 Friends, Myself Sandeep Javeri, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, from Washington Institute of Technology, Sholapur. In today's session, we are going to discuss building regulations and bylaws. The learning outcomes at the end of this session, students will be able to explain importance of building regulations and end list and describe building bylaws. Let us consider the introduction. Building bylaws are the rules and regulations which are set by municipal authorities in order to avoid haphazard growth of cities and bring discipline in it. Nowadays, we know that the population is going to be increased and the urbanization is going to be increased. So, we should take care of these regulations and we should obey these regulations while constructing any building. It may be residential, it may be industrial building. Building bylaws, there are many bylaws which differ from place to place and city to city. Few of them listed below are discussed here. Building lines, open space requirement around buildings, floor area ratio, accommodation requirements, head top buildings, sanitary requirements. Building lines, building line is the line up to which the plinth of a building adjoining a street or a future street may lawfully extend. This line is called a setback or front building line. It is a line laid down parallel to the plot boundaries beyond which nothing can be constructed towards plot boundaries. Let us consider the figure of building line and setback distances. Here, from the center of the road up to this building line, the distance is called as setback distance. For industrial buildings, we can say that building line has control line and in case of residential building, that building line is called as a building line itself. Now, setback distance, so setback distance is more for industrial building and less for residential building. Now, there are some standard values of setback distances depending upon the type of road. For national and state highways, for residential building, the minimum setback distance is 30 meter. For industrial building, it is 45 meter. For major district roads, in case of residential building, the minimum setback distance is 15 meter. In case of industrial building, it is 24 meter. Other district road, the minimum setback distance for residential building is 9 meter. For industrial building, it is 25 meter. For village roads, the minimum setback distance for building line of residential building is 9 meter. And in case of industrial building, it is 15 meter. Now, let us consider open space requirement around buildings. To meet lighting and ventilation requirement of rooms, open spaces shall be provided inside and around the residential buildings. In case of buildings adjoining streets, printing the street, open space will provide scope for future winding of streets. Suppose, your house is built on the road side and in future, there is a chances of winding of road. So, we should think about that. So, that is why the open space which we kept for the house, it should be moved by considering this future winding of streets. Some standard open distances left inside plot point around buildings are as follows. On front and rear side, it is 3 meter. Side margin is provided as 2 meter. This may also vary from place to place and from city to city. Now, let us consider flow space index. It is also called FSI. FSI is nothing but ratio of total built-up area to plot area. In order to restrict height and construction area of buildings, FSI ranging from 0.5 to 3 are generally laid down by authorities which differ at different places in a city. Now, the factors affecting FSI are type of construction, width of streets, printing the building, traffic load and locality and density, parking facilities and local fire fighting facilities. So, these things should be considered while taking FSI value in construction. Now, accommodation requirements for good hygiene, health and ventilation, the minimum accommodation requirements are decided and they are as follows. Minimum accommodation, so for habitable room area, 9.5 meter square is a minimum requirement. For habitable room width, it is 2.4 meter. Room height, 2.75 meter. Window area for wall on open side, 10 percent of floor area. Total door and window area, 1 seventh of the room area. Total ventilation area, 0.1 meter square for 10 meter cube of room space. So, these are the guidelines and this may vary from place to place. Height of building. Apart from FSI, the height of building is also restricted by the width of the street in front of the building. Here, the table is given, which gives some values of height of building for different widths. If the width is w, the height is 1.5 w plus front open space, it is a general criteria. If the width is up to 8 meter, the height of building is 1.5 times width of the street. If width of the street is 8 meter to 12 meter, the height of building is 12 meter. If the width of street above 12 meter, the width of street and that is height of building should be equal to width of street and in no case more than 21 meter. So, this value may vary from place to place. Now, the height of the building should be such that an imaginary incline line drawn from the rear boundary at an angle of 63.5 degree to the horizontal should not get obstructed by the building height. So, you can see from this rear end, if you draw a angle of 63.5 degree with respect to horizontal line. So, it should not obstruct the height of the building. That is a restriction in height of building. Minimum sanitation requirements, the minimum sanitation requirements are given the table. For single room treatment, 190 or sink of area 0.9 meter by 0.9 meter. For residential building, for every 5 single rooms or every 3 double rooms, 1 WC of 1.2 meter square area, 1 closed bath of 1.8 meter square area, 1 urinal of 0.9 meter square area, 1 washing place of 2.4 meter square area, 1 metal dust bin with closed fitting cover. In case of industrial buildings, for 1 persons 5 meter square floor area that is minimum requirement, for every 25 percent or part thereof 1 WC is there. Now, you are supposed to pause the video and answer these questions. Now, these are the answers here. As we know, the floor space index is given by ratio of built up area to plot area. So, A is the answer correct. In the second one, building by-laws ensure proper air light, ventilation, parking, sanitation and safety of structures. And the statement is true because for a living purpose, we should ensure the ample of light and good ventilation, parking space, good sanitation and safety of structures and good quality of air. So, these things are required hence the statement is true. So, these are the references which I have used for this creation of video. Thank you.