 فشرف بل اشتغالي بالعلم ولا تبغي به ما عشت يا دا دا دا لا وياله من شراف عظيم الحمد لله رب العالمين له الحمد الحسن وثناء الجميل واشدأ لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له يقول لحق وهو يهدي سبيل واشدو أن سيدنا ونبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وعليه وعلى آله وأصحابه والتابعين لهم بإحسان إلى يوم الدين أما بعد وإن شرح حب الكتاب التحفة السنية وشرح المقدمة الأجرومية ريتم بمحمد محيدين عبد الحميد نحن نتحدث عن فعيل أر الثلاثة أنواع نحن نكتجر الزب into how many نكتجر الزب into three نكتجر الزب into three نقول أنه ماضل ومضالع وامرن ومضالع ومضالع ومضالع ونحن نتفعل مع كل one meant نتكتجر مع كل one was ثم نتحدث عن ما حرف was صحيح نتحدث عن ما حرف was ما نتحدث عن حرف was لنوستيك لي أما دلكسيكو يعني أطرفوا نقول أنه كتب سكونة حسنا جيد نتحدث عن ثلاثة حرف سنتحدث عن حرف لأننا نتحدث عن كل شيء سنتحدث عن حرف سنتحدث عن ونفعل لكل of them نقول أننا نتحدث عن كل شخص للمشكل كل شخص للمشكل وكثيرا كل شخص للمشكل ثلاثة right now we're on the last one which is the حرف what is its type what are its types is what we're going to speak about إن شاء الله تعالى now are we all together so remember what I said remember this is number three it's very common in grammar you tend to find that a lot that three three types three types three types so how many types was the noun three types how many types was the verb three types and the particle is going to be the same it's going to be three types so let's do the first one can somebody help me with tissue where did you get that from yeah I'll do it so we said that حرف is three types how many types did we say the harp is we categorize the harp into three the first one we said is called مشترك مشترك means what مشترك بين أل أسماء والأفعال it's shared between the verbs and the particle so there are letter and letters where you would see that they will enter the particles and they will also enter the the فعل an example for that would be حل would be an example right for example حل the word حل it enters onto a particle and it enters onto a particle and it also enters onto a what and it also enters into a noun in other words what comes after can always be a noun هل أتاكه أتاكه is a what فعل it's a verb so verb came after it you can say له هل له صح هل هو صح له and هو are what sorry for example هل هو is what it's an instrument because it's a pronoun does that make sense so what comes after can either be a noun or it can be a verb does that make sense so this makes it what this makes it مشترك شاد بين الأسماء والأفعال the verbs and the noun both share it very good we understand that one the third type is it's مختص مختص بالأسماء مختص بالأسماء is specific to the nouns these can only enter into nouns an example that the author رحمه الله gave is the word في right and إن شاء الله يتعالى we're going to see حروف وجر حروف وجر which are particles they only enter into nouns في and they were left with the last one which is مختص مختص بالأفعال مختص بالأفعال means they only enter into only verbs they only enter into verbs and you're going to learn them which is لام and لان and etc أدوات النصبي and أدوات الجزمي which you're going to learn إن شاء الله يتعالى they all enter onto what they all enter onto the verbs only لام whatever comes after it it's always a verb it's always a it's always a verb are we all on the same page? but generally speaking this is something many people get wrong the word حروف is two types صح حروف المعاني and حروف المباني حروف المعاني والمباني حروف المعاني and حروف المباني وراد حروف المعاني وراد حروف المباني and the reason why I say this point is because this is actually what it's connected to the whole discussion of which of them is the one that the author is talking about here when he says حرف okay he's referring to حروف المعاني which is the first one the top one حروف المعاني حروف العمعاني is the one he's referring to which is حروف their words but their particles does it make sense like في إلا they have some form of meaning like حروف المباني are like the حروف العمعاني are like the letter حروف الهجائية this is called حروف المباني so when the author here says الحرف in grammar the harf that they're talking about is not حروف المباني they're talking about حروف المعاني حروف المباني is the alphabet letters this is a حروف المباني he's a harf because a harf is used for both of them am I making sense very good now the author رحمه الله الشالح of the kitab جروم he now goes into the alamat of the of the اسم and then he goes into the alamat of the فعيل and then he goes into the alamat of the harf I want to speak about each one إن شاء الله at its place are we together so let's start with اسم the author رحمه الله he says علامات الاسم the signs of the noun he says فالاسم يعرفوا a noun is known بالخفضي والتنوين ودخول وحروف الخفضي so the author mentions the signs of the noun we're going to divide them into two we're going to divide the signs of the noun into two okay so the types of signs that the author رحمه الله mentions in the here right now they're categorized into into two what are the two that is categorized so let's say علامات علامات الاسم علامات الاسم the signs of the noun we're going to categorize it into two we're going to categorize it into two so the first one we're going to say is what enters it في أوليه in the beginning the front part there are some signs that enter it from the front صح and the author how many of those did he mention he mentioned two of them he mentioned ألف اللام right دخولوا الألف واللامي ألف اللام ألف اللام is a sign of the noun and he enters it from the beginning that's علامة to who that's its sign and he enters it from the front and the second type that the author رحمه الله mentions is حروف الخفضي right sorry yeah حروف الخفضي حروف الخفضي حروف الخفضي so the author mentions ألف اللام and حروف الخفضي they enter it from what they enter it from the front now we have the last we have the second one which is في آخيره the author mentions how many types he also mentions two that enter it from the back from the ending of the word هاية what was it الخفض which is the first one هاية yeah and the next one he mentioned is تنوين so الخفض we have and we have التنوين we have الخفض here and we also have التنوين and we have حروف الخفضي are we all together am I making sense so these are this is a gist of what the author is now saying in the method okay so علامات الاسم is two types ما يدخل في أوله that which enters it from the front ما يدخل في آخيره and that which enters it from the ending are we all together that which enters it that which enters it from the front is ألف اللام that which enters it from the front is ألف اللام and حروف الخفضي and that which enters it from the ending is الخفض والتنوين does that make sense are you all with me brothers are we on the same page the تنوين إن شاء الله تعالى we're going to be speaking about it four types we're going to categorize it into because the شارح mentions it four types of تنوين there are so the تنوين is four types people just only know one type of تنوين so we're going to have تنوين with تمكين we're going to study تنوين with تنكير we're going to have تنوين with عوض and we're going to do تنوين المقابلة we have تنوين with تمكين تنوين with تنكير تنوين with عوض تنوين with المقابلة those are the four but it's ten they're most common ten are the most common we're going to only take four now and the next six we're going to take them in متممة الأجرومية we're going to take them in the other book after this one does that make sense don't worry we're going to take them in every point I just want you to first have an understanding of the metin once you have the understanding of the metin we can go in details with each one okay this is the overview that you should have this is the understanding that you now need to have regarding the علامة الاسمي so if I say to you the signs of a noun automatically you should say ما يدخل في أولي that which enters it from the front and that which enters it from the ending and also that which enters it from the front are two types and it is also حروف الخفضي which we're going to mention how much they are then you go to the second type which is في أخيره that which enters it from the ending and you're going to categorize into two الخفضاء and التنوين okay I'm really sorry because of my writing I'm just writing it fast but I'm trying to read it out as loud as I could so far does it make sense what I'm saying does it make sense beautiful let's go now back to each one إن شاء الله تعالى let's take the first let's take the the signs one after the other so what's the first sign up there which one do you have at the beginning the first علامة that it's distinctly known for is what دخول الألفة واللامي what does دخول الألفة واللامي mean so here we have the first sign of the noun which is the first one of the four that the author mentioned the author mentioned four signs right the first one ألف اللام rather than the sisters are all together ألف اللام is basically you take the word الرجل you take the word رجل so رجل so we have the word رجلون رجلون صح we have رجلون amen we want to make this word into a known man now it's indefinite it can be any man صلحيح هادينا عضرحمان it can be any man هادينا عضرحمان هادينا عضرحمان that's not enough رجلون تدتنوين تدتنوين تدتنوين with me تدتنوين it makes it indefinite any man will come to that إن شاء الله don't worry that's why you always hear that تنوين and ألف اللام cannot enter each other have you heard that before you can never see a word that has تنوين in it أن أن and also have an ألف اللام in there because why ألف اللام signifies it shows that this is known now does that make sense and also the تنوين here can be تنكير but remember the ألف اللام we don't speak about it in أجرمية now we will go to متميمة الأجرمية we will go into it like the line of poetry رأيت الوليد بنا اليزيد مبارك بأعباء الخلافة كاهلون sometimes you see some names that are already known عبس you see ألعبس الوليد they go ألف اللام in it وليد is already known why does it have ألف اللام in it does that make sense all of that تفاصيل who are حميريز حميريز don't say ألف اللام they have another word أم حميريز ألف اللام for them is أم that's اللغة من اللغات العرب all of that تفاصيل and those details pertaining to it is all found in المتميمة الأجرمية شرح الكوكب الدرية are we all together first so here we have راجولون أيمان we have راجولون and now make it you place an ألف اللام at the beginning what does it become now أراجولو أراجولو you say does that make sense أراجولو this word now is a noun how do you know it's a noun because of the ألف اللام that's how you identify that it's a noun and it's very important that a person can distinguish between what is a noun and what is a verb and what is a particle حرف very good then we go to the second one which is حروف الخفضي and the author mentions the حروف الخفضي the author mentions the حروف الخفضي so if you look at your you're all going to see the حروف الخفضي حروف الخفضي are letters that go before the noun so we have we have the word مسجد مس مسجد صح we have the word مسجد so now this word مسجد is it a is it a noun or is it not ها ها it's a noun جميل so how do you know it's a noun من من المسجد the word من went before it إلى المسجد إلى المسجد this is called the author is going to give you all of that they're called حروف الخفضي this is called حروف الخفضي من إلى ربا با كاف لام عن all of those are حروف الخفضي and each one we're going to take it's meaning are we all together rather sisters they also go before the noun this is the noun it goes before the noun this is the noun and it has gone before the noun جميل we're going to take each one إن شاء الله و تعالى so first of all I just want us to have an understanding of and then what's خفضي خفضي is what happens to the اسم after those letters go into it so now we have إلى المسجد so we have إلى هي إلى المسجد صحيح المسجد هي has got a خفضي there sorry sorry it's got a خفضي these حروف الخفضي they're called حروف الخفضي the reason why they're called حروف الخفضي is because they're the ones that are forced the noun to have this خفضي so you can't say من المسجداء no صحيح are you with me you can't say من المسجد من المسجداء or إلى المسجداء you can't you have to say من المسجد عليكم سلام are we all together am I making sense to you all why because these particles were before it and they necessitated it to be a خفض now let's listen ألف اللام only enters a noun حروف الخفضي they only go before a noun you'll never see من إلى before anything that you see after من anything you see after إلى anything you see after about or at least all of the times you have to remember it's a it's a noun whatever comes out after it and خفضي this sign which you guys call كسرة but it's not we'll speak about it why it's not a كسرة okay the reason why okay we'll specifically talk about in grammar why we don't refer to this as كسر we refer to it as we refer to it as something else are we all together this is specific to a noun you'll never ever see a verb that has a خفض on it now you guys are learning that you won't need to have تشكيل on a book تشكيل and حركات and it has to have تشكيل or I ain't going to buy this book because you ain't got no تشكيل I can't read it the reason why you can't read it is because you don't know grammar because the grammar everything for them is in a place oh they know how to read it does that make sense that's why they don't need تشكيل on their books some of the books that even have تشكيل are wrong they got wrong with تشكيل on it so you just buying a book because تشكيل is a problem you need to learn to put تشكيل on it yourself and put it on there with yourself thinking, observing each context are we all together that's last but not least تنوين تنوين is أن إن أن it's ضمة two ضمة so when you say أن and you say إن and you also say أن صح that's basically called تنوين let's go into each one properly إن شاء الله let's take each one let's go back to خفض خفض is also known as جر خفض is the word خفض خفض that the author here used is a usage by the كوفيين the scholars of كوفا علماء النحات from كوفا are the ones who call it خفض and the author here he's a كوفي ابن أجل روم is a he's a كوفي good the word جر جر is used by the scholars of grammar from بصرة شغب العثيمين writes a little benefit here شغب العثيمين in the شرح of أجرمية how do you reconcile between the scholars of كوفا and the scholars of بصرة when they differ in grammar who's given presidents صح who should we choose over who شغب العثيمين in the شرح of أجرمية he mentions it here try to look really إن شاء الله who's given presidents try to look at it over there إن شاء الله are we all together what does خفض actually mean خفض it means خفض is what we would call كسرة and anything that takes its place it's كسرة and أما ناب عنها it's كسرة and anything that takes its place what can take its place we're going to see it soon إن شاء الله very good that's what خفض means does it make sense to you all now we're going to move on to the next one which is تنوين we're going to now move on to التنوين تنوين what does it mean in the language تنوين means it means the noise that the bird makes it's chipping what's it called chipping that noise that it makes the Arabs they say نو ونط بائر the noise that the birds make it's not just necessarily the chipping that the bird makes even the noise that the crow makes it's also عرب زيو سي نو ونل غراب اما نو ونط بائر ونك سترا غراب is a crow ايه صوت من يبكس it's noise does that make sense that's what it linguistically means أما لكس كومين تكنيكلي what does it mean what does it technically mean the definition of خفض sorry تنوين it means نون ساكينة تتبع آخير الإسم لفضا وتفارق خطا it basically means اي نون with a سكون is pronounced but not written that's it they what are you saying at the ending after it for example what's the difference between what's the difference between writing let's take the word مسجد right let's take the word مسجد so we have the word مسجد so we have mess جي دون دون here is what it's a تنوين right what's the difference between that and مسجد مسجدون مسجدون what's the difference in terms of pronunciation they're the same right صحيح are you there the only difference is writing so that's what تنوين's definition is it's نون ساكينة تتبع آخير الإسم لفضا it follows up the wording when pronouncing it so you pronounce it like this وتفارقه خطب but when you write it it departs from it there's no such thing as a نون it's not written something else is written now what is that تنضم does that make sense that's what a تنوين is so رموتا it is نون ساكينة تتبع آخير الإسم لفضا it is a نون there is a سكون on it that is attached to the ending of the word in terms of pronunciation but there is nothing there when you're writing it so they're the same in terms of pronunciation but they're different in terms of writing صح that's what تنوين is in simple terms have we defined it we have وله أربعة أخسام and it has four types it has how many types it has four types the first type is called تنوينة تمكين تنوينة تمكين is the first one of the تنوين is called تنوينة تنوينة تمكين what does تنوينة تمكين mean it means it's a تنوين that enters onto a noun which it's I'm making up this word I'm making up this word okay it's a تنوين that enters into a noun which it's noun it's strong it's 100% there's no deficiency in it's it being a noun does that make sense am I making sense I'm not making sense okay there are some nouns that are not fully nouns they're weak nouns does that make sense they're not fully fully fully fully nouns they have some weakness in them where they somehow resembling a particle or they even resembling a verb أحمد the word and the name أحمد أحمد is what pay attention أحمد is what is it a name أحمد say I praised Allah أحمد الله I praised Allah أحمد زوسوه name does that make sense does that make sense are you there are you with me يزيد يزيد الله الذي نعمل يزيد الله يزيد is a name يشكر names like that are names that are used as names but they are actually verbs as well are you with me they are what the verbs أحمد for example is a verb if you want to say I praised Allah I praised Allah sorry I praised Allah أحمد الله I praised Allah أحمد أحمد الله do you see this thing so that's why أحمد doesn't accept أحمد أحمد doesn't accept أحمد you never ever find أحمد أحمد أحمدان it's ممنع من الصرف it doesn't accept أحمد the reason why it doesn't accept أحمد is because it's not rooted in being a noun does that make sense that's why the name the word here أتمكين actually means somebody who is rooted we say this طالي تمكين means he's grounded he's student of knowledge صح you say that right Allah says in the Qur'an وعد الله الذين أاملوا أعملوا صراحة منكم لا يستخدفنهم في الأرض كما استخدف الذين من قبل ولا يمكننا لهم دينهم الذين اختضرهم ولا يمكننا لهم صح تمكين تمكين now means somebody to be solidified in something so this type of tenuin only enters into a noun which it's noun which it's really adopted being a noun properly it's a fully developed 100% noun pure noun does that make sense محمدون محمد is a noun from wherever you look at it does that make sense وإن شاء الله تعالى as we go on تممنع من الصرف we're going to learn those who look like part those that look like verbs وإن شاء الله تعالى when we come to باب العرب we're going to talk about those who look like حروف does that make sense but for now all we need to know is that the tenuin and تمكين is the one that all of us generally know it's the normal one that everybody knows the one that you just saw in what محمدون you know برارتو بيمحمدين رأيتو محمدن جاء محمدون that one is the the one everybody knows that's the common tenuin okay are we all together and it enters أسماء which are متمكينة أسماء which are متمكينة so it doesn't look like a harp in any way for more shape فتبناء because if it looks like a harp it's going to be مبني and it doesn't look like a فعل then it becomes ممنع من الصرف صح it's saved from both of that سلمة من أنتش أنتش بها it is saved from looking like a it's saved from looking like a harp فتبناء it becomes مبني and it is also saved this noun is saved from looking like or resembling a فعل a verb and then it's going to فتبناء من الصرف then it becomes ممنع من الصرف are we all together that you don't need to really know what that means now all you just need to know is that any noun that's a hundred percent now that tenuin enters it simple terms are we all together brothers and sisters ها ها I don't know I just feel like I was talking to myself for that we also okay الحمد لله so now that's the first one the second one is called تنوينوت تنكير so there is تنكير تنوينوت تنكير it enters onto the nouns which are what ها they it enters into a noun which is مبلي first of all it goes into nouns that resemble particles are we all together and in other words it goes into nouns which are not a hundred percent nouns صحيح we would call them اسماء which are nouns which are known as مبني just remember that name so it enters into nouns which are مبني you are trying to distinguish it from when it's definite from when it's indefinite now I'm تنكير we don't need more details today more than what you've probably studied with me before so the first one the second one is a تنكير هولاحق للاسماء المبنية it enters into the اسماء which are مبني and the reason why it enters it distinguishes it from when it's definite and when it's indefinite for example