 Welcome everyone to the University of Bristol Premiere Pro video tutorials and this is part 2 editing. So this video will take you through basic editing in the timeline and so in the rest of the Premiere Pro series there will be there's a more advanced editing video, there'll be titles, effects, sound and finishing or exporting. So let's get going with Premiere Pro 2 editing. So in this session we have creating a sequence, adding clips to a sequence, cutting clips and the toolbar, snapping and linking, moving clips and deleting clips, patching and the timeline. So don't worry if you some of these terms are new and you don't understand what they are obviously I'll go through them and try and explain what they are and what they do. So creating a sequence. This is basically where we left off in the previous video. We imported footage and we reviewed footage and we logged footage. So the next thing to do really is starting the actual edit. The first thing you need to do to start editing is create a sequence. So I pointed out the timeline window here before and this is where all the sequences are created. So to create a sequence it's very simple. Again there's a number of ways to do it but first I'm going to show you this one which is is going to file, new and sequence. So another way to do it might be down here in the project browser. Right-click again in this window, new item sequence. Again there's a couple of ways and I think there's a shortcut as well. Yeah command-n on a Mac. Control-n on a PC. So command-n and I get this new sequence window. So this is where it gets a little bit complicated for a little bit mainly because I need to tell you about two things right now. Normally there would be only one way to set this up. If we were just using the Sony cameras from the department but we will be using both Sony cameras and phone footage. So it gets quite tricky when you use the phone footage because there can be several different file types from different phones. So I'll try and do my best to sort of cover the the widest possible scenario. So when you're creating a sequence you have to think about two things firstly. That is the resolution and the frame rate. So it's frames per second. In the UK 25 frames per second is the standard frame rate and if you are shooting on the Sony's you could guarantee that everything that you get back will be 25 frames a second. Shooting on your camera phone you can't guarantee what your frame rate will be. You can look it up but it doesn't always come out exactly as it says in the in the in the settings on the phone as I've discovered. So often the biggest issue can be it will tell you that it's shooting at 30 frames a second when it really means it's the American standard which is actually 29.97 frames per second. It gets complicated like I said. The best thing you can do for now is just choose 25 frames a second. Choose a sequence with 25 frames a second. You might run into issues when you when you're mixing when you potentially mixing Sony footage and camera footage and phone footage sorry because of mixed frame rates. There will never be a problem in the actual timeline. The timeline and Premiere will kind of deal with it quite well. The problems will come in in the sort of the look of the motion when you export it. I can go through that in more detail later but for now we want to choose a sequence that's 25 frames a second. The next thing we're going to do is choose the resolution and so a lot of people get resolution and quality mixed up. You kind of hear people saying you know that video is really good resolution when they really mean it's really good quality. So resolution is simply the size of your video image in pixels. Often the the the sort of standard rate that we work at nowadays is HD 1080 HD that's 1080 pixels on the vertical axis and 1920 pixels on the horizontal axis so it's 1080 by 1920 often just referred to as 1080 so that's 1080 HD. You'll also hear of 2K and 4K and 8K even that that's also K's thousand pixels so yeah that's also related to the to the size of the the image. So like I said standard currently is 1080 so that's the one we're going to go for. We're going to go for 1080 resolution 25 frames a second and the next thing if you look at this little list here you see all these names ARRI, AVC INTRA, AVCHD etc etc all of these funny sort of abbreviations and what have you are all codecs so a codec codec stands for compression decompression and it's the it's basically your video file format. The camera will shoot in a specific video file format and ideally you want your sequence to match that file format. You can't always get it to match for example I mean this is a quite a long list but it's by no means the exhaustive list there are plenty more codecs than that and you probably find that your phone codec won't be on that list so in actual fact you probably want to try and choose a codec which is as close to your phone codec as possible. As it happens that codec is AVCHD. That codec also happens to be the same one that you would choose if you were shooting on the Sony cameras so basically what I'm saying is probably the best start you can get with your phones is choosing AVCHD 1080p 25 which again is also exactly the same one that you would choose if you were working with the Sony cameras so I can say for certain that this is the correct codec and settings to use for Sony footage depending on which phone you have it may or may not be the right one. I'm gonna sort of stick my neck out and say this is probably the best one to choose in this situation where I'm not entirely sure exactly what codec you'll be using. If you find that you can look up the codec that's in your phone and it appears in this list then by all means go for that one and even choose the correct resolution and frame rate as well that goes with it but just be aware if you do end up mixing Sony footage with phone footage you're probably better off working to the Sony footage correct codec than you are the phone camera because obviously the Sony's gonna require sort of it's gonna be a better quality for starters so you know you're better off playing to your strengths by by giving the Sony footage what it wants rather than the phone footage but anyway that's that's a good start there so let's go for ABCHD 1080p 25 frames a second and we can rename our sequence what should we call this assembly one so it's kind of an editing term assembly and assembly is just an assembly of the first assembly of your clips before you start getting to rough cuts and edits you start off with an assembly so that's just okay that when I okay that you can see now that I've got a bit more detail down here in the timeline area and I have got a little icon and file in my project browser called assembly one and that is my sequence and I can even create a new bin called sequences and drop that in there so if I accidentally close my sequence where's it gone I can just go to this over here go into my sequences folder double click it open it up and there it is again okay so that's how I create a sequence so once you've created your sequence you want to start adding clips into it so you can start editing them together so let's get into adding a clip into the sequence so like I previously said in the earlier video the first thing you want to do when you're previewing clips is open them up in the source window and to do that double click and the way you go it opens up there I've logged these clips now since the last time so you can double click these open them all up and view them there let's start off with this one actually if you look down here where it says frame rate in the browser you get all these headings in the top which tell you various bits of metadata about your clips what settings they have in them etc and you'll notice that the frame rate like I mentioned before so my phone clip frame rate is 29.98 but my sony footage is all 25 frames a second I could have I could have started with a frame rate that matched my phone clip but in here I've only got one of those and the rest is all sony footage so I'm gonna I'm gonna sort of go with the majority and go with 25 frames a second if that was the other way round then maybe you want to go with the the settings of the phone if you've decided on a on sequence settings and you realize that they don't match your clips you can actually go back up here to the sequence menu sequence settings it's interesting little point here like I said in the first video depending on which window you have selected will change these menus so I want to go into the sequence settings but I can't because it's grayed out and the reason is I have my browser window selected and not my timeline window so if I go to sequence now I can get into the sequence settings and if I want to change my frame rate I can change that to something else okay I'm not gonna do that at the moment okay so what I want to do is get some of this clip into my timeline what I don't want to do is just throw the whole thing in and start editing it there I want to start editing right from the from the start basically which means opening up my full clip in the source window and then selecting the part of it that I think I'm going to use first and that is the editing process underway basically once we start selecting parts of the clip then I'm editing so there's a lot of movement in this clip and perhaps I just want this bit where it starts moving down there that little movement there I'm going to take that so how do I select that bit and put that in my timeline so very easily I want to create an in point just here and an out point about there and the way I can do that is place my playhead where I want it and then I can mark in and then mark out later if I hover over these these markers it tells me mark in is keyboard shortcut I and mark out is keyboard shortcut O so I and O happen to be next to each other on the keyboard which is really helpful they also happen to be right above JKNL so I can play through my clip with the JKNL keys another handy little tip with JKNL if I hold down K and then press L once and keep pressing it I will scrub through my clip one frame at a time and that's really useful when you start editing precisely or more precisely so I'm going to start there I'm going to press I for an in point then I'm going to play forward I'm going to stop about there and press O so at the moment you're not going to know exactly which frames you're going to want to use but that's fine for now just getting that part of the clip in is great you'll do all your fine editing later at the moment we're just assembling some clips in order that we think we're going to use them we might not even use them in that order in the end that's all fine the whole point of this sort of digital nonlinear editing is we can we can do whatever we want whenever we want so let's just go for this so now we've selected that part of the clip I'm going to drop it into my timeline and I have two ways of doing that with insert and with overwrite and there are a couple more ways actually but these two the main ones right now so if you look again insert is comma overwrite is full stop and these happen to be directly below the JKNL keys so it's really handy everything's all sort of right where I want it so once I've chosen my in point my out point I now need to select an area in my timeline where the clip is going to land now obviously at the very start of my edit there's nothing else in here I've also got a timeline playhead here which I can scrub by grabbing or clicking around same way as the other one that timeline playhead is going to default to being at the beginning of my timeline so that's a good enough place for me to drop my my clip in so this is what we call classic three point editing in point out point in point so I'm just going to insert at the moment insert or overwrite doesn't make any difference they both do the same thing at the moment I'll show you the difference later on so there you go dropped one clip in very small I can't see much I need to zoom into my timeline to see what's going on and I do this by pressing the plus key and I can zoom out again by pressing the minus key so I can zoom in and out with plus and minus or I can use this little expandable okay so now I can I can be I can be ready to put in my next clip I'm just going to put in things at random at the moment or relatively random so let's choose a bit of this in out and insert okay so you'll notice something strange has happened sorry I pressed undo there command Z is undo let's just go back to how it was so you'll notice that my audio has come out on a different track out I'll show you tell you why that's happened a little bit later on but for now I'm just going to carry on so what else another clip in out and comma for insert so I can go on like this again you know people who have edited with Premiere before might be thinking why aren't I dragging clips around at the moment so there's there's another way to get clips in and out of timelines and that's by just dragging them around dragging them over very messy not very precise and to be honest it takes longer and people ask me all the time why don't you just drag it in well you know what's quicker because I'm always going to have to select the part of the clip that I want so I'm always going to have to put an in point and an out point and once I've done that what's quicker than pressing one of the key bomb and then it's in the timeline so you can't tell me there's a quicker way to to insert clips than that so now we've got a few clips in our timeline got a few clips in there now and I can show you the difference between insert and overwrite so if I decide that I now want to put a clip in in before some of these clips so perhaps here if I want to put a clip in here what do I do so I can which one do I choose do I choose insert or overwrite let's use this clip again so I can tell what's going on bit of in and out there and if I choose insert see if you can tell what's happened so if I click insert now you can see that the clip that I added dropped in on the playhead at that point in the timeline and all the clips after it got pushed out of the way so all of those clips are still intact but they're just further up the timeline so that is what insert does it basically makes a gap for your clip and drops the clip in so overwrite what does overwrite do let's see if you can see what over it does if I drop over right in so if you can see overwrite didn't move the clips out of the way it simply drop them directly over the top of what's already there and any time you drop something over the top of something whatever's underneath it disappears basically it's now gone so that clip that was there has now been replaced by the wide pan of the trees so if I press undo command Z so that was there and redo shift command Z it's gone again replaced by that so that's the difference between insert and overwrite insert will move your clips out of the way and drop the clip in overwrite will just drop it straight over the top and overwrite what's already there okay so that's in out insert and overwrite so let's go to cutting clips and snapping and linking so I'm gonna undo that for now go back to where we were for a moment sorry so command plus and command minus expands my video tracks out and when I expand to a certain point I get to see a thumbnail of what's going on under there and then plus and minus expands them out horizontally command plus and minus expands them vertically okay so cutting and the toolbar this area here is our toolbar you can see there's quite a few tools in here and I'll get to all those tools at some point in the next video most likely most of them but first of all the one I'm gonna show you now is called the razor tool and keyboard shortcut C for cut just remember it that way so if I press C let's get my razor tool selected you'll notice that my pointer my mouse pointer hasn't changed until I hover over the clips in the timeline until I until I get into the timeline my mouse pointer stays a pointer but as soon as I get into my timeline I have a razor blade now and I can cut these clips wherever I want them so you can see that when I hover my razor blade near the playhead it sort of jumps into position into it so that's a really useful way to select the exact frame that you want to cut is by moving your playhead into that exact place and then you can go with your razor blade hover over it cut and you'll notice that has cut the video and the audio at the same time now I can zoom in and I can do whatever I want to these now two clips that are separate so I can now take some out move them around do whatever I want so that's what the razor blade does so the way that it jumps to my playhead that is called snapping and it does that because I've got this snapping because I've got snapping turned on basically so if I can turn snapping on or off using that we turn it off it no longer jumps to the playhead it will just go to whatever frame I happen to be over sometimes that's useful because you don't want it to jump there I want to choose a frame here but I can't get near to it because it will automatically jump but mostly snapping is very useful because it enables you to be very precise about where you're putting your your cuts so that's snapping another useful tool if you're if you're sort of moving your playhead around the timeline and you want it to land exactly on an edit point if you press shift while you're dragging it will snap into position so that's very very useful tip there so linking link selection I can turn that on and off here as well I can show you exactly what that does I go back to my razor sorry to my pointer tool keyboard shortcut V you'll see there I select that using V so now if I select a clip and select clips just by clicking on them if I select a clip you'll notice that the video is being selected but the audio isn't they're now separate from each other and if I move anything it will only move the audio and not sorry the video not the audio or vice versa depending on which I move and that is because I've got linked selection turned off so if I turn it back on now my linking comes back on and depending on what you're doing at the time either one is useful just depends what you're doing okay so that's cutting snapping and linking so we go to moving clips and deleting so if I want to let's start with deleting actually so if I want to delete this clip from my timeline remove it from the timeline obvious easy thing to do select it if I've got link selection on selecting both the audio and the video and just press backspace there you go moved deleted now I can select these by lashing them and move them in together and they go and yet because snapping is on I know those will snap together and I won't lose any frames or or have a one frame gap or anything like that that's all fine but that's not the quickest way to do it and remember editing is really about getting the most creative job done that you can as quickly as you can so knowing the keyboard shortcuts and these little tricks is really gonna sort of get the creativity flowing because you're not wasting time looking for how to do this and how to do that and doing 10 clicks when you could be doing one so if I undo again command Z and command Z again put that click back in so now if I click alt first hold down alt and press backspace so if you notice what happened then command Z undo alt and backspace it will delete my clip and close the gap at the same time okay so you know it's only a simple thing but it's it'll save you a couple of seconds every edit and and we know from what I said before these seconds all add up you know if you're saving a couple of seconds every time you're doing an edit then then you're gonna save a lot of time at the end of the day so that's deleting so moving clips around again I can just grab these clips if I want to let's say I want to put this clip in front of this one that's quite a few moves because what I'm gonna do is I'm gonna have to move that one out of the way first then I'm gonna have to select them both and move them together like that so now those two clips have been swapped around so if I just undo that back to where it was quicker way to do that is select the clip that I want to move then I'm pressing option and command at the same time holding them down and then I'm moving this clip to where I want it it'll snap into position just there and then I let go and you can see that that whole move that switch has been done in one simple move okay and so there you go quick little tip there as well so that's moving clips and deleting so patching and the timeline let's go back to Premiere like I said earlier you notice that when I dropped some of these clips in the audio landed on track two and others the audio landed on track one so why is that why did that happen so let's have a look my if we look at this setup over here and these blue track selectors you look at where they are so v1 and v1 are selected a1 and a1 are selected and then all the rest of the audio tracks are selected so this is actually my patching window here so these tracks these um these buttons here tell me that all of these tracks are armed and selected and these two here are telling me which tracks are patched in so at the moment v1 is patched in and a1 is patched in I'll explain what that means in a second so on my phone shot I've got v1 and a1 patched in together let's open up some of these now so now on my sony clips I have v1 and now a1 has been patched over to a2 so now if the shop one's amongst you will be able to see how this has happened now so whenever I drop a clip in wherever these are selected is where they will land so if I put this on a3 now and drop clipping in out insert my audio track has now dropped in on a3 so there's actually a reason why why this audio dropped on to a2 rather than a1 and it's to do with mono and stereo I'll talk about this a bit more when we do sound but the phone audio is mono so it's kind of left a1 as a mono track and the a2 is now my stereo track and if we scroll down to look at our audio tracks actually so you can see a1 2 and 3 I can select these no problem but a4 5 and 6 I can't select them I'm clicking but nothing's happening and that's because if you look over here tiny little there's 5.1 5.1 5.1 that is telling me that tracks four five and six are surround sound tracks and they can't be you can't mix mono mono and stereo can mix fine but mono and stereo can't mix with with surround 5.1 so that's why I can't drop my audio into these 5.1 tracks I don't know why sort of defaults to giving you three 5.1 audio tracks when they're hardly ever used but that's just the way it goes what I will also tell you is that you can patch audio and you can also patch video so the way this becomes useful is what if I imagine so there's no dialogue in any of this but imagine there's dialogue going through here and perhaps this person in the picture is talking away chatting away and see she suddenly starts talking about uh hills and fields and all this sort of thing maybe we want to drop in a picture of hills and fields and all that sort of thing whilst she's talking so what can we do we can we want to drop it in but we don't want to drop the audio from this clip in over the top of her dialogue so but we don't mind dropping the video over the top of her video because we don't want to see her we just want to see the um see the trees so what we need to do is make sure that whatever we do our audio is not patched onto a2 where this is but patched onto something else what we're talking about sorry we're not we're losing the audio from this all together aren't we so if I just un-select the audio completely and say we want to drop that clip in there and now I click overwrite because I want to overwrite this so let me just show you if I click insert it's going to push everything out of the way and create a gap so we'd lose our dialogue at that point so let me undo that and then click overwrite so now I've dropped in that picture and it hasn't altered the audio underneath it's kept the dialogue exactly as it was if there was dialogue there and that can work the other way around as well I could drop audio in and no picture and then just do just by doing the opposite un-select the video select the audio whatever track I want it to drop in on and boom there it goes there's the audio if for example I wanted to add some dialogue in but not mess around with the with the picture okay so that's how we add in in video and audio by using patching it does become really useful actually you know when you're building your first assembly you'll be just dropping clips in one after the other and that's all fine but you know films aren't made like that you know they're not just made by one clip after another clip after another clip what you end up having to do to give the thing you know a bit more dynamics and an interest is you'll be overlapping different audio with different video and you know your audio will come in before the video and all this kind of thing so your audio and your video in and out points will hardly ever line up by the time you've finished and you know the way you can do a lot of that is by using patching you know it helps when you're adding your b-roll all of your you know your nice looking footage after you've edited your interview or something like that you can add all that by patching in the video and not the audio so yeah it does become very useful towards the end of your projects okay so I think we'll find that we've finished there on part two editing so premiere video tutorial part two editing is done for now there is a another editing video slightly more advanced editing and that will be coming up next and then finally we will have titles effects sound and finishing so thanks for watching this one and I'll see you in the next video thank you