 Dear students, in this module, we are going to discuss that how family diversity is happening on the global level. It's a global portray of family diversity. So family diversity is a term used to describe a wide range of family structures, values that exist across different cultures and societies. When we talk about family diversity, we can't call any of the values of the family universal. It's not that the values that exist within a family are the reflections and representations across the globe that we see within the family institution. In fact, in modern society, family diversity is gaining more and more attention because of the globalized world because of the connected world and particularly because of the social media. While nuclear families remain the most common family structure worldwide, other forms of family including single parent families, blended families and same sex families are becoming more common. So because of the globalized world, we are seeing changes in the western world, changes in the family units, especially the major changes are the addition of single parent families. Since there is a lot of diverse rates, single parent families are also increasing. And single parent families and single parent families are also increasing. Along with this, there are blended families in which two such families have a relationship or two such families come into existence because of the marital relationship in which first there are divorces or separations or a spouse that doesn't exist in the world. For example, if a family or a woman who is divorced is married to a man who is already a child, then both families form a blended family. Then we see the same sex families are becoming more and more prevalent in the western world. Since in western societies, homosexuality and such relationships have a legal status, the same sex families like two women or two men, are also becoming more and more common in western Europe. The definition of family is also evolving with some cultures recognizing extended family networks, cohabitating couples or even groups of friends as family. So the definition is also very interesting. The most common or traditional definition of family was that two parents and their children form a blended family. Now this definition is subject to change because in the western world, the new patterns and trends introduced by families can also form a blended family. Single parent families also exist. There are also parents who are not married, but because of their relationship, they are considered family. Along with this, adopting children is also considered a part of the definition of family. So attitudes towards marriage and child rearing are also changing, with some cultures emphasizing individual choice and personal fulfillment over traditional gender roles and family obligations. So individual, because in today's society, it has more importance, for example, collectivity and family, because collective unit was considered in traditional society, because of this, your individual interests were considered to be very important to sacrifice so that collective good can be achieved. The family units constructed in today's society is important to preserve individualization. Keep your personal interests in mind. Decide on the basis of that. Decide on the goals and values of the family. Then economic and social factors including poverty, education and employment opportunities can also impact family diversity. So the factors of family diversity, especially your education, for example, to achieve education, if you go to any foreign country, if you get married there, that is also creating an interesting aspect of your family that in Pakistan, such people are considered to be a bit poor, called house husbands. But if those house husbands go to any foreign country, get married there, because of their social, geographic mobility, because of marriage, because of geographic mobility, then such people are not considered to be poor. They are considered to be the house husbands in their own culture. All these factors are very important to express your family diversity. Besides that, the family diversity is a very complex and evolving phenomenon. That is why it is considered that how it reflects the changing social, cultural and economic realities of the modern world. So it's a food for thought for you that you need to observe and you need to judge that how family diversity is impacting the unit of family in Pakistani society.