 So here we go the Y versus Delta. So I've got my Y system here and one of the reasons why we can tell it's a Y is Funny enough. It looks like a Y. These are my that my Transformers are my windings you could call them and it looks like a Y over here they have the Delta system and It's the reason why they call it Delta is it's shaped like the Greek symbol Delta So I've not that's basically the only reason why you can understand why they call it Delta looked into it And that's what I came up with Y systems some advantages of the Y systems. I got some notes here first off you have three lines You have this line here line one line two line three. I should have named those one two or three or A, B and C. I Have these windings each winding is 120 degrees out of phase with the other winding. All right So they're 120 degrees difference and that's big now when we are dealing with these that tells us that we have two Different voltages available to us with a Y system. Okay, now I know a lot of you guys have got this theory down pat But again, this is just a broad overview. So don't sit there and go crazy if I get something a little off here Now we have the nice advantage of having the Y system is this neutral It allows us to have two different voltages because we can have our line to line voltage Just like we have and we have a center tapped single phase system We have a line to line voltage, but then we also have a line to neutral voltage Now if this is a single phase system, and this is 120 volts and this is 120 volts My line to line voltage would be 120 volts, right? That's fairly obvious However, because these are 120 degrees separated from each other, you can't just add these guys up You have to add them up vectorially not Arithmetic is what I tell my students. So I would have to take this guy and say, okay It's 120 volts at you could say negative 30 degrees plus 120 volts at 90 degrees to get your line to line voltage Which works out to be in this case if you have 120 and 120, it's 208 So you have 208 volts sound familiar. You have 208 volts. So some advantages of this Let me let me just actually move on to the next slide here Now when we're dealing with this you have your E line Which is line to line is equal to root 3 Times e phase that's a quick way working it out instead. I happen to do all that Trigonometry you can just use the root 3 which is 1.732 times that by the e phase which is 120 And that's where we get our 208 from now our current again just to say this 120 vectorally with 120 gives us 208 our current However, it's going to be in series with this and current in series doesn't change So our I line equals our I phase now this adds to let's talk about some advantages. I got my notes here Some advantages of why now you can have two voltages, which is nice You can bring three phase in and you could have single phase available to you. There's that you have your neutral point Which is generally grounded. I should have put a ground on here, but that's star point Sometimes it's called a star point is grounded It's good for unbalanced loads It requires less number of turns in the Delta's Tight because you have a lower voltage here You're using this voltage plus this voltage instead of having one winding having to carry all the line voltage And you have less insulation too because this voltage is going to be lower But you can still get the 208 safely out of that. So it's very very Useful that way and you see them a lot on the if you have a Delta Y system It's they they use this to get the two voltages out of it very common in buildings commercial and industrial You'll see that some of the disadvantages are if it's if you've got a Y connected motor you get less torque out of it And it's a little more expensive. So that's your Y connection Now this could be for distribution and you notice I've got that the coils here or you can have it set up as a load I could have had a resistor load here. You can have loads set up in Y as well Again, this is just a quick overview. I can go in on forever and ever about this now This is the Delta system the Delta system is a bit different than the Y in the fact that you don't if you notice line to line Here is just across a phase So your line and your phase voltage are the same voltage So this is a hundred and twenty volts your line to line is a hundred and twenty volts So there's that the difference is your currents because if you have your currents here You have your phase current coming up to this point and this phase current come up to this point And they meet at a node and then they go into the line That's where you have to use that route three because again We have to add them victorily because you can't just say this guy plus this guy equals your current You got this guy coming it at an angle this guy coming in hot at another angle. So you're going to get a different Current so if you look at this here your E line equals E phase, which is very true It's your current that changes now some of the advantages for a Delta system is the motor torque It's got high motor torque. You can handle it because it's got a higher current it can handle. It's more efficient The protection is generally fairly simple. They're set up for heavy-duty applications. They're great for transmissions You'll often see them set up as a Delta Y transformer When you are sending them across lines in for transmission They prefer to have the Delta configuration even though the current might be a little higher because you only require three wires Now there are you can't get you can get the high leg when you talk about the high leg Delta You can actually tap this and ground it and have two voltages. You'd actually have three voltages present again I'm not going to get into that. That'll be another voltage or another video for another day The disadvantage to this guy though is it has no neutral. So it's just line-to-line You can't get two voltages out of this generally you can like I said with that high leg one But we're not going to talk about that another downside to this is that ground faults are really difficult to detect Because you don't have that grounded point So they can be a bit of a nightmare to work on Anybody that's worked in the plant knows that you connect you have a ground fault detection system That just indicates which phase it's on then you got to go looking for it. I've done that I've worked I've spent days trying to track down ground faults in a plant that I worked out a styrofoam manufacturing plant back What else they're really they're really useful for distribution for that reason because you have three wires not four So you save some money on that So see if I've covered all my notes here Some motors just as a note they'll have these soft starters. So they're gonna start a motor They'll start it in Y and then they'll move it up to Delta because you've got a lower current in Y and a higher current in Delta So they they call them soft starts a Y Delta soft starter again Maybe I'll do a video on why Delta soft starters later on in this in the year here So that's just generally basically just a quick overview of what they do and what the systems are that again The difference generally is just the shape and the way they're set up the Y has got that neutral into it So it act makes it very useful. You can have two different voltages out of that It's generally going to be on the second area of your transformer. The primary will generally be a Delta Now I'm not saying there's not a wide Delta transformers It's just more common to see a Delta Y configuration of a transformer And I think that's about all I wanted to really touch on today Yeah, so hopefully you guys got something out of this. I'm just gonna get rid of this Guy right here. Let's just escape him and I'm gonna call the video up here So hopefully I'd help you guys. Hopefully I answered I can't remember. I think it was Anthony that asked the question Hopefully I know it was really not a ton of information Just kind of a light skim over of the difference between a Y and Delta If there's anything else you guys want, let me know If you're wanting me to do a more in-depth one on this like getting into the math and all that Let me know because I'll do plan on building one of this But if there is a demand for it, I will build a proper one like I do if you go to my YouTube channel I've built a ton of them on there So if you go to my YouTube channel You see the kind of work I've done before if you want something more in-depth on three-phase like behind the math and I hookups and all that I can do a whole three-phase series because that's what it would take This is just once again just a brief overview of that. Make sure you stop by the site check out www.TheElectricAcademy.com Make sure you sign up for the newsletter I send one out every Wednesday and it's just keeps you guys in the know what's going on with the Electric Academy With things that are coming up articles if I've got some blog entries that are doing well I usually post them on there as well. Hey, thanks Tim and Josh good to see you guys and Just keep the requests coming. I've been loving this. It's been so great I've been talking to tons of you guys through email and How do you check any kind of industrial motor? That's a great question one. There's another one that goes into the bank then So we'll have to talk about that Yeah, I'm gonna put that on my list right now before I forget just so you guys can see that I actually do write this stuff down. I have been having a blast interacting with you guys Keep the emails coming. Please keep the direct messages coming. Please. I Love talking to you guys. I love helping you out. I love I love doing all the research on this I've learned some stuff just on this one. I've worked a bit with the three-phase stuff, but I don't teach it a lot yet So it's good to kind of brush up on that. So please keep those comments. I really appreciate all the feedback Hopefully you guys are having a great day. I'm having a fantastic day getting ready to start coaching as my son's soccer team I talked to my co-coach. He's five years old So that should be interesting my 14 year old starts hockey tomorrow So it's gonna be very busy this fall, but that's why we're in it. We love it as parents Okay, have a great night guys. I will have probably another one of these I'll probably do another one on maybe a quick one tomorrow as well Maybe not set something so technical. Maybe just more of a rant. I got something lined up. You're gonna love it I know I did. All right. Hope you guys are working safe. And yes, I definitely will want make sure you join the Join the Facebook group at least or join the newsletter Just go to the Electric Academy comm and join that newsletter man And then you'll know when they're coming up I'll start scheduling these a little more and like, you know, what's happening and what I've got lined up So I think that'd be a little bit more interesting and useful to you guys You work for the government. I gotta go Just kidding Canadian or American I guess would be the question. I'm Canadian, but that doesn't mean I don't know about the American government So we'll see. Good luck to all you guys down in Florida. Holy man. That is quite some Storm you got coming your way. So please Stay safe and You guys who are out on the field stay safe Juan. I'll be in touch And make sure you hook up with me on facebook send me a message about more what you want to know And I'll go with that. All right guys. Have a great night. This has been fun and work safe