 Fantastic to be here. I'm really privileged to share these talks with you because it feels quite special, you know I think everybody understands that something is sort of happening. We just need to move it along a little bit faster But I just wanted to check one thing. How many of you? Check your phone Just the last thing before you go to bed right most How many of you walk on the street with your phone in your head bumping into people? Right, how many of you met a girlfriend a boyfriend on the internet? Well, there is future so there's a chance right could you take your phone and swap it with your neighbor and Let them have a good roam around it Just So so this this So this is see how difficult it is this are such intimate little objects That we not prepared to share them with just about anybody But we share them with about million people in UK who have high vetted surveillance clearance To have a good look at everything that's on it. Well, but they're looking at what you do on your smartphone So what's on the data the data that you look last thing before you go to bed? The email you check first thing in the morning. You're sharing that activity of quite a lot of people So today, we just wanted to have a quick quick look to see how we can unfuck what happened over the last few years So when we started in 1994 Internet was incredibly innocent little creature. We were terribly keen on Sharing connecting and bringing the goodness to the world Many because I was teaching nurses computing and One thing I realized that the best way to teach that is to bring people together to share it in the same space So not giving them exercise to go home But bring them together and I somehow discovered that by bringing them together and putting bunch of computers around It's really kind of created spirit of the group and people were able to crack even the worst statistics a math lab So we put it out on the high on the high street because we created situation where everybody could learn Connected to the internet and this were the first things we had so you Dora mosaic FTP and a very very Cranky slow connection from easy net And you know when I look at it, what do we do today? We still do it We just iterate it's a little bit more on the topics, but they're still the same functionalities So essentially nothing has changed. It just got a fraction Easier and a fraction faster not quite fast enough as some people in Hebden bridge. I think noticed but the fiber is coming apparently But what has changed since then it's a lot of other things happened I've done a lot of crypto work and I was behind a team that introduced SSL in 1996 to the shops mainly because it was possible to buy stuff with credit cards Well before it wasn't or you could buy you'd be really crazy to do it So I moved after Siberia Developing the whole cyber cafe concept. I moved to top shop worked with Philip green is somehow persuaded them that SSL Was strong enough to let the crowds on it little did I know that you know, SSL was a big ward I was just about to happen, but we did it and Some things developed fairly slowly and in a trusted way ie We thought that we were developing things not knowing what was going on behind the scenes And the first sort of big war that I got involved with was the cookie wars Because as you remember the cookies were necessary for commerce. They hold the sessions So they allow you to actually create the transaction But what they also allowed is the advertising crowd showed up Before there was not quite enough people to do advertising online, but about 9697 there was enough and All the advertising industry woke up saying ah ha, this is people who we can sell stuff too And they decided to create bad cookies So the cookies that we still pestered by today who remember your data who know exactly what you do Who will keep track of you in a way that you probably wouldn't want to We lost that war that was the first time that The advert the commercial word won against the engineers because till then The internet was run by engineers and whatever they said went But that was challenged and actually for the ones who remember it was mark under scene who was in the Bed camp so when he said that suddenly emerged from Using open source and being the good guy and shifting towards supporting supporting the advertising industry We thought okay knives out the gloves off. This is war and this was war that we kind of fought and lost till about 2004 when Google decided to Create a business model on reading your email and Today we accept it, but then it was so incredibly shocking that The idea of a business opening your email opening the most intimate of your communications and somehow making money out of it It was just unthinkable They knew it was unthinkable. So Eric Schmidt kept saying oh well, you know, we get up to creepy But we don't quite cross the line and for well creepy depends on who definition of creepy because for us It was pretty bad, but again the commercial words won carried on and We just kept feeding it more and more because if you look at the average Facebook photo I love the Facebook photos with the feet people always think well I won't take a selfie because that's a bit too vain But I'll put my feet there and they feed that that somehow gets them out of bank Tracked by data and when you look at it's an image recognition It's very easy to define if the feet are of a male or female and if it's young or old So you can generate quite a lot of information from a little to feet You can also generate a lot of more information. Where have you been? How much did you spend? How much money do you make? You're immediately become a really nice stream of data that's just flowing out You you did one little photo. Meanwhile, everybody will be like hundreds of skookies and Advertising people just checking Registering and creating your lovely little stream of data behind you and we didn't really ask for it We didn't particularly create a business system base business model based on advertising But it is the easiest model there and we have to recognize that because it does pay for a lot of good stuff But if you look how invasive it is that this is just the top of the iceberg There's probably 170 data points that you can derive from fairly average picture and The amount of time we spent online It's it's just growing up and up and up So at the moment we having well particularly the kids spent additional five hours per day on the phone. What were they doing before? It's kind of difficult to understand until you realize it's all multitasking. So this is not new time This is the time that they do something else or we do something else So we walk on the street and for 20 minutes between your work and your bus stop you are on the phone Before you were just walking. So so a little bit step by step We're not just doing one thing, but we definitely tend towards doing two or three things at the same time one of them involving a phone So the average time on the phone at the moment for the teenagers is almost longer than this. I think it's more than they sleep I think the numbers are it's more than they sleep And I wonder how many of us can actually look at the number of hours spent on the phone And is it close to how much we sweep I bet it's coming there So one thing which we kind of miss like how is the whole Growth of how of cloud computing When we had little sloppy disks You couldn't really put that much on it. So if you wanted to spy on somebody It wouldn't be terribly satisfactory because the amount of data wouldn't be really sufficient to do anything with plus it wasn't accessible Now we're going to the cloud. It's Infinite what can be stored and it's terribly accessible Even if you follow all the procedures and try to make it secure Cloud essentially at the moment is not particularly secure. So the data just the floating up there So we have the massive increase of data self-input We just put the data in all the time all the stand hours per day just data goes in Social media selfies Gmail that's kept thread and also the drones which created additional data points You can see it more and more insured it people kind of trying to Investigate is there a queue in the nightclub before I actually bothered to go out? I think it's probably on the verge of illegal But you know people do it and also cash one thing we've noticed over the last two years the cash is going so mobile payments are partially part of it, but obviously cashless and When cash goes data of your payments become digital Truckable you can keep it you can analyze it. It's nice little pile of your daily information and The algorithms to interpret are getting smarter sharper and faster So the combination of increased storage Low very low cost of storage and the ability to process it just hand it over a massive advantage to spice So we make it Harder harder ourselves because even if you look at selfies they were better enough a selfies now people have selfie sticks So I work very close to Oxford Street And I tell you it's lethal to try to get through the tourists of doing that and that But it's now double the amount of people because the selfie stick allows you to take a picture of two people three people four people So yet more data coming in and more facial recognition to train the algorithm So the whole thing is just speeding up faster and faster But the users are not happy when you look at research. It was a big research by Annenberg Foundation about six months ago It's not that people accept it. They are resigned to accept it. They're saying well, we're not happy 91% of quite big study was definitely not happy that the personal data is being shared without the knowledge kept by Records and with unknown use or use that is commercial against them But what's happened is that they Think that there's no other choice that it is what it is and they made feel guilty about Out blockers which we discussed before but out blockers is another big topic So when you look at the value exchange what people questioned they're saying who gets my data. I don't know how much is it Worth to me. I don't know that either. Can I revoke my permissions? I don't know How do I allow permission based on time and place because sometimes it's okay to have my data, but Not the whole time and not when I'm not aware about it We don't really have that conversation with the advertising community at the moment They just take everything at any point all the time. We did quite a big project Which I wanted to quickly tell you Where we allowed people to share data within a specific time. So when girls go shopping Between 2 o'clock 5 o'clock on Saturday. It's okay. Have my data. I can tell you where I am location on Everything because I'm kind of expecting at that time. You will offer me Advertising deals and it's fine because I'm in a shopping mode, but at 5 o'clock. I'm I'm going to do something Yes, I don't want anybody to know anymore. So I switch my location off But that's not enough because there's still a lot of data flowing around So what we found that people are quite happy to do it if it's contextualized So if it's all from two or certain places, but not others But we haven't got the formula to Negotiate that with so our kind of current thinking is probably the Platform to own the data has to be the town. So have them bridge or York or Shortage or something that people actually have emotional attachment to that they think they belong to the tribe of that location Where the data is held by a portal that they can go back and negotiate with Few people are trying to do it But the attachment to the security is definitely at local level So when we did that research, it was in town. It was in North London So if it belongs if the data is hold and shared by local council, I can just about leave with it But any further no, so it would be interesting to see how our identities develop in terms of their local and There was further and how far the trust goes who you prepare to give the mobile phone to your mayor your Counselor anybody at the moment we haven't got that debate So we don't know the answer but our kind of pin in the map is that it's very local that people trust locally So at this stage we got together with Tim Berners-Lee Who is promoting something called digital Magna Carta and Tim had this idea straight after Snowden pretty much that something needs to be fixed and Promoted a concept of certain bill of rights for digital users worldwide and it's a very very interesting proposition but it's global and Low doesn't work globally low works locally So we got together with them and decided that let's just try to see if we can trial it out for UK So we've got a project called digital bill of rights UK which teams Foundation called web we want foundation supports And they have that foundation in a number of different countries. So the Italians just got it So Italian bill of rights has just been presented to the parliament Our problem is that UK is a very heavily surveyed country and everything that we put in the digital bill of rights The government is basically against so what Italy is seem to be accepting UK has got much longer time to investigate. So we took the digital bill of rights on the road Created kind of like a proper flip-chart and posted notes and consultations and a little bit of a Exchange what people think on the topic of your data is your data your data or it belongs to all the spooks is Copyrights something that we should be reforming Which in the context of 3d printing is becoming very important because you can't really 3d print Lego and not contravene Lego copyrights we looked at cybersecurity and reform of Surveillance because at the moment the surveillance in UK. It's by appointments by the prime minister and It tends to go to judges who are well over 70 year old last two appointments last week both new judges on the commissioner Circuit are 70. What do they understand the surveillance algorithm? I do not know, but I wouldn't hold my breath So the whole process of surveillance needs to be Reformed the oversight is at the moment under no Buddhist control So it's not a thrown it out to see what happens and one of the last thing Which we just added because we thought would be interesting to see to Write to digital education But not as impassive because the government talks a lot about digital education But all they want people to do is to be able to fill the form for unemployment benefits If you can't do digital form save government a lot of money you in but what we would like to see is to make sure that people actually have the tools to do digital work to Join the whole revolution and not to be just passive victims and that was probably one of the biggest points for people We got so many people saying other robots going to take my job away Without Nana. Don't worry. I just probably fine. So what do you do for a living? I'm a clerk. Okay. That's probably yes So we made a long list of jobs that at risk and it was a pretty long list I don't know if you've seen the new list which came out a thing from Oxford Internet Institute About all the jobs that are at risk because of automation so not so much physical robots that do things but robots as in algorithms and That list was incredibly long. So very very few things will be left once that Particular steam engine revolution goes through. So when we are here It's very interesting to see that, you know, obviously this area has been very affected by the first revolution in a good way And the second probably the worst way But the third one will affect everybody wherever you are. It doesn't matter where so the way the work of Algorithms is developing is basically a bunch of guys in hoods sitting in California remote controlling everybody and at the other end They just need a body on a geek economy 2 pounds 50 per hour enough because all the intelligence is in the algorithm and That has happened so quickly that we don't really know how to respond So pretty much everybody will be unnecessary Because the level of automation is pressing so fast that you only need tiny handful of people, you know, I go to offices. I work with big Tech companies that tiny tiny You know this like Twitter has got there's a handful of people running enormous businesses So when you go to IBM, you kind of think, you know, people are really working here There's like hundreds of the 200 there got also what they do all day, but they kind of do something If you go to red ink area slaw area around London, they're the sort of gold triangle of old tech And it's just hundreds of people running around looking busy You go to California. He said this time start forward wife slightly big buildings with black mirrors outside And there's no one there's just hum of computers and the big data centers, which do all the work So the new world does not need people So the issue of the digital rights suddenly become quite Pressing so digital education as in we actually want to be the ones who are running it all Because there won't be that much space for people who are not on that particular bandwagon It's used to happen now. So when I listen to people like 3d printing guys, you know, they are absolutely on the right path But they are still slow. It's still too slow. It needs to happen a lot faster So meanwhile while we were trying to figure it all out and understand that actually what team has created the Client server architecture is wonderful, but it's a road to only one direction a centralization of everything in very view hands Because if you build systems for living like we do If you can have one database, you're not going to have to if you can have one of something You're not going to have to so centralization Plays to the hands of very small group of people. So centralization is power and it's it's we bought into Distributed networks and not distributed. They are centralized as anything. So it's a myth if anybody tells you about distributed network It's a myth Yes, you know, they carry in a in a networking quay You can bump one and the rest will pick it up, but it doesn't mean that the database is not centralized So we are entering in a completely different world where the number of people needed to do anything It's very little computers everything else and then we are the warm bodies at the end So it all kind of created very different situation that we had before before we just didn't trust the government I was fine, but now we can all treat trust anybody And I think the anybody started from Google Which has particularly kind of elastic ethics like whenever it suits them They were just push it up and push it down Apple is a little bit better because they have a better product which can finance itself without data But you know what when they run out of that they will be back with data. So it's just temporary So I wouldn't feel too good about them And then you have Edward who is sitting in Russia trying to kind of shovel everybody to understand a little bit What's going on and get some awareness of cities and rights Meanwhile government is calling the US government's calling him traitor Very difficult to get any conversation. We had a really great event last year with you and Vivian Westwood Who is about 72, but she really gets it. So she was interviewing Edward. One of the questions came up Do Americans understand human rights because they don't really have human rights. They have consumer rights So when you talk to American companies, it's all about consumer rights In which case it's a very different conversation that a conversation you have in UK So that's where we decided to push on with the digital bill of rights for UK and for Sweden and for Poland separately to really flush out how Far we can push back and how far we can buy a bit of time By circling some rights around us before the whole thing will be run by only one machine one guy supervising it and fantastic algorithms and I think people feel it because we've noticed a lot of Conversation on the internet are going into code. So people came up with this emoji stuff, which took on like wildfires So a friend of mine did the whole Casa Blanca in emojis So this is if you remember that what about Paris we've always had Paris and People started using it more and more. I think now the shift towards emoji is almost faster than using text So I think there is this sort of underlying suspicion that if I talk in emoji at least people can't really Understand what I'm doing and track me, which obviously is not true, but people feel it is so there is a group in Italy, which is working on trying to put a little bit of a stop on the process and Support people using social networks and loading the data into social networks as we seem to like doing But provides some element of encryption Where you can choose who you share with so if I want to share the data of my town because I might want to benefit from Collective data sharing then I can say yes the town is fine But I don't particularly want to share data with advertisers and I don't want to share data of another town because we are competing with this town so they're trying to work out a system that That combines the ability to use social media, but introduces layers of Sharing permissions which you can put on a revoke in a fluid way I'm very positive about it. So just to get a conversation more into what the digital bill of right could mean and what our Protection could mean if you look at the last 20 years Which for me were quite terrible because we started well, and then it came out a bit worse So what was supposed to be the beautiful community sharing? You know, we were total hippies We were crypto hippies. I think it ended up being just the one massive Surveillance scheme. So when I hear the private equity and the data model database business plans It is more of the same and unfortunately I think it's just finished eating its own tail because I don't have seen yesterday. There was a release of a new Up called people with double E Don't know if you spotted it. It's coming. It's basically FIFA or Yelp for people. So if I met you today, I can go to this up and I say well Five out of ten on looks two out of ten on honesty Cooks well can run a party Seven But if you piece me off, I will put three or one So I suddenly gained the power over everybody else for the split second when I provide some absurd Subjective rating but it goes into the system. So there's a massive backlash against it And I hope to God that it won't happen. But you know, this is the reputation management Getting to the end of itself because we did very well on reputation management with Uber Airbnb the sharing economy, but I think when it comes to rating people It's probably too far. So I'm sort of hoping that the private equity will just eat itself You know that they crazy ideas of monetizing everything to death and our intimacy our privacy Taking over the data that don't belong to them that they will just Explode the whole thing by their own stupidity. So so I'm very positive about it at the moment because I've seen this after This is crazy. This is not gonna happen. But you know, you never know so my last 20 years, I think the positives are The real unicorns are all about trust in a good way where we trust in a positive way Wikipedia nobody thought anything will come out of it and I know people have views On Wikipedia, but you know, it's there Amazingly is there and amazingly is getting better. We do a lot of work on wiki data Which I think is a total miracle because you can recreate pages in new language Without having to rewrite the bloody thing from the beginning. So it is pretty amazing And you know, this is just people sitting there doing a little bit here a little bit there packing it in and one day You wake up and it's massive Nobody gets paid It's really totally voluntary for a very tiny team in California, but tiny and it happened So that gives me hope that the next 20 years can happen again and few of those will Show up for open data Mozilla movement. You know, there is enough building blocks. We can take it over I'm not quite sure how fast but Wikipedia took long long time It was really a very very very slow process But when it's achieved its sort of peak point now is developing very fast even in Places, you know where people are not particularly computer literate There's always a handful of people who can shovel stuff in and help others We were in Athens last week and the the Greek Wikipedia is incredible It was basically holding the data and information when the newspapers were Manipulating in right and left and middle. It was down to Wikipedia to provide data So that is kind of over and above the the old press. I think it might happen and blockchain Again, it was sort of quietly bubbling along But it is getting bigger and bigger and I think it could help us to create the situation where we don't need banks If I can be my own verifier because I own my own data Why would I need not west if I own my identity? Why would I need Lloyds? We can do deals between each other So that's quite big threat for the financial community. I'm not quite sure they understand it But they're trying to buy into it just in case But I think it's developing as an alternative You need the technical people to be the missionaries there is no other way You know the technology will save the world before it kills it because there is nobody else You know in the olden days people were help helping that unions will save the word or something will save the world But that kind of didn't work out So it has to be technology and prototyping different ways But it's got to be the communication between the technical community in the local setting and that is not very good at that We have to learn to do that better