 Good afternoon, everyone. This is Jonathan Zulu. I'm the managing partner for Hydrix Healthcare and Life Science Practice in APEC and Middle East region. It's our great pleasure able to welcome Dr. Frank Ennis, be with us and talk a little bit about the COVID situation as well as the vaccination and their impact to businesses, to our baby lives as well. Frank, great to have you with us. Thank you very much. Pleasure to be here. Dr. Frank Ennis is a general practitioner and has extensive experience in Hong Kong. He was a senior partner with Drs. Anderson Partners, Hong Kong's largest private practice and he negotiated their sales to Quality Health Asia QA, a public listed company. Then he became CEO for the organization and main board directors and he has acted as medical advisor to many firms in Hong Kong, including the Hong Kong Gypsy Club and Catholic Civic. With all the vaccination products being offered on the marketplace, there's so much variation. What do you think of all the offerings and how long before you think that the countries regions are able to lift their travel restrictions? We know there's lots of vaccines out there. The main ones Pfizer, Moderna, AstraZeneca in the West and Sinovac, Sinofarm over here, Skutnik coming from Russia. The one thing to say bottom line is that every vaccine is a good vaccine. They will protect you as an individual. You will have a much lower risk of catching COVID. If you do catch COVID, then the chances of you getting seriously ill and dying are almost negligible. So any vaccine is a good one. You take what you can get. Now to answer the other question, is one vaccine better than the other because of its better effectiveness? You have to look at the community and you've got to define what you mean by effectiveness and what you mean by efficacy. Efficacy is how successful a vaccine is in control situation, i.e. in a control trial. An effectiveness is when you release it onto the marketplace and just see how good it really is. So far, the efficacy and effectiveness rates seem to match up. Pfizer was claiming 95, 97% efficacy and it's looking like that in the real world. Sinovac, they were claiming about 50%, but in the real world again, the effectiveness seems to be, it's running at about 55%. For an individual, it's all pretty good. But to get to the bigger question you asked, when can countries open up? When will they develop herd immunity and feel safe about opening their borders? And herd immunity is based on how effective the virus is, what the are not number is. But it's also based on the effective coverage that you have got of a population. Now, effective coverage isn't just over 70% have been vaccinated. There's a simple equation is A times B, A being the percentage of the population that you have vaccinated, and B is the effectiveness of that vaccine. So if you say that the vaccine coverage A is about 70% and the vaccine efficiency is about 97%, multiply those together, you get about 63, 65%. So that's your effective coverage. Now, if you say you need 70% to get the herd immunity, you have to get more than 70% vaccinated. Now, go back to what I was saying earlier, where if you've got a 50% vaccine efficiency, you've really got to vaccinate all your population. So the more effective vaccines is the way to go to get good effective coverage. However, when you've got good coverage, then there's less people able to contract this virus. And the virus will effectively burn out like the influenza did in 1919, after about two years. So you look at some countries, you look at America, you look at Britain, Israel, those countries are getting up to 50, 60%. They're almost there. China has just done a billion vaccines, which is great news. Will there be a risk of something coming in in the winter? Well, there's Delta variants a little bit of a worry, but again, you're not getting the hospitalization rate or the death rate you saw before. Many part of the world, people are still working from their homes. So after the vaccination being reached to a certain level, what impact will vaccine have employees returning to the workplace in your opinion? I think working from home has changed the paradigm a lot. I've got a 30 year old son and a 34 year old daughter and they this last year in England, they've been working from home. It's good for people to get back into the workplace. Once they've been vaccinated, absolutely fine. A vaccinated person is no danger to another vaccinated person. A vaccinated person is no danger to an unvaccinated person. So it's only the unvaccinated people you have to be concerned about. But if you yourself have the vaccine, you don't have to worry about them. So a lot of the employees being surveyed, they have to work from home instead of returning back to the office environment. So what are the issues? Business leaders and management team need to consider in the post pandemic era? Vaccination is the most important. If there is absolutely no danger of people are vaccinated coming in, do you have to set up the social distancing spaces? Do you have to walk about your office with a mask on? That's not really conducive to good practice. But I fully hope that with vaccination, it will be business as usual. So if you're bringing your crystal ball, so what do you think is going to happen? You may see some spikes during the winter, but I think this virus will have run its course. I think with big numbers being vaccinated, it will have nowhere to go. It won't be able to spread it with the way that you won't have the virgin territory to spread into. Well, I know that the Sinovac has recently just been approved by WHO. In Brussels, they have said it's only vaccines recognised by the EMA, the European Medical Agency. However, some of the individual countries like France have said it's not just the EMA approved vaccines, but also the WHO approved vaccines. So Sinovac, I think, will soon have WHO approval. They will then be permitted to travel into Europe. Thank you so much for taking time with us and sharing your thoughts and your medical expertise for us and business leaders in the region. So I know you are traveling back home finally tomorrow. Enjoy your time with your family. Thank you very much. I've been double vaccinated. I'm good.