 I see. So what is the computer literacy in India? Sir, I do not have exact figures but it should be around somewhere around 30% not more than that overall. Just less. Ok. Ok. What is the internet penetration? What is the internet penetration? How many people have internet? How many people have internet? How many people have internet? 52 crores. 52 crores? I do not think we have reached that figure yet. We are less than that. We are more than 45. Alright. What is the digital media program? Sir, data in India is a flagship program containing several components like Bharat Red project, data literacy, and sir, broadly speaking there are three components. First to provide data literacy, second to provide data infrastructure, and to provide government services to our data world. So what is the Bharat Red program? Sir, Bharat Red program is a program providing high speed broadband creativity to around 6 lakh villages are targeted. It will go to all the villages? Sir, a gram for the childs. How many grams? Sir, I have data about villages, 6 lakh villages. What is Bharat Red doing? Sir, we have covered phase 1 and phase 2 has been started and it will provide... What is Bharat Red? What will Bharat Red do? Sir, optical fiber connectivity would be there. Then people would be able to access the internet and government services using internet. They would be... So once you laid the optical fiber they will be able to access it? Nothing more is required. Sir, data literacy is required. For that we have PM Disha program to provide data literacy to rural areas. On top of that we have common certificate centers. So that people who are illiterate and do not know how to access the internet, they can use the services of CSEs. You are from which state? Delhi. Now, are you pushing? Yes. Can you tell us, what is the money bill? Money bill, as per article 110 of the constitution, it is with money matters. And in money bill, the passage of money bill, Rajasabha's majority is not mandatory. They can only provide suggestions and it is up to the Lok Sabha to consider those suggestions or not. Aadhaar was passed as a money bill. What are your views on this? Sir, Aadhaar passed as a money bill was a controversial topic and it is still being judged by the Supreme Court. It is still under sub-division matter. But sir, the provision of Aadhaar had some other matters on top of money matters as well. Can you tell us what is the office of profit? The office of profit basically means you are having an office and which is providing you profit out of your job. I mean if you are a legislator but you are again assigned as chairman of some board and it is giving you some sort of profit, not necessarily a monetary profit, but even if it is a position, then it will come under office of profit and there would be conflicts. And why should a person, a legislator holding office of profit be disqualified? Sir, it would lead to conflict of interest. In some cases, let's say I am an MLA of my area and again I am heading a company. Now I can formulate some policies which will help my company or myself. Overlap between legislature and executive. Yes, sir. Precisely. Can you tell us about some amendments which were made post-Nirvaya? Some amendments were made after the Nirvaya incident in Krinnan. Yes, sir. Sir, one was regarding the jubilane. In India's crimes, the jubilane age was considered for 16, a state of 18. Sir, other provisions are not able to recall right now. Okay. Now, can you tell me which constitutional authority or which who takes oath to preserve, protect and defend the constitution? Sir, Supreme Court. Abide by the constitution. We are illegals to them. Thank you. Okay. It's the President. Okay. He wants to. Yes, sir. Political science and international relations is just awesome. Why did you choose this? Because you want computer science and engineering. You have big day. But why did you choose this? Any specific reason? Sir, two broad reasons. I had always interested in international affairs. Okay. And second thing is that computer science, my own subject, was not in the list of subjects. Okay. I don't. Now, tell me. We have said India's constitution is a federal constitution with lot of unitary features. Yes, sir. Do you agree or disagree? Sir, I would agree to some extent. If you agree, you have to justify putting some of the articles or provisions of the constitution. Sir, we have already a services under Article 312. Okay. What is already a services? We have office of governor under Article 153. Sir, we have, we used to have planning commission until now. Planning commission? Does it find a mention in the constitution? No. So, then why are you saying? Sir, we have finance commission under Article 18. How does it say that the unitary? Sir, it's a... Sir, I would, I would again say if we have in under Schedule 7, the majority of the items are in the union list. Okay. But there are some state lists also. Yes, sir. But there are some... The important provisions you are missing, you are a political sense student. Sir, emergency provisions... What? Emergency provisions? And... When the... What is that I get? Emergency provisions, please. You know the articles, but I don't have to ask anything. Moreover, in part one, we have the provisions to state new state, rename a state. That is article? Article 3. Article 3. You are correct. Integrated judiciary. Yes, sir. All these things you have to say. Okay. Why do you take so much time to answer this question? Prepare. Prepare. Okay. Then... You see, international relations, you follow international affairs and so on. The growing hegemony of China. Yes, sir. It is a cause of concern for India. Why? Why India should be concerned. America was also a very powerful state, yes sir. Now the growing hegemony of China. Sir, since the time of Xi Jinping, they had... Since the time of Xi Jinping, the President of India, they had this ideology of Chinese dream of ruling the whole world, of having the biggest... Of becoming the biggest superpower ever in the history. Now for that, India is the regional power. And China is growing its influence using several projects like One Belt, One Road, Magical and Chilic route. They are actually influencing... They are extending their influence in Indian Ocean region as well. And again, if some major power is coming into Indian Ocean region and that to China, India should be concerned. Is it also a fact that, you know, China is behaving like a disruptive power? Yes, sir. In our region, because, you know, in all India's case, like UNSC. What happened in UNSC? Sir, we wanted to designate the... Jai Shah Mohammad Chief as an international analyst. But China denied us because we think they are bigger power. So they are also behaving like a disruptive power also. Yes, sir. And growing hegemony in Indian Ocean and all this region. Okay. Now tell me another thing. You know, the power to amend the constitution is given to whom? In our constitution. To parliament? To parliament. Is it an absolute power? No. Then? What is the restriction? Sir, restriction comes through basic structure doctrine. 1973 Keshima and Bhakti Keshima in India. I got it. You enjoy swimming and you also give first aid to stray animals. Yes, ma'am. Now the stray animals, it becomes quite a nuisance when we have cats and dogs moving all over the place. Yes, ma'am. So how do we deal with that problem? You know, there are many cases, incidents of dogs, warring little children. Yes, ma'am. Attacking little children. How do we get over the problem? First of all, there need to be awareness in the society. Even if there is a rapid dog. Even if there is no rapid dog. Even if there is a dog, someone needs to recognize how to reduce the danger. Second thing comes the responsibility of the states to ABC animal birth control rules, where we do spaying and nutrient of the animals to control the population. And ma'am, if the state capacity is limited, then NGOs are involved in this process and the amount is reimbursed to the NGOs. But just by nutrient a dog, it's going to only limit the population. Yes, ma'am. But the ones who are already there and attack, what do you deal with them? Ma'am, if a dog only attacks when he is ill or rapid, for that we have vaccination and treatment procedure. Okay. Now you also are interested in swimming. How is it that we haven't performed well at all on the international level? We have no swimmers for tending. Ma'am, I would give you several reasons. First of all lack of gender or such. Even in the state of Delhi, swimming is a costly exercise. Yes. And second thing, ma'am, there was not any motivational figure until now. Like we got majority of share in cricket when we won the World Cup in 83. Such sort of intervention has to be there. These are the things. How is it that it's only cricket which gets so much of companies? The other sports don't. Ma'am, first of all, first of all, the factor was motivation. Second, it was the factor of administration of cricket. Basically, I administered it very, very well. And even provided profitable revenues for youngsters. Okay. Now, since you lived in Delhi, you must have dead and hurt and seen pollution. Yes, ma'am. So what are the reasons why Delhi is such a polluted city? Ma'am, again, there are several reasons. First of all, Delhi is densely populated. It is happening densely populated, 11,000 per square kilometer. Second thing, the number of vehicles in Delhi, even if you combine the number of vehicles in Mumbai, Bangalore, Burkata. Okay, now go to Pakistan. There were construction activities in Delhi and more. Okay. Due to the road rest and all things. And ma'am, environmental factors. It is not closer to the sea. What about the budgetful power plant? What about the brick clings? All those are leading to pollution. So we have lots of directions being given by MGT and other parties. Can you give some of their recommendations? Yes ma'am. That is the daily action plan given by MGT and the centre of pollution in the road. Whenever PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations go there, there are several phases. But even otherwise, even if we don't have this on a daily basis, what can be done and what is being recommended? The usage of private vehicles should be limited, should be restricted in a sense. Public vehicles should be promoted. And Audiman comes in the interaction when emergency is there. And the closure of these brick clings and power plants. And civil management is an important factor in this segregation at source. And moreover, we have landfills in Delhi which are causing a lot of pollution. So we need to find another way to manage this solid waste. Now you've done computers, etc. So tell me something about artificial intelligence. Why is it becoming so important? Everyone is discussing artificial intelligence. Until now we had only humans as intelligent beings. Now when you impart intelligence into machines, it becomes artificial intelligence. Let's suppose the task we were doing before, manning the borders, performing operations, manual labour tasks. These all can be done by robots and artificial intelligence machines. Okay. My last question about regional air connectivity. There is this scheme. Can you tell me something about this scheme? It comes under Udhid Nishka Amnabeli, Puran's team of the government. We are providing new greenfield airports and reviving brownfield airports. And we are providing subsidies. And there has been a cap limit of 2500 per hour. One hour. And ma'am it involves helicopters as well. So they are only going to get 50% of seats in this. And what about the remaining? 50% of the seats they can even profit. And how are they going to make use of all the funds that they require from where will the funds come? Ma'am on domestic flights, they have put a fee. I'm not sure about the fee name, but they put a fee on that. Vibrality gap funding. Vibrality gap funding is there. Okay, thank you. What were the objectives behind demonetization? Sir, to curb the malice of black money. For gaining the undisclosed sources of income into formalized economy. And to promote data economy. Have these objectives been realized? What I studied is the results. Every group by the data, 99.8% of the money came back. We thought there would be a large amount of black money, but that wasn't there. Or people were able to order the money. But in the case of data economy, yes, we have progressed in that case. Where data transaction has been increased. But in the other context? Yes, sir. Direct tax and indirect tax collections increased a lot. And there was a significant amount of investment in the stock market. That I don't know whether that can be attributed to demonetization. But yes, direct tax collection has gone up. Yes, sir. And also the tax base has gone up. Yes, sir. Right? Okay. There are two kinds of economic policy. One is fiscal policy, the other one is monetary policy. What is the difference between the two? The monetary policy relates to the amount of money separated in the economy. That is done by RBI. And fiscal policy is the taxation policy or other policy related to what are the instruments of fiscal policy and what are the instruments of monetary policy? Just to mention, fiscal policy we have tax, indirect tax, direct tax. And monetary policy we have reverse-reporate. Okay. Now you mentioned one of two fiscal concerns and one of two monetary concerns. So fiscal pension would be a fiscal deficit. It has actually grown in this years. Right. Okay. Okay. And the current amount deficit? These are all fiscal concerns. Yes, sir. Monetary concerns? One thing would be the amount of high-value currency in the total situation. Inflation, sir. Inflation is the main... Interest rate. Interest rate. Right. They stop going on about holding simultaneous elections. Some people, they are suggesting that we should go into a simultaneous elections. What is your opinion? Sir, it's a new idea. I think we should approach it but we should approach it cautiously. Keeping all the factors in mind that it has some positive as well as some negatives. Just to mention one of the positives and positives would be you have model for the conduct and the policy of the country is always in the election mode. If simultaneous elections are there they would be clear that mandate that is okay. So this is the positive side. Negative side. Sir, it tends to affect the popularity factorism that we have because voters can sometimes vote for the national leader or national party even in the regional elections. Also, I think if you put tremendous pressure on the machine... Exit polls and opinion polls. What's the difference? Sir, exit polls is the one when the person is voting and we bring up whom you voted after he has voted. Opinion polls is not opinion before the elections. What is the legal position in India? Opinion polls are banned. Exit polls are allowed. Opinion polls are allowed. Exit polls are banned but they need to be released only after the day of voting has been over in all the state elections. Now there are two types of system. One is presidential system. The other one is parliamentary system. We have opted for the parliamentary system. Some people suggest that we should the presidential system of governance is a better alternative. Do you agree on that? What are the advantages of a presidential system? In a diverse country like India, we need a parliamentary system because the representatives coming from different backgrounds being elected this won't be in the presidential system. It would have a central leader a powerful leader who can appoint his own cabinet and his own representatives. But in the parliamentary system even in small states this is their contribution and that they represent it. Thank you. The scope of article 21 has expanded vastly. What is the latest addition to it? Sir, we can say right to presidency is the latest addition. Along with that right to decide your own vote and right to choose your private life that involves different states. You know the case of Hadiya from Kerala. What principle did Supreme Court establish? What was the ground on the Supreme Court? Rejected the demand of the father and all. Of course the case is still pending but Supreme Court has made its mind very clear. The court is not a minor and he has the right to choose his own life and to choose his own partner. So two consenting adults nobody can interfere. Right to privacy. What was the principle affirmed by Supreme Court in Parmavar case? The right to creative freedom. I will not put it also about this. The freedom of speech and expression? Yes sir. What principle it affirmed in the Triple Talar case? I am not too sure but it was about right to clarity and... Simple. Women have a constitution right, effective quality. RTD-15. Now mental case. What principle was established by Supreme Court in this case? The principle of judicial freedom. Sorry sir. Can you define the new process of law? Can you define the new process of law? The new process of law, sorry Supreme Court is able to even even to review the cases the law decided by the legislature. It is different from the procedure established by the law that has been followed in the US. It has been followed in the UK. That's okay. The real principle is that the law is reasonable. And procedure must follow the principles of natural justice. These are the two principles in the video process. Now can you identify some fundamental right which are women specific which give constitutional rights to women? Sir, in article 21 you have a particular right where women cannot be put behind those chains. Why? Article 50 and 16? Yes sir. That's what you mentioned. Right. On what ground women have been allowed to go into temples where so far entry was barred? Yes sir. What is Westphalia model? Westphalia? Westphalia? Have you heard it in international affairs? Yes sir. Westphalia model? What is this Westphalia model of states? Sir, I am not able to recall that completely. You were asked about hegemony of China. What is a hegemony model? The hegemony model in one English country expanded spheres of influence in other countries. This is the opposite of it. Nation states respecting their boundaries. What are global commons? Sir, I was tapping the set of principles in which all of us agree for greater good. No, global commons are those entities in the world or in the universe which are everyone's property. No one can own them. No one can own them. We have oceans. Now you are right. High seas. What else? I am not typing. In international relations you should be able to say this. Why is Cape Town coming to notice for some serious problems? Cape Town is facing severe water shortage. It is facing due to climate change. You got it. We close the interview.