 Sapling stands for sustainable animal productivity for livelihood, nutrition and gender equality. Sapling really looks at better understanding livestock systems and left-wing value chains across seven countries in Africa and in Asia. We want to take advantage of working across all those countries to support collaboration. Looking at, in this case, Nepal and Kenya, what can they learn from each other? What are the similarities and the differences? And what can they pick in terms of lessons learned or failures? And it is far more difficult if just individual projects work in individual countries. And we have learned that in previous experiences that there is this great opportunity for broader learning but it is not so easy to do this in hindsight. So that's why when Sapling was actually set up, there was a lot of emphasis on introducing country research programs which would run in parallel and had structural similarities so that lessons could be learned much easier. In Nepal, we are focusing on the dairy value chain specifically with buffalos and specifically in the eastern lowlands of Nepal where a lot of dairy production is concentrated. Specifically, we are partnering with the national research organizations and with local governments to support dairy cooperatives but also the supporting institutions like the breeding organizations and the research organizations. As in all Sapling value chain work, we focus both on technology improvements, bundled improvements of genetics, animal health and feeding as well as the value chain integration, improving the productivity and the integration into markets as well as being aware of the gender aspects and the nutrition implications of these interventions we are proposing. One of the major issues is the suitable breed for our country and talking in terms of breeds then reducing the cost of production like in case of milk, meat. So it's a big challenge to reduce the cost of production because every farmer in Nepal they say we are not in profit. Youth from Nepal, they are migrating to other countries for working. We came to Kenya to see how the livestock sector is coming up in Kenya and what are the reasons behind it. Karl Rove visited and we saw that they are really doing well. We don't have to change a lot. Small interventions, small changes can make a big change. Today I share with the policy makers in Nepal policy makers about the forage production especially climate smart forages which can help small scale farmers to cut cost in one way or another. There are a lot of things that they can be able to learn from the way we are conserving our indigenous species. We talked about the development of the indigenous chicken breed the conservation aspects that we are carving around the way we are distributing the chicken all over the country. At the theory research institute of Karo, it is our pleasure and we felt that it was important to host the Nepal delegation. We had a conversation around technologies, around innovations, around management practices on the livestock value chains here in Kenya. We also had to share with them areas of collaboration with our partners and also they had to learn about the police environment that we are operating in. We saw in Karl Rove that they are working so nicely, working to conserve their indigenous breed and for production level they are crossing the indigenous breed with the exotic breeds and disseminating the research work to the ground level, to the farmers in a very organized way. The livestock sector research is we have found quite good here in the Kenya both in Ilri and from the government sector also. Building development area and vaccination and infectious disease control area this Kenya has done quite a lot and Ilri has also done quite a lot in this regard and these things our knowledge has enhanced to some extent. That is why it will help us in coming days to replicate in Nepal. We have limited range land especially in the high Himalaya region above 3000 meter elevation and these range land are now degrading and we need to improve it. We have learned some ideas from the Kenya that range land management is one of the best option to sustain wild animals and domestic animals side by side. Livestock is not just a single commodity. It's different animals, it's sheep and goats and cattle and camels, poultry and pigs. It's different commodities, it's meat and milk and eggs and putting that again in different institutional and national settings country economies are very different, country institutional setups are very different means that we need to do our research in real places on the ground in real situations. One of the strengths as well that we have is that we're a global organization so we do that research and tailor it in many different situations around the world and that allows us to bring lessons as well from different parts of the world so that when we work together with partners, when we co-create solutions we're not just looking at the national solution if you like we're looking at what works somewhere else. How could we adapt this to make it work here on the ground? It is important we have evidence-based information data that support investment options for the livestock sub-sector. That is very key, especially when we are developing our livestock mass-applying which attracts investment from various development partners. It has to be for Nepal and therefore the Nepal people. We were really pleased to have the group of Nepal policy makers come and visit us and we really look forward to working together and to making the lives of Nepoli dairy farmers and of the consumers of course as well, better through livestock.