one level Right, so if you had to use the bathroom you urinate or defecate or something like that Then you need will do in order to pray again in order to be in a state of ritual purity Okay, but there are things that would cause you to go into a state of major ritual impurity So that's what we're going to talk about next but before we do I want to pause and say We have any questions about the invalidators of will do Yes Yeah, so there are Yes, so there are If you are wearing some kind of you know that so the scholars differ on this if you have a sock that is somewhat thick Right, you know sometimes like men's dress socks can be pretty thin And if you want just sort of a ballpark of the thickness or thinness if You spilled water on your foot would your foot get wet? Or is the is a sock thick enough that it's kind of water resistant I'd be waterproof where you could put it in a river right but as we water resistant So if it's thick enough to be water resistant And it's high enough that it covers the ankle and it covers the entire foot There are some dispensations from the scouts that you could wipe over if you had will do when you put it on Right, so I have will do I'm going out to work or I'm camping or you know And I have these really nice thick sturdy socks and they go above my ankle. I put them on If I lose my will do I Can and I make my regular will do I can wipe over the foot by wiping the top and the sole of the foot together Yes, you're right about that. That's that's an exception that that's that can be made But you have to have had will do when you put it on No, and then if you take the sock off, then you can't put it back on and then correct. Yeah You can it would also have to cover the ankle So it's any kind of foot gear that goes above the ankle But then you'd have to you couldn't take that off then to pray, right? Yeah, yeah, if you let yeah, so if you're doing it with Yeah, exactly. Yeah, yes, absolutely Any questions about the invalidators, I think they're pretty straightforward Again, these are bodily functions that usually have to do with you know, the two exits of the human body and then the you know the other aspects of falling asleep losing consciousness psychosis sensual touch, right? Those things so if any of those happen, then you have to make will do again in order to pray You guys ready to go to the next, okay? Yes grace. Yeah. Yes No, you could but you can do anything that you do afterwards is fine So you could eat you could brush your teeth you could do that doesn't invalidate the will do You can do it before or after it wouldn't impact your will do at all. Yeah, so I wouldn't say you can't because I don't want you to think that if you Pause to brush your teeth for two minutes in between that that would invalidate your will do that wouldn't invalidate But they would just be two separate acts So if you're in the middle of making will do and you're rinsing your mouth and then you pause and you say And you brush your teeth and you know like a minute or two, right? Not a long time you can't take you know more than like a five to seven minute Interruption in the will do and then you went back to washing your nose, you know rinsing your nose washing your face That wouldn't invalidate the will do Generally most people will do either do it before or after they'll just say okay You wake up in the morning brush your teeth and then they make will do or they'll make will do and then brush their teeth But the order wouldn't matter and if you did it in the middle of it that that would be fine as well Yeah, sort of while you're rinsing your mouth Okay So now we're gonna talk about The ritual bath. I'm gonna do this in the reverse order for will do we talked about will do first and then what? Necessity like the the things that invalidated will do now. I'm going to talk about what things work mean That you need to make a ross or the ritual bath. You need the full bath and then we'll talk about how to perform that bath Okay, so there are four things that would necessitate a full body bath Okay, two are specific to two women and they have to do with you know The uterus and then the other two are common to both men and women. So the first is Menstruation and so when we say menstruation what we mean is menstruation that ends So a woman during her menses does not she's not required to pray And so she as long as she has menses. She cannot attain ritual purity in that way So it's once it ends Right, so I don't want somebody to think that if you have your menses for every prayer you're making the bath No, it's what you're you're you're excused from the prayer during the menstrual period And it's also forbidden to have intimacy with with one spouse in that time and then you After the end of the of a woman's period and they're different women women tend to know their bodies if they're older And they've had several periods If they're a young girl, and they don't know they're they're very irregular periods That gets a little specific and maybe we if you have specific questions Maybe you can ask later if you don't feel comfortable asking in front of the group I'd be happy to try to answer those but once the period is over Then you would have to take the full bath and it's the same for postpartum bleeding Right a woman after she gives birth Tends to have bleeding for a period and then when it ends she would make the bath in order to be prepared the second sorry the third is ejaculation and The the fourth is penetration So both the husband and the wife, and I'm going to assume that these are always a lawful Right setting sorry husband and wife being intimate with one another even if There is not orgasm and ejaculation Right, and I just want to be very clear about these things So I apologize if people aren't used to discussing these things but in educational settings We sort of don't use ambiguous terms in euphemisms because somebody might misunderstand. So I'm gonna I'm gonna speak directly and clearly It if in intimacy Husband and wife there's penetration even if they you know Something interrupts them and there is not Orgasm or ejaculation that still wouldn't necessitate a bath and then even if there is orgasm and ejaculation without penetration that necessitates The ritual bath. Okay, so these are the four things Now I want to talk briefly about Ellen do we have a copy of being Muslim here would you mind grabbing it for me I want to be able to refer to a page number that you guys can look at later So with each of these things so I want you guys again to look at that this pyramid or the triangle when you're in a state of minor ritual impurity There's certain things that are forbidden to do right. So it's forbidden to pray If you have minor ritual impurity right because you don't have will do and you haven't fulfilled the prerequisites So it would be sort sacrilege to engage in the prayer without will do It would be forbidden to touch a an all Arabic copy of the Quran So if it's an Arabic in English, you can touch it Right and then have you guys ever seen people circling the Kaaba and Mecca, right? You need will do for that Right, so if you don't have will do it would be forbidden to do that But then there are things that while you're in major ritual impurity They're also forbidden for you. They include everything that's forbidden with minor ritual impurity I'd lend if you can't find it. Don't don't don't worry about it. I can okay You do okay. Yeah, all right. I just want to be able to give you guys page numbers to refer to So We break them up in terms of what you cannot do while you're while you have a state of major ritual impurity It depends on the cause. So let's talk about what we'll call the The bleeding. Thank you so much. Does that go off? I'm sorry to make you walk. Thank you Patrick All right, so yeah, so page 53 just for your reference covers this and then 48 so just if you're taking notes, you can just kind of refer to them 48 says things that are forbidden in a state of minor ritual impurity the minor that the middle level is the prayer Salah Circling the sacred house the Kaaba and touching a hard copy of the Quran that is the only the Arabic Now when we get to major ritual impurity What's forbidden depends on the cause? so with menstrual bleeding and postpartum bleeding Intimacy is forbidden for both husband and wife. It would be sinful and then if you have Major ritual impurity that's through intimacy meaning penetration or ejaculation, right? Then it would become forbidden to recite the Quran Right to recite the Quran becomes forbidden now What I mean by that is so if because that that those are that's sacred That's the sacred scripture. That's that's God's word So you can recite it if you have a state of minor ritual impurity So if we don't have wudu and I say hey, let's read the Fatiha, right? Let's practice that then then then you could do that, but if you have major ritual impurity from Penetration or ejaculation you cannot recite the Quran So kind of woman who's on her period. Can she recite Quran? Yes, this is a this is the point that I want to get to right I Really wish I could project this here, right? So think of it like this There's two main things to think about can you recite Quran and can you be intimate? Bleeding says you cannot be intimate during this period Right, but bleeding does not forbid you from reciting Quran Penetration and ejaculation forbid you from reciting Quran, but they don't forbid you from being intimate, right? What which I hope is intuitive, right? So you if if you're intimate you can continue to be and you don't have to say we have to you know Right, so think of those as two different Now both of those groups have to perform the ritual bath in order to pray But when they're in the state of major ritual impurity, they there's different things that are forbidden to them So if a husband and wife are intimate then they shouldn't recite Quran until they perform the ritual bath But if a woman is menstruating she can recite the Quran Because it's a different cause Yes Yes God says in the Quran that that's a time that is it's not clean to be Intimate with one another and so and it's unhealthy as well And so God says don't don't be intimate now when I mean intimate, I mean intercourse, right? Husband and wife can still you know touch each other, you know like that. I'm talking about Sexual intercourse here, what would be forbidden? Yeah, and it's not just until the end of the menstruation It's until she takes a ritual bath. That was it then it becomes permissible And it's also I mean there's a there's a great mercy in this right many women have pain and discomfort Many women. I mean there's like some women really suffer during their their menstrual periods And so they they don't have to pray their excuse from the prayer, and then it's also a time in which Men and women just Refrain from intimacy Yeah Yeah, and I can if you guys have questions that you don't feel comfortable Asking in front of the brothers that I can I can try to answer those but makeup I just don't have any experience with thank God. I don't Nowadays you have to clarify right you got to say I don't I don't have any experience with makeup go Yeah, yeah, depending on what the questions are absolutely But I'll even make myself available to try to answer a few of their straight forward. Yes, awesome Yeah, the bath. Yeah, yeah, yes Yeah, then it's just considered that it started again that would be okay, so you would just sometimes no No, because some some women some women have also Also because some women have their period comes in segments they will have interruptions Sometimes for two days they'll have bleeding for a few days, and then it stops for two days And then it comes back and some people are very irregular periods So that's normal. So if she feels like the bleeding has stopped She would take her also to make the bath she would pray and then maybe a day or two later It resumes again. Everybody's body is different So then she would she would know how her body is is going and say, okay My period is back again or or or it's gone Yeah, then that's excused. Yeah. Yeah anything generally anything That you don't you're unaware of okay, you're excused from the perspective of a sin. It's not sinful You may not be excused from the responsibility So for example, let's say we were talking earlier about the barrier of water to the skin Let's say I was painting because we use that example and I had a large patch here And I made will do and I prayed and then the prayer time lapsed and I prayed two or three prayers We're all praying together and somebody says to me I said your arm You've got a big blotch of paint on that backside that you can't see I'm not in a state of sin That I didn't pray with a proper will do but I'll owe the I'll have to make up those prayers My responsibility will still be there So I'll remove the paint and I'll wash the arm and I'll make will do again And then I will repeat the prayers that were with a Invalid noodle so because I didn't know I'm excused from the burden of the Sin, but I'm not excused from the responsibility of performing the prayer properly, right? So sort of like I don't know Some you know, I mean you can kind of think of it that if you didn't know You know like in the law you can say I didn't know that this was a you know get pulled over for speeding So I didn't realize this was afford that the police officer doesn't care you're gonna get that ticket, right? But so it's not like that you don't have the burden of the sin But you can sometimes think of maybe like a professor Assigned some things. Oh, I didn't know that that we had to do that I thought that was optional and the teacher says oh, you know, that's that's fine, but you still it it wasn't optional I won't mark you off for turning it in late, but you still owe it for example So maybe something a bit more like that. So you wouldn't have the sin, but there are sometimes you can still owe something Yes, so I understood what you said about menstruation and sort of Excuseal or the Excuseal from the the salat as a mercy. Yes, but another way to that I'm struggling With that is that you know, it is salat We think of it as it's an opportunity to connect with God, right? So in a sense the Not being able to do it for potentially a quarter of your You know menstruating yours Feels exclusionary and I'm wondering if you can just help me think about yeah that yeah Yeah, that's that's that's a good question You know, there's there are many rulings in the religion that vary by age vary by Even income They vary by gender they bear there's all of these variabilities And so one of the great mercies from God is I think that he hasn't created one standard for everybody and he hasn't created one pathway for everybody and There is actually what what what we find is that there are Different Opportunities for everybody. So what do I mean by that if you think of so for example, there were some of the Impoverished companions of the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him. They said these people give charity all the time and we can barely feed ourselves We don't give to give we don't get to give charity for the sake of God They felt excluded they felt that they didn't have access to this and then the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him He said, you know, even a smile in your brother's face can be charity, right? Even a removing harm from from the road can be charity. He expanded people's understandings of what charity is and what he Teaches us through that is that how you deal with the the cards God gives you to not have money Then you have to be patient You have to be Grateful for the little that you have etc. All of us are going to have different paths We saw what I think we like to try to understand some of the Reasonings that God does things but the reality is we don't fully understand human nature. I think that there is a a an extent to which When a woman is menstruating To wake up in the morning can be difficult for some people To stay up late for the night prayer can be difficult for some people I Think that there's still that is the feeling that Especially if women have a longer period like a week or longer that they will start to feel a hunger for the prayer Right and I know this from female relatives that once they wash They reconnect with the prayer in a much stronger way. They don't take it for granted the way that the men who are praying all throughout are So there's there's something different women's bodies their their entire Is almost has a seasonal a monthly Like a lunar flow to it in which the soul is doing different things at different times and it's open to different things at different times So it's not exclusionary in the sense of you There's many ways to grow closer to God and you can increase in your your your invocation your ticket your do I there's all of these other things And and I think it also allows a woman once she is praying That there's a kind of sweetness and an access and I'll give you a small example because I don't you know I Guess it has to be said nowadays, but I don't know what it's like to Have a menstrual period, but I have a small inkling of what that might be like. I had an injury And I and I couldn't pray I Couldn't pray normally and I remember thinking to myself if I don't get to prostrate again I'm gonna I'm like I'm gonna lose my mind like I want to I want to put my foot You know to pray like this, you know So if you have an injury and you can't prostrate on the ground you just sort of lean And so when you feel this like deprivation of like oh God like I want to get I really want to prostrate to you, right? Once that happened and I again I went for years prostrating and it just felt very normal but the deprivation opened me up to an appreciation of something and As soon as I had enough strength even my family said whoa, you're really pushing yourself You know like I you don't understand I want to put my forehead on the ground Like I really want that and I missed it and I and I and I wept the first time like after this injuries Oh, thank you Lord, you know like if if if you took me before I got to do this again I you know, I I would have been truly deprived so in there that God has his wisdoms We don't we don't understand everything, but we do know that God Doesn't deprive anyone and he gives people different opportunities and different tests and different ways to grow and different ways to connect And he knows us best And although sometimes we can glean some understandings of divine wisdom in the end there they're human attempts But there's you know, what what what I will say is this it's a very important principle to know that God knows us better than we know ourselves, right? If you think of anybody here have teenagers Right, okay, so you realize that there's this they reach a point where they feel like they know everything, right? And it becomes very hard for them to take advice from somebody who has more life experience Like you're going to change your mind about this if you just you get another decade or two of life experience You're gonna feel very differently If that's how it is just with human understanding, right that 20 years, right? And and this teenager just really because they're comparing themselves to how they were when they were 12 or 13 They're like I've figured it life out. I know everything You can tell I have a teenager You if that it's that's how human understanding can change with just life experience and there's a kind of If I don't get it then it can't make sense that the teen the teenager feels that way if I if I don't understand it Then there's if I don't agree with it and that's just human understanding. So what and that's just with a parent What about the grandparent and that teenager the number of years and the wisdom and somebody say oh You're gonna feel differently or you don't really know what life is like or you don't know and so that so what about divine wisdom? Right and prophetic wisdom So I think there there is a sense in which we can say Let's try to understand divine wisdom, but the reality is we're all just these are just attempts even everything I just shared with you. These are just attempts God knows what he is doing and we know that God Here's the thing. I actually think if you want me to be very honest. I think men are spiritually disadvantaged like if if if The object is to grow closer to God and you have to be kind and forgiving and Merciful and compassionate. I think women have an unfair advantage. I really do think so Generally men will have more temper problems. Would you would you agree gentlemen? generally They're like, ah, I'm seeing somebody ah Yeah depends on the depends on the day, right? But generally right who has been being compassionate, right? Being merciful Right, it comes more instinctively and natural to women. So if men and women have their own challenges There are things that men Come more naturally and again, I know nowadays it's out, but that's not true I know a woman, you know, we're talking about human nature as God created it outside of the individual people who have their their own makeup and their own life experiences, but if we don't see the beauty of the feminine as Different than the masculine then we lose something and the beauty of the masculine as different from the man God says in the Quran that he made the masculine the male and the female as signs of God So you don't marvel at the beauty of each And you say, oh, they're just the same then then then I think you lose something So I know that was a really long answer that didn't really answer you And even that variation of what you're focusing on I think has an advantage, right? And then whereas men it's it's just the same Right. Yeah Yeah, yeah, absolutely. I mean, that's there's a hadith of the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon it where he says that that the that the womb was that that God says that the my The name for the womb the word for one is derived from my name of the all-merciful Ar-Rahman, right and so whoever severs the ties of the womb Right because if you notice they're not called the ties right kinship ties are called the tie the bonds of the womb They're not called the bonds of the father or whatever. It's it's the ties of the womb then God he's severed from God God severs of the relationships with him. So definitely there is and if you think about it, it's the Seat of God's creative force in the world. There's something I mean woman comes from womb man like it's the womb, right? So there is something definitely Powerful and there's something special and unique there And so that's why God has created certain rulings about it and even medically, you know hormonal change there's all these things that change and it's something that affects a woman's entire being For a period of time. You had a question Yeah Yeah, if you do it knowingly, right? Remember how we talked about if you do something unknowingly You'll be absolved from the sin But if I know that I don't have will do and I get up and I perform the prayer that would be sinful In that correct it would be sinful. That's I'm glad you're asking why? Because it's like remember I was using the analogy for like the Jewish scripture Old Testament to enter the temple without proper purification You just sort of waltz in there, right? And you're like, you know, it's kind of I mean we think of it There's certain settings certain restaurants you can't eat in without a proper dress code There's certain there's a certain if you don't respect and show the proper respect to the setting of the state of Sanctity of the prayer then that that's that that becomes sacrilege at that point now again We're talking about intentionally if you thought you made will do and you had the blob of paint right that blotch of paint That's that's a different but yeah, so it so if it's the proper the the five time a day proper prayer if you don't fulfill the Pre-requisites if you're not in a state of purity that would be sinful if you do the dua like the supplication You do the decade you do the other things that wouldn't be sinful So any even a man who again either had intercourse or fell asleep all of these things anybody who doesn't come to it with its proper Respect of the ritual purity that that would be deemed sinful and again intentionally because we all Everybody has forgotten and made a mistake and things like that one more question that I'm gonna try to move on for time Go no, no, please That's a really good question I'm gonna come to that Yeah, to use a bidet so I want to come to that afterwards because that comes in the You know number two is ritual cleanliness. That's for cleaning the body. So so so we're gonna come to that So now we're gonna go through the ritual bath Okay, so the ritual bath. It's called the Wilson and Arabic and again If you don't if you're struggling with the Arabic terms just the ritual bath The ritual bath is anybody who's in a state of major ritual impurity if they just made will do Would they be would that suffice them if you have major ritual impurity? No, you need the bath, right? You guys are looking at that the triangle diagram, right? So to get from the bottom to the top it requires a bath So we're going to look at it here. So essentially You would begin with the intention, right? Let's say you're in the shower. You'd make the intention You would begin by removing any filth and we're gonna talk about filth shortly, right? But bodily fluids is the easiest way to think of it. I'm gonna remove bodily fluids and then you'd wash the private area and Then you would start with the limbs of Wudu. So you'd wash the hands you'd rinse your mouth and nose You'd wash the face you'd wash the arms but instead Right when you get to the head if you notice it says wash the head not wipe it You'd wash the head three times. This is where water has to penetrate down to the scalp and The same for the beard remember how we said thick beard thin beard for the rosa You have to water has to penetrate all the way down to the skin for both the head everywhere You have to penetrate the skin. So what happens if a man or a woman has longer hair and it's tied into like a braid Do you have to undo the braid? The question that is sorry that the answer to that question depends on how tight that braid is So, you know sometimes and I this is mostly for the women I've seen like, you know when we kind of thick hair and a really thick braid That's so tight that if you put it under a faucet and pulled it out the middle of the hair would still be dry It's so if it's like that then she has to open up the braid to allow the water But if it's something that it's a loose braid that it soaks Then she could just soak it in the water and sort of massage it to get all of the water in you'd wet all of the hair and Make sure the hair gets to the scalp that that would be enough. She wouldn't have to undo it every time Okay So then you'd wash the hair and the head three times and then you'd wash the rest of the body so For the roso it's literally the entire body top of the head to the bottom of the feet is going to get washed Right, so then you'd wash the neck. Sorry the mic's right here. You're gonna wash the neck the front The side the back you get behind your ears, right? You'd wash the chest and everything that you would do you do right before left side wash, you know Like right torso and then left torso the upper arm would get washed Right and get the back you have to get the back And if you have problems reaching the back some people are there just because of their body size or an injury Sometimes we have a shoulder injury you can use like a cloth or something or a Brush to reach back and you wash the back you'd wash the The the upper the buttock and upper thigh right right and the left and then the calf and then the feet last Now for the feet you you would get in between the toes now as You as a as an obligation remember when I said for will do I said it's optional You can wash between the toes for the roso head to toe everything gets washed all the crevices Okay, and then that would be That'd be done. You'd be done with the bath. Yeah Remind me your name make it if you guys wouldn't mind every time you ask a question. You can remind me your name I'd like to try to learn. Yeah make them Yes, you should yes, yeah But for both of them if you forget it would still be valid But Bismillah brings the blessing to the entire thing. Yeah Yeah, yeah I'm gonna get back to you on that. Yeah Yeah, let me get back to you on that. That's a good question. I just don't know the answer because there's also there So there's sometimes differing opinions. So I let me get back to you on that all sort of research. Yeah, so Just a review we now have talked about will do how to make it What invalidates it and we talked about what puts you in a state of major ritual impurity Necessitating a whistle and then how to make the whistle. Do you guys feel comfortable so far? Maybe not memorized everything That's okay But you feel comfortable in terms you understand it if you go go back home review this a few times you'd feel comfortable Okay All right, and then and then maybe what we'll do is well I'll kind of go through a full little with you guys Yes, remind me your name Katerina Yeah Yeah, if you haven't had any of those four things happen the two types of bleeding and the two sort of intimacy thing You just take regular show every day you wake up take your regular shower Right, but if the one one of those four happens and with the bleeding It's the end of the bleeding then you should make an attention and you know look you might take a shower, right? I don't know. Maybe you don't undo a braid in a regular shower I don't know some people don't shampoo. They don't wash their hair with every single shower So we would do body, you know those are just those are for Worldly cleanliness. It's just a wash, right? But if you're doing the Russell then this is the proper way to do it other showers you can do however you want Yes No, because you still have to make will do before you pray. Yeah. Yeah But so here's a good question so I Need to make I'm in major ritual impurity Right, and I make I take the ritual bath the Russell and I'm about to go pray But then I go and I and I use the bathroom. What do I need to do anything? You need to do will do that's it right doesn't doesn't take you back. Yeah, okay So now we're gonna move to I told you this was like 90% of it was ritual purity Right, which is will do and the ritual bath and the reasons that you have to do both of them Okay, so and again, I encourage everyone to reflect on Bodily cleanliness before you enter the prayer this ritual purity before you enter before you even begin to worship God What is that a metaphor? What's what? What is that teaching us? You have to purify yourself? before you can Come closer to God, right and that tells us spiritually what we need to do, right? So even there's many of us cleaning the body is the easy part then we come in and we have jealousy and Hatred and anger and we have all of these spiritual diseases The whole point is if we want to get closer to God we have to purify ourselves in order to get nearer Okay, so the second thing is the ritual cleanliness So I want to distinguish here between purity purity is the one that has the ritual washing It's will do and the ritual bath the russad cleanliness has to do with the body. So Here's where the distinction is and I want you guys if you can look on the third panel The that bottom part ritual impurity Verses the physical filth. So when you have a state of ritual impurity if you're looking at me right now Do you can you tell whether or not I have will do Can you tell whether or not I need a russad? You can't it's a status. It's immaterial It's I perform something and I'm in this state now Could you tell if I had clothing that was unclean? By looking at me you could Could you tell if the area that I'm about to prey on is unclean? You could because now we're talking about something. That's there's a substance there. That's what the second category is dealing with Okay, so ritual cleanliness. So again third panel or I'm looking at this middle part here Ritual cleanliness is that you have absence Of filth from the body on your physical body clothing and the area that you're going to pray in Okay, so what's filth? We're going to get to that here shortly There are substances in In Islamic law right ritual law that are deemed to be filthy Okay, these substances if they're on your body on your clothing or on the prayer area You can't pray Okay, that's I'll use in either easy ones are urine and feces. That's why these are these are impurities All right, those are very easy and imagine can you pray if if if you're if you had some on you? No, right? so What does that mean to go back to? Mami your name Maybe this question After we use the bathroom after you urinate or defecate. It's very important Prophet Muhammad peace be upon me taught us ways in which you ensure That you're clean after you're done, right? So for example After you urinate particularly for the men, right? There's there's extra steps that you take to ensure all of the urine is out of the body, right? and even for men you would you would you would You would shake and squeeze the genital to make sure all of the urine is out and then it's and then you'd wash You'd use a little water or you'd wipe over it to clean it and then also with With defecating with what we commonly call it to you know number two, right? That you would clean that area you'd make sure that nothing is still stuck to the body and it's and it's You should use water there as well Okay now There are Instances in which you could use something like toilet paper, right? So for example, if you if you didn't have access to water, it's always better best to use water So let's use that that's why the days and hoses I mean if you go into the bathroom here There's always water sources available and Muslim culture even if they're in the middle of the desert They try to secure water sources to wash And I something I've always found very interesting is like people are obsessed with keeping babies clean like there's wipes There's all there's like tons of devices you can get to make sure once a baby Uses the bathroom that they're clean as a whistle and then as adults. It's it's something that we become lax and one of the things that we believe is That demonic forces that demons are actually drawn to filth and And and so if you don't clean properly, right? Then then you you can invite those those sort of satanic forces around and and Angelic forces in turn are drawn drawn towards cleanliness and beautiful smells That's why the mosque is always kept very clean and they'll perfume it and they'll do all of these things That's why perfume is such a big custom and it's a practice of the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him so these things are I think a large part of How we understand filth so These substances should be cleaned when after using the bathroom if if one were and I'm gonna get a little detailed here So I apologize if this is a lot to take in but If a man if a if a person defecates, right? Has a bowel movement and it's not Like what diarrhea that's spread everywhere if they don't have water It's it's sufficient to wipe with a dry substance like toilet paper It's better to use the water But if they don't have that you as long as it's dry and has it spread beyond that opening and However, if it's spread or it's loose or something like that then you have to wash that area And then for women when they urinate they should always use water men when they urinate Because of the difference in the Anatomy they can use a dry wipe again. You still should always use water if available Very common to see Muslim sort of like at work kind of keep a bottle that they use to take to the bathroom, right? But yeah, it's just water is fortunately very available, especially in a bathroom, right? We're not using outhouses that are like very far away from a water source So this is unfortunately something much easier to do So if filth get so we talked now about cleaning yourself after Using the bathroom, but if filth gets on the body, so there's other substances that are deemed ritually impure, right? So beyond urine and feces blood pus Vomit, and you can kind of just you can sort of undersk you don't yeah, you can tell what what would be ritually impure But what isn't? Is something like mud? We might be out in the yard working and get muddy right and have somebody say oh Don't don't you bring those filthy shoes in here? That's not you can still pray in that because that's pure, right? so we might see it as dirty and In a sort of purely worldly sense, but it's not impure in a ritual sense So a man who's a farmer and he's in some like rice patty field or a woman who's you know, whatever it might be They they would be they can pray in that they don't have to sort of get all of that off Okay, so you have to make sure that your clothes are clean Your body is clean and the immediate area that you're praying in is also clean and So if you if you if you have a piece of clothing that's soiled or Area that's soiled with some kind of filth blood or pus or vomit out all these gross things You wash it with water or you throw it in the washing machine, right? Even that suffices that that becomes that becomes pure again The third is Facing towards mecca that one is pretty easy. I hope right so yes Katerina. Yes Yes, correct Yeah cleaning with water only makes your body clean. It's removing the filth That's number two that you have the cleanliness, but you don't have ritual purity Right, that's a very good question. So these are two different areas Think of one as the ritual purity status that triangle and the other is looking at your body Something somebody else can see All right, so facing towards mecca what this means is that your chest is Facing towards mecca right if you're off by a little bit right such that if you could imagine The direction of mecca is here if I'm off by a little bit. It's still valid But if I find out that my back is towards mecca that would be invalid. Okay And then the last is covering the body the fourth Covering the body is something that differs for men and women. There is a Minimum that should be covered inside the prayer which is different than what has to be covered outside of the prayer for example so for so for men the Minimum that must be covered Is and this is what must be covered So it's recommended to cover that the shoulders and the torso for men But the minimum would be from the navel to above the knees And again for you know, we also have to think about This is for like all times all cultures all we're talking about, you know again people in the pre-modern world who Sometimes they didn't have a lot of clothing and working outside And you know so having shirts off was something that was very common if people were working So that's the minimum although it's a dislike to pray without covering the shoulders and the torso for men But it still would be about for a woman. She would cover also the hair the head The face would be exposed and the hands would be exposed and then The feet can also be exposed Okay, although there's kind of a difference of opinion so And so you would cover that and that those that Those clothes would have to be clean sort of a clean clothes And so if we did all four things right so we made will do that's one Then we face mecca. We are covered our nakedness is covered. We're appropriately covered And then our clothing our bodies and our prayer area are clean. We've gotten those four We're now ready to enter the prayer Okay, so that's the preparation for the prayer. We're done with that All right We'll take questions for a few minutes and I'll kind of want to take a stretch break You guys up for a stretch break and then we'll dive into the prayer inshallah Remind me your name chat. Yeah, I mean it would be disliked, but it would still be valid So again, we're talking about like if you're at home I really don't think you have an excuse for prayer without a shirt, right? Just generally I think even nowadays But we're talking about if someone like I said, you know some labor in a rural part of something, you know Where it's very customary That that would be okay again that person actually what what what is common in Muslim cultures even in those societies If somebody was a labor outside doing it is they still would have a prayer shirt that they would bring So they had a shirt and they would still do that if they didn't have that they would still be a valid prayer, correct Yes Daisy Yeah, I would just say try your best, but a little bit showing doesn't invalidate the prayer Yeah, I wouldn't worry about that Yeah, so just I You know, I think it's one of those things that you try to strike a balance between don't blow it off, right? So you're still trying and then you kind of don't have to Overly concern yourself with that But the scholars do talk about small amounts showing, you know are are okay The areas that are sort of more sensitive. You just make sure those are covered, right? But I mean even if you think of it's like a Woman's hair might show this much in the prayer. Does that like, you know, she just the way she put her scarf Does that mean the prayers invalid? No, right? It's just you know, she's covering her hair It's just a little imperfect. So these things, you know, one of the things I always say is, you know God is not like the IRS Right. Yes. Yes, you should cover the neck. So We'll take a five-minute stretch break and then I want a show of hands. So knowing how to perform the prayer is Relatively easy. I mean, you know, it will take time, but you'll get there I would say the hardest aspect of it is the memorization component, particularly if you're not familiar with the Arabic So today the the Fatihah. Does that you guys know what the Fatihah is the opening chapter of the Quran? Okay. So the Fatihah is the first chapter of the Quran. If you open up your cards It's the if you go to the blue side. It's the leftmost Page here the recitation. It's chapter one the opening That is an essential part of the prayer to memorize So we've got some volunteers today to try we're gonna break up into groups If you want some help memorizing and pronouncing it you may not get it memorized today But we're gonna try to you know instead of just doing pure theory We said let's break up and maybe do some help with people to to do Memorization so I'm gonna ask if you guys are comfortable and I really I'm sorry to keep putting you guys on the spot. Who's who? Who would like help with memorizing the Fatihah show of hands one two Okay, let me maybe ask a question to the reverse. Who's who would say I don't I don't need any help I really feel very comfortable with it Okay, okay, so we'll break up into groups if you're feel comfortable I think we have volunteers Maybe still sit in a group and and you can sort of benefit from review or maybe you can be with somebody that helps others But do you guys think this would be a helpful exercise to break up and learn the Fatihah the other recitations You can learn over time, but the Fatihah is sort of the the backbone of the prayer unit So we'll take a five-minute break and then we'll serve what we'll reconvene will break up into groups And then we'll we'll continue the class and finish the prayer. Did you have a question? I? would say I Think it's good to learn the meaning in English To just be familiar to really know the meaning in English I wouldn't worry about memorizing the meaning in English and perfecting the recitation in English I think that energy would be better Utilized to memorize the Arabic because the Arabic when you first start the Arabic will just You you won't know what you're memorizing, right? And you'll start off trying to sort of get there But and again, this is part of remember how we started off the conversation part of the miracle of the prayer is that You can walk into a mosque in China, Kenya Turkey Anywhere and and pray together in the same way we have preserved. This is God's words, right? It's a divine speech You will start to understand it and you will develop an understanding of the word So it's good to learn the meaning in English But in terms of memorization to memorize Alhamdulillah, he'll be a lot of me like that's divine speech That came from God to Gabriel Gabriel to the prophet Muhammad like so to learn those words And over time you'll say those do they start off perhaps maybe sounding like sounds at first And then after a while you start to work out. Alhamdulillah. That means praise I remember I know that the opening the first verse means praise be to God the Lord of all the worlds So Alhamdulillah. Oh, I've heard Muslims say that phrase and you'll you'll I guarantee it'll start to expand the depth of its meaning So I think it's a it's a great Piece of advice to learn the meaning but in terms of memorization, I think it's it's more important to memorize it in Arabic Okay, let's break so I'm going to do the woodle just to demonstrate it and Yeah, and I'll talk through it as I do it and I'll just remind you guys of some of the details And then at the end of it, I'll review with you guys What aspects that have forgotten are okay, and which ones if you forget are not okay I told you guys I'd give you the page number in the book So it's 48. Thank you 53 maybe Yeah, uh, yeah 51. It's on page 51. Sorry. Okay, so inshallah we will begin So what's the first thing I'm going to do? Attention, right? So I'm going to tend that I intend to make woodle in order to pray in order to read the Quran do something like that Bismillah, right? I'm going to use water So this is about half a liter of water. I'm going to just try to do it all in here since we're on carpet All right, so I'm going to start by washing my hands three times, right up to and including the wrists, right? Okay now Rinsing them out three times Right swishing around Use your finger almost like a toothbrush to clean and then now I'm going to do the rinsing the nose Sorry, it's a strange sound to have on a microphone. Okay, now I'm going to wash my face three times And washing not wiping right so I'm going to go From the top of the head so I gather the water So my facial hair is thin so I comb through it with my fingertips Get it all the way down under the bridge of the nose. I'm going to wash my right arm fingertips to elbow Right, so I'm going to run the water down. You see how I cupped it Right and all the way around if you remember I'm going to go through all of the fingers And this is more of a technique thing you can get the water on to the arm However, you like but if you pour yourself just a handful and just let it pour down by lifting your hand up right Relacing the fingers getting the webs the fingernails up to an including the elbow and then what's next head wipe beautiful Nathan's All right, so right head wipe getting the water in my hands. I'll let the water just simply fall off I'm going to put my thumbs up my fingertips together like this and you can see I'm getting my whole head right All the way to the back the nape. I'm going to do that return wipe Okay, I'm just putting my head my hair back in place someone. It's not part of the one wipe Okay, and I want my fingers again I'm wiping my ears one wipe I'm going to do my feet. I tend to just pour it directly on Scoopful That's a great question both. So these here the thumbs go on the backside and the Four fingers on the front so and then going in between the toes is recommended Right you can do it with your index finger you can do it with your spining finger But I'm making sure I'm getting this underneath side. That is kind of like not always visible underneath Tips of the toes and then remember we talked about You finish by saying the schedule and a you know how the boss from the Rasulullah There's other do as you can say other prayers supplications that's essentially it and You know, it's less than when you're not using a faucet. It takes very little water And it's actually recommended to minimize the water that you don't waste water you do so I Sometimes have a small Like pop for my will do I Don't use it every time but it's nice even in a sink that if you just fill it up and you're sort of more Conscious of your water use that was some of the Sun of the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon me said you can even be wasteful with water on a river You know on the riverbank making will do that. You don't waste water That's it any questions Very straightforward. Okay All right, so I think we're gonna go pray the whole and then we'll come back Yes, please Yeah, yes, if you you have to make the intention and then you have to make sure you wash the limbs of will do Yeah, we talked about that Yes, yes Yes, yes, inshallah. Well, I'll go Okay, so the schedule now it's 1245 We're gonna make will do pray We'll have lunch and then we're gonna come back Okay, I think we're a little tight on time let me show hands who could stretch till 215 if we if we had to Okay, if not inshallah, this will be recorded for that But okay, but I really I'd rather go at the pace that you guys need and not just kind of blast through it Yeah, all right, sorry. I also I just had a recent surgery So it's like hard for me to even balance all of this So but I hope that was helpful if you haven't seen it. That's essentially inshallah how it is So I Am sorry to report that we're a little behind schedule in terms of the content that we're covering so I'm gonna Maybe ask that let's hold the questions for a bit Let me get through it and then I'll pause at the end and try to do questions sort of in one segment If that's okay, so Bismillah So so now we know how to prepare for the prayer. So now we're gonna focus on the prayer. So the prayer itself is composed of Units Okay, so it's called a raka in Arabic But if you think of the prayer unit if you know how to do a prayer unit a prayer is just a Repetition of the prayer unit with slight variations. Okay, so If you learn that pattern Then you simply need to know this prayer how many prayer units is it and then if you know how the variations work It becomes relatively easy to figure out how to perform the prayer. So let's talk about The prayer unit what goes into a prayer unit So first after you've done all of the preparation that we talked about so you have will do You are clean in your clothes and your prayer area, etc. And you're facing the direction of Mecca, right? And you're covered appropriately, then you'll start with Allah Akbar, right? Which means God is greater or God is the greatest. So Allah you'd raise your hands sort of shoulder height And you say Allah Akbar, okay? You can see in our diagram look at the two prayer sequence just as as the example But you can see to enter the prayer is You raise your hands to about shoulder height or just above the shoulders and you say Allah Akbar That statement Allah Akbar Entires you into the state of sanctification, right? It's your inner your in us and in a Involvable state a state where you can't talk you can't eat you can't do anything. That's external to the prayer Other than sort of minimal movements, right? So you have to have the intention for the prayer before you say Allah Akbar So like any other ritual we said you begin with the intention You face the direction of Mecca and you say Allah Akbar, okay, and then you enter the prayer The prayer unit itself is composed of you're in the standing position, right? That's where you say Allah Akbar is from the standing position. You can't do it from any other position. You can only enter the prayer You know unless you have an injury or you're hurt, right? If you're healthy you you're in the standing position you say Allah Akbar in that standing position You would recite the Fatiha Right the opening chapter that would just review together, okay? And then if you guys still need help with that I suggest that you get the numbers of whoever was helping you or of one another, but really it's important that you get that Fatiha Memorized so you'd stand and you'd recite the Fatiha now in that standing position There's different positions. You can hold your hands. The most common is to fold over The the abdomen for the men for the ladies over the chest Those are just slight variations above the navel below the navel. There's all of these minor things But you in that position you recite the Fatiha Then you're going to transition to the next position, which is the bowing position so you can see that number three on our on our card That's the bowing position. So in order to transition you would say Allah Akbar again, okay? So you're in the sanctified state all Transitions save one You would say you'll say Allah Akbar for that transition, okay? So Allah Akbar and then there is you can if you look at number three on The the legend under the picture do you guys see this chart? So in number three it tells you you would say Subhanah Rabi al-Azim three times Okay, that's what you would say there Subhanah Rabi al-Azim three times and Then you would rise if you look at the arrow To go from bowing back to standing you would say semi Allah Manhamidah That's a longer one if you're not familiar with it. That's okay, but just know that's the only one. That's not Allah Akbar Okay, you would say semi Allah will be manhamidah if you don't know that if you don't Memorize that that's okay. You can just you can just rise out of it. Okay until until you learn it I'm telling you what the goal is and then wherever you are you just do the best that you can the most important one to do is The Fatiha and then the positions all of the other invocations you can learn inshallah, okay Then you're gonna when you're saying after you say semi Allah name and Hamidah. You're back to the standing position Okay And then number four is that standing position and the you would say the rabbana lakal hamd So when you semi Allah name and Hamidah that means God hears The one who praises him and then so you'd say oh Lord to you is all praise Okay, and then from that standing position you would say Allah Akbar to transition that transition is an Allah Akbar To go into the prostration the prostrate in position prostration number five Right are you guys following on the on the diagram number five there? You would say subhan Allah transcendent is my Lord the most high Three times again. You can work your way towards this. I'm just telling you what it would be and then Allahu Akbar, you'd come into what's called the sitting position and Then you would go Allahu Akbar into a second prostration That's the prayer unit. Okay, so standing with Fatiha Bowing standing again prostrating Sitting prostrating that is the prayer unit and then you have to have the Fatiha for every prayer unit. Okay Now that's the Basic and foundational prayer unit Based on which prayer that it which prayer unit you're in in the prayer. There will be additions and variations So you guys got the baseline, right? So you're gonna enter the prayer that that you have to do to get in the prayer Allahu Akbar, then you're standing with Fatiha You're gonna recite the Fatiha Then you're gonna say Allahu Akbar into the bowing position. You'll say the invocation there We'll say Samia Allah in my Hamidah Right back to stand up. Then you say Allahu Akbar to go back to prostrate Right, you'll say the invocation there. Allahu Akbar to sit Allahu Akbar to prostrate again Okay, that's one prayer unit now prayers are Typically especially the obligatory prayers are either two three or four prayer units There's not a five-unit prayer. That's obligated. There's not a there's no five-unit prayers And there's no one unit prayer. That's obligatory. There's there two three or four So now we're gonna come to the variations in the prayer Okay, now if you have the book the book is more helpful to focus on the variations We don't have a separate segment on the on the cheat sheet The variations are essentially three types. Okay the first is If it's the first two units of a prayer Which for a two-unit prayer means the whole prayer both both of them if it's three It means the first two but not the third and if it's four means the first two but not the third and fourth, right? And those first two you would recite an extra Chapter of the Quran after the Fatiha Right, so you're gonna stand you're gonna say the Fatiha and it's recommended you should add an additional short Chapter if you look in this recitations There are two short chapters under the Fatiha that you can memorize. These are the shortest and the easiest at least to sort of get you able to recite those Okay, so the first variation is if it's the first two prayer units of a prayer you'll recite an additional chapter of the Quran Okay Variation number is everybody with me so far. Okay variation number two is if it's the second prayer unit of a prayer after that so Do me a favor can everybody look at the three prayer unit sequence on the card the three the three unit in The second prayer unit After you come up from prostration you go to a seating position. You don't you don't rise to the next Raka yet You stay seated in between the second and third Prayer units is that clear to everybody? Okay, so first prayer unit as soon as you're done prostrating You just stand up and you start the second But then when you pray the second when you're done with the second prostration, you don't stand up to the third You sit in between There's an invocation there that you will recite. You'll see there. It's number seven So if you go to the the legend number seven is a testimonial invocation and there that is a tahiya Tulla zakiya Tulla you can memorize that The prayer will be valid if you don't memorize this yet, and you're still working on it So you can just sit in the position And just you can just say the Shahada right and hopefully that that would be good because it ends in the Shahada Okay, the final the third variation is if it's the last prayer unit of a prayer So either the second unit of a two-unit prayer the third of a third three and then the fourth of a Four-unit prayer that one you rise out of the seating position that the prostration position sorry and you go into the final sitting you stay in the sitting and you will Conclude the prayer you end the prayer from the sitting position Okay, now at each of these you see the numbers underneath it will tell you what you're supposed to recite For the final sitting you'll recite that testimonial invocation and you'll add the Abrahamic prayer So you're going to recite to for the middle sitting the one that's after the second in between the second and third Prayer units that one. It's only the testimonial invocation. Are you guys following? You can get a little tricky when you do it a few times it becomes I Mean I hate stuff. Well, I hate to compare it to like a game Right, but you know when you learn a game for the first time Like you kind of learn and then you just kind of okay. Let's do a couple practice rounds, and then it's it's very easy Things become easier with practice, right? But if it's the final sitting the final prayer unit like the third and the three unit and the fourth and the fourth unit The fourth and the four unit you come out of prostration, and you sit you're going to recite both the testimonial invocation And the Abrahamic prayer Okay, and then you're going to conclude the prayer by saying assalamu alaikum the same greeting that we give right you can Turn it and it says salamu alaikum some people add salamu alaikum warahmatullah salamu alaikum You don't have to worry about those just assalamu alaikum is sufficient, right? And that ends the prayer You turn to the right, and you say it once and then you turn to the left and say it once Okay, so right now. I just want to focus on the mechanics for a moment Does everybody understand the makeup of the basic prayer unit? So we're going to begin the prayer facing mecca Raising my hands above the shoulder Allah Akbar right then let's talk about the basic prayer unit Fatihah in the standing position Allahu Akbar. I go to the bowing position. I say the invocation there I'm not going to say the invocations because I don't want you to focus on them Just understand the flow, and then you have the invocations you can memorize So then you're in the bowing position You're going to say the invocation there, then you're going to say semi Allah and Muhammad you're going to stand up again You say that invocation there, then you go to the prostrating position invocation sit the invocations prostrate That's the basic prayer unit Okay Now let's go through the three variations one more time. The first is if it's the first two units After the Fatihah, you're going to add a short passage of the Quran Okay The second is if it's the second prayer unit after you're done at the end of the prayer unit after that you do That prostration you don't stand up to get into the third. You'll stay for what's called the middle sitting And in the middle sitting you'll recite the testimonial invocation. That's this box here You guys also see where the testimonial invocation is Okay, that you would recite that for what's called the middle sitting It's the end of the second prayer unit and something that's more than two prayer units Okay, and then the third variation is in the final prayer unit To end the prayer you'll come out of prostration And you'll recite both the testimonial invocation and the Abrahamic prayer And then you conclude with the greeting of peace assalamu alaikum Okay Yes, please yeah, yes Yeah, yeah Yeah, yeah, yeah, I would say that's that's that's that's definitely very useful I would say don't worry about the end. There's a reason I'm saying the invocations. I Would say that if you can get to the point where you can learn the Fatihah, right? I would say they're just to be present with God in the stand because these positions have a have a They're divinely revealed, right? In fact, we're told in the Quran that there are there are angels that stand glorifying God for eons There are angels that are in the bowing position to glorify God For eons and then there are those in the prostrating because all of these have a special way of glorifying God If you're simply if even if you don't know the let's say you don't even know where you put the card You don't know the invocations if you simply stand with humility before God and then bow and humility before God and you know There's benefit in that that will that will suffice you as a prayer if you have will do and you say the Fatihah and You and you do those things shot a lot that that that will be a valid prayer But definitely I would agree with you that's still important to engage in those things But I would also say don't underestimate The power of these positions if you have presence of heart if you have presence of heart It doesn't matter if you don't remember what you say if you just God knows your heart And if you just your present you're present with humility and awe and reverence And you simply do those things that that that will be and then you can gradually learn one invocation add that in Learn a second learn a third deal. You'll have time But I think that's that's the important part these that that'll create the basic building blocks Okay, so what I want to do now if everybody can open your card for me and We'll do the two prayer Sequence the three and the four will do a quick run-through. Okay So in a two-unit prayer for all of them, you're gonna enter the prayer you guys. Yeah, that's the first That's the first thing that you do. You're standing you're facing mecca You have will do you're probably you're properly closed and you're in a clean area with clean clothes And you say Allah Akbar to enter the prayer Then if you see the one in the two because it's a two-unit prayer It's the first two units. You'll recite the fatihah and an additional chapter of the Quran Right because that's variation number one was an additional chapter in the first two prayer units And then you say Allah Akbar you're gonna transition into the bowing position There's number three. There's an invocation for that Then you're gonna rise back up to the standing position Number four there's its invocation. Then you're gonna go from standing down into prostration Right in prostration. There's an invocation. You're gonna say three times. There it is number five And then you're gonna say Allah Akbar each transition You're gonna say Allah Akbar, right and Allah Akbar you're gonna come to a seating position and There's a prayer you can say there and then you're gonna go back into Prostration and there's the invocation now because this is the first unit. Do we stay sitting or do we rise for the second? We're gonna rise for the second, right and then again Fatihah while standing an additional chapter Allah Akbar bow go back to the standing Allah Akbar prostrate Allah Akbar sitting Allah Akbar prostration now. This is the final Prayer unit of the prayer. So when you come up from prostration You're gonna go into the seating position and you're gonna recite seven and eight the testimonial invocation and the Abrahamic prayer Which are on the card as well, right? So you're gonna recite both of those right and you can have it like you can as you're praying you can you can hold that right and Look at it, right? You can recite both of those and then when you're done. Assalamu alaikum to end the prayer Or assalamu alaikum warahmatullahi either one is fine Let's run through the three unit prayer You guys with me. Yeah, all right. So Allah Akbar you enter the sanctified state It's the first two prayer units. So it'll be Fatihah and an additional chapter Allah Akbar bow Rise with the semi-Allah name and Hamidah Allah Akbar into prostration the invocation there Allah Akbar into the seating position Allah Akbar back into prostration It's the first unit. So you're gonna stand back up for the cycle Again, you're gonna say Fatihah. You're gonna add a surah. You're gonna add a chapter of the Quran and Then you're gonna say Allah Akbar to go into the bowing position. Say that invocation You're gonna rise with the invocation Allah Akbar from standing back into prostration The invocation there Allah Akbar to sit Allah Akbar to prostrate again, and then this is the second prayer unit So but it's not but it's longer than two prayer units. So this is not the final sitting This is what we would call the middle sitting. So you'd Come up into seated position and you would just recite the testimonial invocation And then you're gonna rise up again for the third and final prayer unit Fatihah only right no extra chapter Right, you guys follow that you see that so you see how there's only number one under that. That's only Fatihah And then Allah Akbar you go into the bowing position Then you rise standing again Allah Akbar prostrate Allah Akbar sitting Allah Akbar prostrate And then it's the final the third out of the three unit sequence. You're gonna come to the final seating position testimonial invocation and the Abrahamic prayer salam alaikum and you're done Right for you for I know this seems redundant, but this this helps to sort of really reinforce it You're gonna enter the prayer First two prayer units. It's gonna be Fatihah and an additional chapter, right? Run through this in your mind if you feel like you already know this well Just imagine yourself What would you do next try to be one step ahead of us Allah Akbar in the bowing position the invocation there You would rise with the invocation. You're standing Okay, Allah Akbar prostrate with the invocation Allah Akbar sitting Allah Akbar prostrate And all of the numbers there are to point you to which invocations, okay? Then you'd stand back up for your second prayer unit Okay, and then because it's the first two you would recite Fatihah, and then you're gonna add an additional short chapter And then Allah Akbar into the bowing position and then you're gonna rise back up in the standing position And then Allah Akbar to prostrate Allah Akbar back to sitting Allah Akbar back to the prostrated position Okay, this is the second in a longer than two unit prayer So you're gonna sit you're gonna come out of the second prostration to the middle sitting What are you gonna recite there testimonial invocation, right? Then from there because it's four units. You're gonna rise Allah Akbar You're gonna rise back to the third. Oh, we have a typo here guys. Well, we caught this So third and fourth Raka should not have a one plus two just a one Okay, so if you have a pen I I would Mark that off Okay, just one in the third and fourth prayer units Okay, so just one and then you would go into the bowing position Stand Allah Akbar prostrate Allah Akbar seated Allah Akbar prostrate Then there's the fourth Raka. So you're gonna go from that prostrated position back to standing for the next prayer unit And standing you're gonna recite only the Fatihah because it's the third and fourth, right? Then Allah Akbar to to the bowing position, then you're gonna rise standing Allah Akbar into prostration Allah Akbar into sitting Allah Akbar prostration, then you're gonna rise for that final seating You're gonna recite the testimonial invocation and the Abrahamic prayer Okay, and then you'll end the prayer with Salam aleykum Rahmatullah. Salam aleykum, sir is enough Okay Questions they were taught to us by the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him It's interesting because I I recently learned of a verse in the Bible that I believe Yeah, I believe it's in the Old Testament that blessed is the nation that blesses Abraham and That's not the direct quote, but that's that's that was the meaning is that the nation that blesses Abraham Will be a blessed nation and it's interesting because I don't think that you know I don't know of in the Jewish tradition or the Christian tradition a specific prayer to bless Abraham But we were taught by the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him the testimonial invocation and the meanings are also in the book So if you look in the book being Muslim, it's important to know the meanings, but there are glorifications of God their praising of him and And then testifying to his oneness and to the prophet hood of the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him And then the Abrahamic prayer is a prayer on Abraham and then the Prophet Muhammad in that sequence All of the contents of the prayer were taught to us by the Prophet Muhammad. Yeah Yes Yeah, so yes, that's that's that's very important. We're coming to that next Yes Yeah Yeah, you're saying your when your feet are off to the side. It's painful. What about when they're just sort of in the middle Is that more comfortable? Yeah, as long as your feet are tucked under you Yeah in the diagram if you look at number six, it's just sort of tucked to the back. They're not off to one side So it's kind of as you develop flexibility sometimes if it's uncomfortable, it'll it's gonna distract you from the prayer So you can kind of just do do what your body can do Yeah All right, so the next thing is We're gonna talk about the five prayers So now we know how to do a two-unit prayer a three-unit prayer a four-unit prayer sort of in the abstract sense Now we're gonna talk about the five prayers. Okay, so there are five prayer times and Each prayer has a fixed duration And time frame Right, so sorry when I say duration I mean like length how many prayer units it is and then duration of time the window of time During what you should pray and then the third aspect So I want everybody to look at this this panel here the one that has times of the prayer. Okay So if you look at the first one listed it says Fajr, right? That's the the break of dawn. That's a two-unit prayer It it's when dawn breaks when the first light on the horizon appears Until the beginning of sunrise as soon as the disc of the Sun touches the horizon So that's about a little over an hour of time typically But it's it's early it's it's before sunrise Now if you look there's an asterisk next to the name Fajr and there's an asterisk next to the name Maghrib we'll talk about each of these and I shot this one is The recitation only in the first two prayer units The recitation of the Quran is allowed the Fatiha and the extra chapter Should be allowed. Now. What does it mean to be allowed? Just that you hear yourself like me saying It doesn't be loud, but it just means it's not to myself like there's a difference between this and Even if you guys Somebody next to me can make it out but somebody a little further cannot that's still out loud. Okay So Fajr is allowed in in its two prayer units, right? And the beginning of the time is when the entrance of dawn until the beginning of sunrise the next prayer is called the whole that's the midday prayer, okay and After the Sun so the Sun rises and it reaches what's called the Zenith or high noon Right and soon as soon as it begins. It's a descent. That's the beginning of the time Now obviously summer months and winter months these will vary quite a bit in times of the length of the day and what time that is Okay, that's one of the the beauties of the prayer is it actually Connects us to the harmony of nature artificial light has changed the way that we Yeah, just change a lot of things. So this this helps us to reconnect and The prayer time ends when if you took a few on the equator and you put an object and the shadow of the object became the length It's exact height Then that would be the end of the lower time and the beginning of the next prayer So the whole has no asterisk next to it as you can see so all four prayer units are silent It's four prayer units. They're all silent and you would Pray them the way that we talked about the four prayer units the next one is aster, which means afternoon the afternoon prayer and It's it begins when the shadow of an object is equal to its length and it ends just as the Sun is going to touch the horizon You have to get it done before then Okay, the fourth is called Maghrib which means sunset and it's when the disc of the Sun is completely under the horizon So not when it starts when that when it's on the horizon not when it touches has to go completely beneath the horizon and It goes on until the red twilight of the sky disappears. All right, it's about less than an hour typically Again depends if it's summer or winter There's an asterisk so the first two prayer units the Quran recitation the Fatihah and the additional chapter are There what out loud perfect, right? And then the next one is aisha, which is four prayer units The first two of which are out loud the second two are silent and that basically goes from When the red twilight disappears? I mean you should pray it before the middle of the night midnight, but it's technically you can pray it until the break of dawn Okay, so these are the five prayers. You should just know the duration The length sorry is it two units three units or four and then is it allowed or silent a very easy rule of thumb is this If it's bright outside, it's silent If it's dark outside It's allowed the way that I remember this is so you don't bump into someone praying They're reciting out loud. That's just mind-blowing. That's not why it is I don't know that that's why it is But I think about it if it's dark in the pre-modern world Somebody's reciting silently you could walk right into them. So if it's dark, they should be reciting out loud That means before sunrise the Fajr prayer should be allowed Not bohar, which is the noon prayer not the afternoon prayer But after sunset it starts to get a little dark and then the night prayer is dark, right? So if there's darkness outside, you're gonna recite out loud Just a mnemonic of sorts correct correct same if you're praying on your own and in a home and And and that goes for the way we cover is the same if we're alone or we're with people the way we recite out loud It's whether we're alone or with people if you're following a prayer leader The prayer leader will recite out loud and everybody else just listens Yeah Any questions here? Yes It's definitely important to do what's helpful to keep you attentive. That's definitely the case But there are also again these divine wisdoms in certain things. So for example Let's say I had the opposite problem. Let's say when I recite out loud. I get distracted by the own sound of my voice What we would say is there's there's still in order to We should pray the way the prophet peace be upon him prayed the way the prophet Muhammad prayed and he prayed these First two out loud and the third would be silent or the first two a lot So I would even if I found that somewhat distracting There's something in that that I have to say, okay Maybe I have to learn how to develop my concentration or my focus with it out loud or when it's silent So you can do things that are conducive to help you but you should also seek out whatever divine wisdom is there Because I mean early on when people are learning they tend to do almost everything out loud That's very common even the invocations later not just to hold on recitation that and that's okay as you're learning Those are all okay, but as a as a goal even if you find Reading out loud to be distracting. It's important to learn how to read out loud for certain things Or if you find silence to sometimes be challenging that maybe you're maybe you're supposed to develop some kind of Ability to concentrate even in science. So there's benefit in both As you're learning that's fine, but I would say to try to seek to do both and their appropriate thing is best Yeah, definitely and then even if even if you're even if you're just whispering to yourself And so nobody else can hear you that's that's still silent But you're just if it's just helps you to make sure that you're you're concentrating You're saying things appropriately But it wouldn't be loud enough for someone else to hear then that would still be silent so to speak Any other questions yes Yes, so each one has a beginning time and an end time So you just as long as you get it between the beginning time and the end time So for Fajr the beginning time is the beginning of dawn And then the end time is when the Sun starts to rise Depending on where you are in the world. What time of year is it summer winter? That's that might be shorter might be longer, but you know But that's kind of a shorter a shorter prayer window generally And then the whole the second the noon prayer Is it is a larger time window because it's from when the Sun moves past the zenith at the top To when the shadow of an object is equal to its length And then Asar is also about that same time frame ends up being about the same duration of time Maghrib which is a sunset prayer tends to be shorter as well. Those are the two short time windows the Fajr and the Maghrib Because from sunset until the red of the twilight disappears is tends to be shorter in time But it depends on where you are in the world and it depends on all of that You know, there are apps now most people use the apps to define the prayer times The one thing I would say is if you add a little bit, you know, just to make sure that it's in so if it says a prayer comes in at 1230 I think it's sometimes just good to wait an extra 15 minutes to definitely make sure, you know Because these the app sometimes approximate, you know, they're kind of using Calculations to approximate. So if you just say, okay, let me add 15 20 minutes or definitely be safe that it's it's most likely in So at this point, yeah, that's a great question. Yeah so Yeah, if you're traveling meaning you're gonna travel a distance Let's just say of there's there's a set distance. It's 48 miles. So if you're gonna go more than 48 miles Driving flying doesn't matter what what mode? Once you start your journey and even if you're sort of halfway there like once once you leave You can you can sometimes combine the prayers and there's a way to shorten the prayer We weren't gonna cover this today, but I can cover it in a very brief way If that's okay. So if it's a four-unit prayer, it just becomes a two-unit prayer while traveling and then you can combine the prayers meaning the The two afternoon prayers the Vohor and the Assar, which is the noon and the afternoon prayer You could combine them you can bring one earlier bring one later And it's the same for the two-night prayers. They overlap as well But we guys have questions about that. We can we can discuss. Yes. Yes. Yeah So yeah, so you can never You cannot pray Vohor before it's time. You can't pray any prayer before it's time Except Assar you can bring it into the Vohor time or you can bring Vohor into us. You can delay You can delay Vohor the noon prayer into the afternoon or you can bring the afternoon into it But you can't before noon like at 11 a.m. You can't pray either of them Okay, so the prayer has to come in and they share they're sort of like sister prayers So if you're traveling then you could do that, but if you're not traveling then you should try to pray them in their times but let's say Your meeting started at noon and didn't end and you know, you couldn't find let's just say you didn't have a way to take a break You shouldn't pray at 11 30 because it's not and yet it would be better to pray after the meeting. Yeah Yeah, so If you miss a prayer You owe the prayer So you should always make up a prayer that you miss So if and you know there's sometimes circumstances that are beyond your control But you should try to keep track of those and say, okay, I got stuck in traffic or whatever it might be As you advance you'll get better at planning for it, right? And you'll sort of start to have a sense of oh, I need to pray and this is gonna take me this long But you know, it takes time to get there as well. This is a new daily practice And so as you're working there if you miss one when just make it up when you when you get that chance Yeah, and this is even if you miss it unintentionally like You oversleep and you wake up and the Sun is already up and I go I didn't pray Fajr and just pray it once you're up Yeah, so questions Was this helpful you guys feel like a good foundation to yeah, the rest of it will really be I'm hoping this prayer card You know, you can just practice and stand and okay, think it through what would I say in this position Allah Akbar The legend here do you see the legend on the the second panel it'll tell you the numbers which invocation But also the two kinds of arrows the arrow means Allah Akbar but the white arrow You would say semi Allah will you manhameed that for example if you're looking to learn that invocation? That's the one exception to a transition Being Allah Akbar Yeah, and then if you guys have questions that you come up with afterwards Maybe we can come up with a way to gather questions or you know feel free to Reach out and ask where we're always here. Yes Yeah So So let's say I mean you would just try to take your best guess at how many days you might have missed, right? so let's say let's say I converted a week ago and I'm still learning how to pray and I'm only praying if there's somebody that can lead me for example that might be a really reasonable many people are in that So I would just keep track of okay So four days I wasn't able to do my prayers, etc And like any other debt you just sort of chip away at it like on any given day It's okay Let me let me make up these prayers that I owe and you could pray a Fajr prayer It doesn't have to be in the time of Fajr prayer that you owe you can pray at any time So it's okay. I owe this prayer two days of prayers three days of prayers Yeah, and then you just chip away at it, but Be easy on yourself as well like as you learn and as you you know There's that you know, there's the things that God asks of us And then God is forgiving and as long as you're putting your effort to learn Then you know, I think that'll be just do your best Don't stress yourself out Yeah, I you know one of the things I think is there are the the two The two extremes are becoming complacent and saying I got plenty of time to learn I'm new to this right and then there's Kind of really overburdening your panicking, right? I mean, I think you want to kind of go somewhere in the middle realize like you know be merciful with yourself Give yourself time to learn inshallah But also dedicate the time and the energy to learn, you know, this is Invest in your in your worship Yeah, yes, I'm really glad you ask that. No, they do not so if if so women who are on their cycle Are not only excused from the prayer, but they don't make that up Now there is an exception There's a different ruling for fasting because Ramadan is coming up. So I'm gonna touch upon this you do make up the the The fast from from your cycle, but you don't make up prayers Yeah, yeah, yeah, and if you're sick, I know this isn't a Ramadan fasting thing But if you're sick or you're traveling Those are all or you're nursing or you're pregnant and you really feel like it would be a burden on on the baby or something Like that those are also excuses to break your fast, but you'll always owe those fasts Ramadan fast You'll always owe them. They're kind of like the prayer that you don't have an excuse from But menstruating women and postpartum as well, but the two types of bleeding. They don't have to make up those prayers Okay, maybe any other questions? I'll hang out for a bit if you guys have questions that you don't want to ask in front of the group But inshallah, let's conclude with a dua a supplication a prayer inshallah Is my mother Thank you. Thank you. My name is Allah ma salih was Salim and baraka ala Sayyidina Muhammad Wa alayhi was Salam. Oh, Allah we ask you to open our hearts and To illuminate our hearts and to fill our hearts with faith. We ask you to make the prayer a means of our growing nearer to you and To having a relationship with you and that we draw near and we gain love and we attain faith and piety through the prayer We ask you to make the prayer a source of comfort and light for each of us We ask you to ease us ease and facilitate the learning for each of us here Whoever is intending to draw near to you. Yeah, Allah Please make it easy for them if they're having the difficulty with learning may you remove it from them May you accept our prayers accept our efforts despite our deficiencies in our shortcomings You are the ever merciful. You are no need of us We are the ones who are in need of you and we ask you to bless everyone here Bless their families and loved ones if anybody has a difficulty in their lives Yeah, Allah may you lift it and if anybody's dealing with an illness may you cure them if anyone has sadness May you bring them joy?