 Great work in completing module one and a welcome to module two. Now you're familiar with the theory and the process of HP and understand how it has been used. We will share with you some practical insights and tips on how to use HP to design and conduct your own research, joining all our experiences of using HP in Ghana, Zambia, and New Zealand. In this first video of the module, I will provide a brief overview of some general issues to consider in designing our research approach using HP. Professor Renwick will then guide you through some most important practical issues in the following videos. Reviews of HP applications and our own experiences of using HP are tasks that engaging decision makers in the HP process. So participatory approach is very important, no matter what your research objectives may be. To prepare a good participatory approach, it's important that you do some best research and a prep work first, so you can have a well structured approach that will effectively engage stakeholders to achieve your research objectives. Some essential topics to consider for your desk research and prep work include first identifying criteria are also referred to as domains based on existing literature. Clearly defined criteria or domains will help you structure engagement with key stakeholders. At domain level, you may want to consider using widely used or well known frameworks. For example, established sustainability framework that looks at social economic environmental issues or well known policy or guidelines on land uses that these key issues to consider. This way, the domains can be broad enough to accommodate different stakeholders' views, but at the same time, clear enough so the stakeholders you engage with in your interviews can understand and relate to the domains easily. You can find examples in reading materials provided and you should also watch video two in this module for more details. Also just to note that if you're using HP to investigate drivers of land use decisions, you should definitely engage land use decision makers to identify the sub criteria are also referred to as sub domains. The research approach I mentioned in the earlier module as part of Sentinel project is a good example. If you use HP to assist decision making, you may want to consider trying to pre-select and define your subdomains through desk research and all engaging with key stakeholders and experts. The New Zealand approach Professor Randwick introduced in module one is a good example here. In addition to the domains, you also need to identify the basic understanding of the stakeholders and the land use decision makers you would want to engage in the process. For example, the current size of land they manage the current land use, whether stakeholders make land use decisions as a group or individual. The basic understanding can help you identify the right stakeholders, tailor your interview questions, and will also help you decide how to best structure interviews. For example, if land use decisions are normally made in a group, then you may want to consider interviewing those stakeholders as a group, so you can observe and understand the group decision dynamics. Video four under this module will provide more guidance on how to best engage individuals versus groups. When you start down your preparation when you start your interviews using HP, you may also want to consider a few other key issues. First to be very clear of your research objectives as well as your budget and timeline, so you can choose the best approach that suits you. For example, if you're constrained on time and resources and aims to only understand tradeoffs rather than supporting decision making, then you may want to consider only doing pairwise comparisons at domain level. And investigate what are the sub-domains without necessarily doing the pairwise comparison as we did in the Sentinel project. Secondly, start with general questions to warm up the interviewees. For example, start with questions that are easier for them to answer, and it can help you understand their land and land use better. For example, very simple questions like how many years they have been managing their land. Then you can move on to general questions to understand key criteria they consider when making land use decisions. For example, if you're trying to understand land expansion decisions, start with general questions like what are the key issues you consider when you decide how much and where to expand your land. Those general questions are not only easier for interviewees to answer and engage with. They will also give you an opportunity to get some concrete tailored examples to help your interviewees do pairwise comparison later. It's also useful to note that not all stakeholders will understand the concept of tradeoffs, so design your question to accommodate that. Concrete examples based on their answers to the general questions will help you come up with examples that they can relate to. And the pairwise comparison will also help prompt stakeholders to think through the relative importance of different land use objectives. Therefore, review relevant insights on how they manage tradeoffs without necessarily using the term tradeoff. But don't get too fixated on only getting quantitative data through pairwise comparison. Building questions to understand the stories and rationales from your interviewees and why they get more important to one issue comparing to the other, and how they assign the weight. The pairwise comparison can really help stimulate this type of discussions, which can provide a qualitative information about how land users manage tradeoffs. You can fully take advantage of HP strong points as outlined in module one, and use radar graphics that can be generated superwise comparison to engage stakeholders and encourage them to give you more information and have more in depth discussion about tradeoffs. Later in this module, you will learn about how to use an Excel tool to structure such participatory approach in New Zealand. Another useful tip is to do trial round with people you're familiar with to test out your interview questions and approach first. This can help you improve and perfect your interview approach. Also, you will likely have a lengthy discussion with key stakeholders through using HP. So it is useful to consider ways to record your interview result effectively so you can capture all the important discussions and reach information you may get from them. For example, you could try to tape record interview if it's agreeable with your interviewees, or you may want to prepare standard interview recording sheet so you can start summarizing interview responses in a standard format already that can allow easy comparison amongst interviewees later when you try to analyze the data. And always ensure that you cover all key important aspect of your research, and this type of standard interview recording sheet can really help that. Last but not least, it will also help if you can consider building ways to allow your interview is to provide feedback after interview, you will learn an example of how to do so later in this module. I hope some of the general tips are useful to you. In the rest of the module Professor roundwick will guide you through some most important practical issues to consider when using HP including how to select and refine criteria and sub criteria, how to use Excel based tools for HP and how to design participatory approach. See you there.