 Everyone's talking about 5G these days. For us as network engineers, how can we leverage the presence of other technologies in utilizing or servicing 5G to our maximum advantage? This module is about utilizing fog computing, which is user end or edge network side of cloud computing, as a support or an enabling environment for 5G technology adoption. We are going to look at how 5G technology is going to be conceived over time, how will the people embrace it, and then how fog computing can be thought of as an enabler. 5G, as we know it, is a multilayered heterogeneous network. Though we look at it purely from the communication perspective, from the network and service perspective, it subsumes all the technologies which preceded it. New technologies and new services like mobile satellite service, digital video broadcast, wireless LANs and personal area networks, and the YMAX technology, all are going to be interoperable and going to be dovetailed with 5G. And then in our coverage context, we have the micro, pico, PEMTO, and relay cells, which would also coexist in 5G network. So if we appreciate the services that 5G could possibly offer, including all the services from 4G back to 1G, including some newer services like user experience, involving a lot of contextualization, what is the best way to move to 5G technology once we have these technologies available? We could think of it in a very evolutionary manner, or we could think of it as a very radical system deployment, or we could think of it as a coexistence of the evolution and integration of deployment, integration and deployment of newer technologies. 4G, as we know it, has some performance requirements, which in turn generate the network requirements. For instance, we have the latency requirements. We have mobility, that is, speed requirements. We have the data rates. We have the packet delay budget requirements for interactive traffic for guaranteed delivery, et cetera. And then some packet loss ratios. If you look at 5G, it is way ahead in most of these technical and business requirements. So how can we possibly think of the existing technologies, which could help us to leverage its existence for moving to 5G smoothly? Let's look at Pog computing. Pog is essentially a fad or a buzzword that extends the cloud computing concept to the edge of the network. Once edge means it involves smartphones, tablets, and other user equipment involving emerging areas which overlap across these, including the concept of mobile communication, micro-clouds, the distributed system design considerations, and of course, incorporation of data analytics. These devices, which form part of the Pog computing environment through cooperation, offer their services, of course, through some incentive for storage and processing. The advantage of Pog versus cloud is the immense proximity, because the users are actually offering their services and leveraging the services from other users in their proximity. Then the users are many, so the density is very high, and their support for mobility already embedded through a default feature of mobile communication. This is a good comparison of how Pog computing is going to compete with cloud computing against different service types, location, the number of nodes which could participate, and the geographical distribution, the throughput, and delay parameters, and the deployment. So if you look at all these, you will understand that Pog complements can't exist at its own that much, because some kind of federation is the hallmark or the beauty of cloud computing, but essentially it is going to augment the services provided by the cloud environment. Think about the overall performance of network, particularly 5G network in our case, as a weighted sum of the coverage that 5G network offers, the capacity that it has for a certain number of users, and the quality of service experience. So we can think about interesting use cases. In fact, I'm going to refer the research paper to you from where I have quoted these. The first one is crowd sensing the base station through active probing, through a packet train, and through the passive received signal strength indicator measurement, the cloud devices, the Pog computing devices would interact with each other and could also interact with the environment to update the status of certain base stations, like E node Bs in a world packet core environment. Then we have the OTT services. We already know what OTT services are. So here, in this case, the network management activities could be offloaded to the mobile devices, because in Pog environment, we don't need an extra network entity, a recognized network element to be incorporated by the service providers. So this is the beauty of having a handy environment of Pog computing. Then, since we have a variety of connectivity types, we call them the verticals and the horizontals. That is, within the technology spectrum, we can move from one technology to the other, like Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, EVO, et cetera, in case of backup. Or we can move from within staying in the same technology, we can move from one device to the other that's simply handover. So network selection and in a heterogeneous environment could be facilitated through the devices in Pog computing. And interestingly, some kind of download activity on the mobile devices could be done in a mutually-shared manner that's known as the bandwidth borrowing in machine-to-machine communication or device-to-device communication. Or even you, if you're interested in doing some kind of torrent download, you could harness the presence of other mobile devices in your proximity. And you could come up with some kind of caching or mirroring mechanism that benefits all. And then with regards to the availability of multiple wireless interfaces, some kind of beamforming could also be thought, where uploading activity could be available, could be improved by identifying a total number of interfaces which are available, and then creating multiple streams of your traffic, which could be uploaded, saving the overall time in upload or even download activity. The paper is available online. It is fog computing as a support for a 5G network by Tony Genevsky. We know Tony Genevsky very well from the Next Generation Network textbook.