 Hello, everyone. I'm Maureen Haker. I'm a senior lecturer at University of Suffolk. I teach in the education and childhood streams, but I've also been digitizing and reusing qualitative data with the UK data service for, I think it's about a decade now. So I've got a fair bit of experience as well. This is an introductory webinar. So we're assuming that you have, you know, a little experience with all of the delights held within the archive. So hopefully this is a good jumping off point for you. So, let's go ahead and get underway. So this is an overview of what we're going to cover today. I want to say just a little bit about the broader picture of the UK data service. So you know where all the qualitative and mixed data fit within the bigger picture. I'll also give some examples and details of some of our best qualitative and mixed methods collections, just to show you how they've been used in quite creative ways. I'll also cover how to find an access qualitative data. And I'll close with some tips and resources and places to go for further help. Do be aware, we've got lots of online workshops and webinars, lots of materials that go into much further detail on some of the things like finding and accessing data. So this is just a quick overview. We found that, you know, people want some information on this, even when the primary topic that's covered is, you know, the data itself. So what is the UK data service? We're a comprehensive resource that's funded by the ESRC. So our main job is to be a single point of access to a wide range of secondary social science data. The main purpose then is the collection, ingest and processing of the data and further dissemination of that data to people for its use. In addition to that data infrastructure core, we also have a service layer which provides extensive support training and guidance. Who is it for? Well, we like to think it's really for anyone who has an interest in data. Traditionally though, our main audience and the people who probably both deposit and use the data the most tend to be academic researchers and students. There's a lot of other groups that are well represented to including government analysts, charities, foundations, businesses, research centers, think tanks, all give us and use our data. Given the importance of data and how it's used and how it's disseminated, we're trying to reach out to support a wide range of communities. The front page of our website, which some of you may have already seen, this is the sort of top half of the home page to give you a flavor of what we do. And then the link to the page is just above there. So I'll show you where to find some things specific to qualitative and mixed data in just a little bit. So here we go. So what kind of data do we hold at the UK data service? Well, this session is about qualitative and mixed, but just so you know the majority of the data, at least judging by the number of collections is actually quantitative data. We hold over, I think it's over 7,000 collections now, of which, you know, at least, what, 6,000 of those are quantitative collections. We do hold a wide variety of that data. So we've got survey data, both processional and longitudinal. There's also aggregate statistics, domestic international macro data, and census data. There's aggregate for 1971 to 2011 and micro data for the select years that are listed there. But of course today we're focusing on qualitative and mixed methods data. Where does it come from? Well, again, that varies depending on the data type and some of these sources that you see here, including agencies and statistical time series. Those are clearly the main sources of the quantitative data. Most of the qualitative and mixed methods data comes through individual academics, many of which are funded by research grants. You know, that's often the ESRC, but it's not exclusively. We also take data that's funded by others, including the welcome trust and lever human and others and as well as independently funded work. And also, of course, for qualitative originally paper based materials. We also hold public records and historical sources, including things like the census, which I've just mentioned as well. So, if you were want to find a quick way to see all of the qualitative data we hold, we do have a place for this on our website. You simply click find data at the very top of the homepage, and then there's a middle option there to browse and access data. And if you scroll down, you'll see these boxes and these are the main types of data that we store, but you can see there's qualitative and mixed data with one of the options is listed right there. So right now we've got 1620 collections that come up based on what I've said this, what I just looked at this morning. It does cover a huge range of topics, but you can also browse by theme. So there's another area on that same page just above the browse by data type, which has a selection of quite high quality data specifically covering these themes. So the theme, the browse by theme will include a range of different data types, so both qualitative and quantitative for each of those we tried to use a selection of a broad range of data types, but it is going to be mixed what some of those are. So let me tell you a little bit about some of the collections we hold that will give you a sense of the range of qualitative data that we hold. So the first study here demonstrates the quality and capacity and inclusive research with people with learning disabilities. So this is focus group based research. Some of the focus groups are with people who have learning disabilities and some of the focus groups are with researchers who they themselves have learning disabilities and are doing research on learning disabilities. So it's very much in the spirit of active research of participatory research, and of course, a good example of focus group research. Just to note here as well that data reuse is a great way to access certain populations which would normally be really difficult to access, whether because they're physically difficult to access such as prisoners, or in the case of disability, sometimes it just requires further resources to appropriately safeguard and address the needs of the group and that may pose funding or ethical challenges. The second item here is intergenerational dynamics, and that's by Jennifer Mason, and that looks at whether people above the age of 50, consider themselves a generation, and whether or not they identify as a generation in contrast to other age groups, whether they're younger or do they, you know, do they identify themselves differently. So she's done a great deal of work on these kinds of aging and generational dynamics. And this is inner interview based data, and again, very high quality data. The next one is chronic illness and online networking expectations assumptions and everyday realities. We have diabetes in the use of Facebook. So just to point out something about this particular one. We don't necessarily have a lot of data that, you know, I think some still call it new and novel, although that that label may be fading a bit. You know, we don't have a lot of this kind of data per se. This kind of social media, big data, those sorts of things, but we are getting some and this is a good example of someone who's using Facebook contact in order to study how people with diabetes form support groups, and how they get information. So it's quite creative and a different kind of data from the usual interview based data. Yeah. And the fourth one down there is the coalition presidentialism in comparative perspectives, minority executives and multi party systems. So the title is quite a mouthful. And it's not quite as accessible as the others. But I just wanted to make the point with this one that you don't just get individual based data in qualitative and mixed methods. So this study looks at presidential coalitions across a number of countries. So that's across Europe, Africa and Asia. And it makes the point again that even with qualitative research, you can still do macro scale kind of comparative work. And this kind of study is a good example of that. Family life and work experience before 1918 is the founding collection for the qualitative part of the archive. So this one is not new, but I would be amiss if I didn't mention it. It's comprised of over 400 oral history interviews, and it's considered to be the first oral history project of Britain. It's been very well used so you know it doesn't really need a lot of promotion, but I just wanted to sign post it. You know, it's the typical kind of collection that many people probably think of with qualitative data, maybe not this large but there are, you know, this particular collection is with people who are born in the Edwardian era. And some of these interviews are absolutely massive very long, and they cover all aspects of people's lives. So it's an incredibly rich collection. So what I'm going to do now is give you a quick whirlwind tour of the three collect of three of the collections that we hold here and tell you a little bit about, you know, what they've done and how they've been used. So the first is the last refuge. I've put the SN in there, which might be a bit of an esoteric term if you're new to the UK data service, but all of the collections have a study number associated with it. There are collections through a lot of tools but if you do happen to run across a study number and SN. It's a really quick way to find a collection. So it's really useful to know about you can just pop that number into our data catalog and it'll bring up that exact collection. The last refuge was conducted by Peter Townsend, and it's a major investigation into long stay institutional care for old people in Britain in the late 1950s. And again a bit like, you know, family life and work experience but before 1918. This study was really exceptional for its breadth and range given the time that it was done. The collection has in depth interviews with 67 local authority chief welfare officers and with serving staff and residents of 173 institutions. It's also an important collection because of the diversity of contents. So it wasn't just interviews there were also photographs field notes and diaries. And I think another feature that is quite important about the collection is that the diaries are recorded by both members of staff and residents of the institutions. So I think this is one of the few examples where there are actual, you know, voices of residents of long stay institutions. So here you can see the richness of some of the images that are available with this data collection. And it really helps you to visualize more of the context of this collection. And the reason that this collection is so influential is twofold. So one was that it was a pioneering use of qualitative data in the area of old age retirement and isolation and services and so forth. Some quantitative work had been done, but really the use of qualitative data for this kind of direct policy relevance was new with Townsend's work. And the second reason was that this study had major policy implications, because Townsend's results changed whether long stay institutions were really the best place for the elderly. And I think part of the conclusion in the book is that for many elderly in some circumstances, it's, you know, they weren't the right form of institution, but it also had practical implications in that he recognized that people needed not just criticism, but also suggestions. So we came up with, you know, recommended improvements that institutions could adopt the next study I'll tell you a little bit about. It's my favorite study that we hold at the archive. And this is called the school leavers study. And in this case, the original data was collected in 1978 by a researcher named Ray Paul. This was work done with students on the Isle of Sheppy. So Sheppy is an island just off the eastern part of the UK, and Ray Paul had spent a long time studying many aspects of living and working on the Isle of Sheppy. So this included employment, education, religion, family. So huge range of issues. And somewhere in that process he got quite interested in schools and the educational experience. So he found out that teachers at one of the comprehensive schools were asked, you know, we're setting a particular kind of essay for pupils to complete just before they were due to leave school. So this is roughly about 16 years old. And I think, you know, this is actually quite a difficult kind of essay, but they were asked to imagine that they were nearing the end of their life. And they then had made them think back to the time that they left school. And they then had to write an imaginary account of how their life played out before leaving after leaving school at at 16. So this is, you know, the 30 or 40 years after. During a difficult exercise to engage in these students did an impressive job of providing details which allowed a quick glimpse into their aspirations expectations and realities of their lives to come. So, what we got as a result of that exercise is 141 of these essays. So there's 89 boys and 52 girls. And what you see here briefly is, because there's a lot more to be done with these essays. So I'm just highlighting a few key points is some themes of realism, possibly pessimism but definitely realism. So young people talked about mundane but stable and grounded jobs. They imagined very gradual career progression. And somewhat morbidly some predicted an early death, either for themselves or their loved ones. And the quotes give you a flavor of that kind of tone. And not all of the essays but these are the strong themes throughout the data set. So as I said very realistic very down to earth kinds of commentary. So for example we had one boy who said, it was hard finding a job, I failed a few chances but eventually got what I wanted locally. Or the boy who said I was on the dole for six months after leaving school until I got a job in a garage. Or the girl at the bottom, I longed for something exciting and challenging, but yet again I had to settle for second best. I began working in a large clothes factory. What's interesting is that contemporary researchers Graham Crow and Don Lyon went in about 2010, and they tried another similar exercise so it's not a strict replication. Because, you know, Ray Paul more or less stumbled upon the assignment that teachers had set. So there wasn't as much control over how the essay was put to students, but it's still a really useful re study. So Graham Crow and Don Lyon certainly took a lot of effort to try and make it as close to how it was put to students in the 70s as possible. So now we have a new collection of data, which offers a comparative to the present day. So like the first collection, it asked school leavers on Sheppy to imagine their lives and we get a very different story. So for young people, and about 2010 we hear different things. So again a similar sample size of about 110 essays that more evenly split between boys and girls. And generally the themes that arose from the presentation be students included stories of well paid instantaneous jobs, including signing a contract for football or singing. So we have choice but also a lot of uncertainty. We also clearly see the influence of celebrity culture. And again you get a feel for this re study from looking at the quotes, and you see how young people in 2010 had a very different view of the world from the young people in the late 70s. And he wrote that he had an amazing band and toward the world three times and sold 4 million records, and another thought he'd like to own a three bedroom luxury villa, a helicopter and a Bentley. And finally the girl at the bottom, who wanted to be anything from a dancer to a hairdresser to a horse rider. And if she was a dancer her dream would be to dance for Beyonce or someone really famous. So quite a shift in possibilities for young people today. In terms of the impact of this particular study is quite different from the last refuge. As part of the re study Graham Crow and online engaged with the community on the Isle of Sheppy, and actively sought to involve them in the process of data creation and analysis. As part of that initiative, they created the living and working on the Isle of Sheppy website, which you see here on the page. And this is where they have an archive so that the community members can see the original study, as well as what's been added as part of the re study. So it's given their community a bit of a written in oral history, while also engaging them in exploring their community from different perspectives. And they also have videos and art galleries and audio, so people can really experience the lived memory of their community. So finally for the third study. That I'm going to be looking at this one is actually a very well known mixed method study called the National Child Development Survey. And it follows the lives of over 17,000 people born in the same week of 1958. At this point, these people are surveyed every several years. And so far participants have they've been surveyed, I think it's about 10 times since the initial contact in 1958. And the most recent wave I believe was 2018 when the participants turned 60. So there should be another one coming up in another couple of years. And the first survey that was done started when the participants were just about seven years old. And at that point, information that had been collected was absolutely comprehensive so it included information about physical development, education, economic circumstances of the parents and family, employment, their own health, and well being, and their own social participation. So it's absolutely sweeping in terms of what's included. So simply from a standpoint of quantitative data. This is very good. But what makes it even better is that there's a qualitative addition to this fantastic collection, which allows for rich mixed methods data to be done. So in 1969, when the kids were aged 11, there was an interesting essay, and it was very similar to the school leavers essay, but it was a little bit different. And it was done with the children and they were asked to imagine that they were 25. So in a sense, perhaps a little bit more realistic experience in that they only had to project about, you know, about 15 years or so ahead, still difficult, perhaps at their age, but they got over 500 essays in the end. And of course, what's very valuable about this collection is twofold. One is that the sample size is large, particularly for a qualitative collection. But the second is that you have the quantity quantitative data to compare to what actually happened to them at age 25. So not only can you look at what they thought would happen, but then you can actually look at their lives at 25, and now also 45 and see how things actually unfolded. And there have been a number of articles written using this collection, Jane Elliott, whose publication looking at gender here on this slide is perhaps one of the best known people who have used this data set. Okay, so hopefully I've persuaded you that using qual and mixed data is a great idea, and that you might want to get your hands on some of it. So let me just go through how you can do that. And you can do that using our data catalog is aptly name. This slide just kind of gives you a glance at how you would be able to conduct a search using, you know, using the filters on the left hand side there so there's two different criteria that I've circled there. There are options there so you don't necessarily have to pick those. So when you click the find data tab at the top, and then click to access and browse data, that'll bring you to our data catalog. And the left hand menu has all the options for filtering. So I've set a filter here for qualitative and mixed methods data. And I've specified the United Kingdom. But again, there are options there so you can specify different countries as well. I've also picked just a general search term for food. And as you can see, we've got, you know, at least 44 collections that somehow have food as a keyword somewhere in the catalog record. So this could be in the abstract title the keywords or any of the subjects that are listed on the catalog page anywhere where food won't show up. So you can see a couple of examples here. You know, there's the consumer and traceability and older people's perceptions of experiences of strengths and vulnerabilities in the UK's food system. So that's how you would conduct a search. There are other, you know, filters that I haven't used there on the left. So you can be more specific about the kind of data that's returned. For example, if you only want current data, you can refine the dates of publication and that sort of thing. There is another online workshop and tutorials that we have available if you want further information about how to use our data catalog or how to find data. So we have a unique way to search for qualitative material specifically which is quality bank. And this is an online research resource which, you know, allows you to search browse and site qualitative materials. So you can get to it by clicking on the quality bank link that is just below the search bar in the data catalog, and quality bank allows you to search and browse and site qualitative data. It addresses three key issues that arise when reusing qualitative and mixed methods data. And I'm going to explain those issues just a little bit more as we go along. But in short, you are, you know, these are finding data, recontextualizing the data and citing the data. So if you want to search using quality bank, it's used in the same way as the data catalog. So, you know, you just type something into the search bar so here I've used typhoid. And again you can see like the data catalog, I get, you know, 22 results. What's different about how quality bank searches, however, is that it's actually searching through the data. So if you're looking for qualitative data that specifically has a key word or concept in it, then you can use quality bank to search through the data itself, rather than just the catalog record. And this is a key issue in reusing qualitative data. How do you find the right data for your project? The nature of qualitative data is that it's rich in depth and detailed and could potentially answer a lot of different research questions beyond the ones that the original investigators chose. So taking the time to familiarize yourself with the data can be quite time consuming if you're searching for a specific topic, and it returns a number of collections. But quality bank helps resolve some of this by searching through the data itself. So hopefully you'll have a better idea of whether that data is the right kind of data for your project. So right now quality bank has about 50 collections uploaded into its database, but we are going to quickly expand that hopefully soon, but you can browse through all of that data. If you know what collection you want to look through specifically or if you have certain criteria for our participants age, gender, socioeconomic status or region, you can also refine those characters using the left hand menu, as you would have done in the data catalog as well. You'll need to hit refine when you do actually tick some of those browsing facets otherwise the search won't take that facet into account. But yeah, there's a there's a range of criteria there that you can filter. So from that search on typhoid, I then chose to look at the interview with Mrs. omission. And you can see the interview transcript laid out on the web page and your search term would be highlighted within that transcript. What's also nice about quality bank is that it links to external resources. So, just there at the, at the very top of the slide, you can see that we've got further resources and collection documentation linked there if you click that link. Thank you to the bottom of the page after the transcript finishes, and there would be a variety of resources and, you know, that are related to that particular interview. So this could be things like audio extracts. I think there's a book for the book abstract for the Edwardians, which is where this collection of this particular interview is from images that are related to the collection metadata on the participants. And it's a really useful tool to help you contextualize that specific qualitative data. And this added context, whether it's accompanying audio expanded discussion on the data from the original investigators, or some other project which reuse the data. This really helps to re contextualize the data. This added context helps you understand the limitations and the opportunities within that data. And again, quality bank gives you the this direct through those additional resources. Finally, there's also the ability to site using quality quality bank. So we all know how important it is to cite your work properly. And that's no different when you are reusing data. So quality bank automatically generate citations for you to copy and paste into your work. Simply click the create citation button in the left hand menu, then highlight with your cursor, a portion of the text that you want to site. Then that create citation button turns into a retrieve citation button. And you can click on that and you get a small pop up window like this. And that would automatically appear with the citation and the citation is very specific. It directs viewers to the passage that you've highlighted. So if someone were looking at this citation and they were to click on the persistent identifier. That's the URL at the end of the citation. It would bring them specifically to the highlighted portion of that transcript. And that addresses the third issue and reusing qualitative data, which is all about evidencing your conclusions. So you don't just cite the general collection or perhaps even the transcript, you actually get a much finer grain reference. So others can see the quotation in the full context of the interviewer data set. So this really helps to add weight to your conclusions and it demonstrates transparency to your processes and your analysis. And I think is a tool that's, you know, we're still expanding on at the archive we're still working on support materials to help you use it effectively, and we're still building up the database that it draws from. If you do have queries about it please feel free to get in touch with us. And we always have new data coming in. So I've covered just a few specific examples of collections and reuse projects. I want to give you a sense of the kind of breath of data that we have, but I just wanted to put up a few examples of some of the more recent acquisitions within the last few years, just to show you what sorts of things are always coming in. So we have data on things, you know, big major political issues like Brexit and COVID got things like LGBT rights. There's a few collections on climate change, as well as collections that are done with vulnerable and hard to reach populations like refugees and children. So these collections, you know, are always being updated, we get new collections every week, and most of these are available digitally. So it's, it's a growing part of our archive. Now we'll turn to the final sections of this presentation and just talk a little bit about access and some other tools and resources to help you get started. Data are freely available to anybody who registers with us. Now we do have material that's held under different licenses. So you might remember the collection I mentioned on presidential coalitions and how it's not quite as accessible as some of the other collections. This is, this is what I'm talking about some of the restrictions here. So for example, we can hold open data, which is freely accessible to anyone. Even those who are not registered with the archive, we only have a handful of collections like that. There's obvious ethical implications regarding open data. So in terms of our qualitative collections, most of those are safeguarded data. And that does require you to register. And then of course we also have some qualitative data that's held under more restricted conditions. Any conditions for a data set would be listed on its catalog record. But basically, if you're using the data for a non commercial purpose, that data is free to use once you register with us. And data are available in multiple formats. So for qualitative data, that's usually text we use RTF as is our standard for archiving. There's also PDFs as well. We hold just just a couple examples of qual software packages. It's not some because they're proprietary it's not something we normally hold. But we have had some depositors who wanted to deposit those. And we also hold images, some audio and some video as well. There's not huge collections in the audio and video, simply because of the size that it takes, but increasingly we do take them. And there are rather, you know, archives that that hold that specialize in audio and video as well. But if you if you were interested in that you just need to get in touch with us. So if you are at a UK university, your own username and password would get you in. If you're not, you'll need to make an application and assuming you meet the criteria and agree to the terms and conditions, which I'm going to say a little bit more about on the next slide. You'd be issued with a UK data service specific username and password, which would get you access to the data. It would probably take me longer to actually read this slide and explain registration than it is to actually do the registration. So I'm going to, I'll leave you to have a look at that. The only thing I want to point out is that when you go through registration, you have to accept the terms and conditions of our end user license. So this is a legal documents. And, you know, it's about as exciting as any legal document is, but I want to stress just two points from this documents. If you sign up to use the data from the UK data service, you are agreeing not to disclose the identity of parties participants, even if you should discover who they are. In most cases, you'll not be able to uncover identity of participants because the data has been anonymized. But even if you should, you're not permitted to disclose that identity. The second point is that you can't share the data onward, and that means with anybody. So if you're working within a wider research team or if you are, you know, using the data for teaching with your students or if you're a student and you want to share it with your supervisor, you can't. We have lots of resources available for students and researchers, and those people who would also like to use it can always register separately and download the data for themselves. So just to point out, don't disclose the identities and don't share the data onward. Those are the main things to remember about our end user license. Downloading the data. Again, there's a great short video which walks you through the process. You pick your data. You have to write a short description about what you plan to do with the data. It's a little bit like an online shopping experience except with data. The video tutorials are really useful if you've not downloaded the data before. You do have to kind of enter what the use of the data is and then assign that collection to that use. It's a little bit of an extra step, if you will, from just dropping the data in your basket and checking out, if you will. But once you've done it once or twice, it is fairly straightforward how you do it. Some useful tips, particularly for new users. At the very bottom of our opening page down near the Contact Us and Legal Bits, we have a link for advice to new users. It will take you to our guides that have been specifically set up for those who are coming into the service for the first time. We've got all sorts of resources on how to find data with our data catalog, how to register and access the data, what kinds of data we hold. And there are other kind of these sorts of workshops and online webinars on census data, micro data, longitudinal data. So you can get all of those online. The recordings of those are all on our YouTube channel. And you can also get in touch with us to send a help desk request. And we do have a growing collection of video tutorials and how to guides. Again, you know, on the main menu at the top. You can under the Learning Hub, you'd be able to find our video tutorials there. But there's also our YouTube channel, which is listed here, that will allow you to access all of our recordings. There are a few more events coming up. Just to say we're kind of at the end of the semester now. So we run in line with the academic year a little bit with our training. So we've kind of finished up the round of webinars and online workshops that we've done now. Now we do have a few of these events that are listed already, but we are going to add the events for next semester soon. So do check back at our upcoming events to see when those are going to be. You know, we cover things like data management and anonymization if you're actually working with and processing data. Or if you're interested in reusing data, we have more webinars on things like introduction to secondary analysis. So do check back and see what other events we've got coming up. And just a few more resources. So I've gone through the support and how to guides, as well as events like our online workshops. We've got advice for data management for those who are in the early stages of their research or if you're coordinating large programs, which involve, you know, multi university collaborations. We're happy to talk with you about your data management requirements, whether you're just a single individual or part of a larger consortium. We're also to hear about very eager to hear about how you are getting on with our data what you're doing with it. So if you've used it in a previous publication or in teaching, please get in touch and let us know and we can help you publicize that. So if you've got a link to a publication from reuse, we can publish that on our websites or, you know, get you featured in one of our case studies. So our case studies look at people's experiences of reusing or depositing data. It's reusing in a wide sense, so whether that's research or teaching or some other use, we'd still love to hear your story of reuse. And then of course, if you have further questions, please see our help pages and our FAQs. And finally, the usual ways if you have a specific questions of us, we do have lots of pages if you're new to using data, but you can also email us. We're also on social media. So I've got the Twitter handle listed there, but we also have a just mail list where we publish our recent acquisitions. And we also post our event recordings on the YouTube channel. So thank you for listening. I hope you found this helpful for getting started with your reuse project.