 Exosomes are small vesicles secreted by cells that contain proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. These vesicles have been found to be able to travel long distances and deliver their contents to other cells, which has led to them being studied extensively as potential diagnostics and therapeutics. Recent studies have revealed that exosomes can be targeted specifically to certain types of cells, allowing for more precise delivery of drugs and genes. Additionally, exosomes can be used as biomarkers for disease diagnosis, as they contain information about the cell of origin. This article was authored by Yuan Zhong, Yun Feng Liu, Hai Ying Liu, and others.