 Hello, everyone. This is Shila Ratna Banshwade from Walchit Institute of Technology, SolarPur. Today, we are going to see the topic, aesthetics in product design, learning outcomes. Students will be able to describe importance of aesthetics in product design. As we all know, aesthetics plays a very vital role in product design. If a product is designed without considering the aesthetics, the product is not appealing or the appearance of the product does not appeal the customer to buy it. The product might not succeed in the market if aesthetic considerations are not done during the design of that particular product. Moving further, for a product to be classed as aesthetic, unity in order are essential. When we say that a product is designed aesthetically, unity on order are very much required in the product to be aesthetically defined. Now, what is unity? A product must appear finished, complete and separate elements and details harmonized in a logical way. A product is made up of different surfaces, different textures, different lines, different forms and so other different elements or components are brought together to form a single product. Even though there is a variety of components, there is a variety of elements of design used, the product should be appeared as a single unit. There should not be differentiation between the different components. The product should appear as a single entity and order, repetition of pattern with suitable break of monotony. There should be a specified order followed in the form or in the line or in the texture being used or in the components being used in particular product. So, unity and order are very much required to define the aesthetics of particular product or when we see unity and order in a particular product, we can say that the product has been followed the aesthetic rules or the product is designed aesthetically. Moving further, now some of the basic form of elements. Now, psychology, model making and ease of production are the points that are needs to be considered in basic form of elements. Now, the images that you can see on screen are the products formed by combining two or more basic shapes or basic forms. Here you can see a cylinder, here you can see a trapezoidal structure, here you can see a square structure or cube like structure. These elements are combined together to form this wing nut. Also, in bearing, this cylindrical structure outer and this small metal balls. This hydraulic or pneumatic pump or cylinder actuator, a key, a nut and a bracket. So, small individual basic forms or shapes are combined together to form these products. Then we have a balance. These single elements are brought together in such a way that to create a balance or stability in the product, you can see in the first image as compared to these two images. So, balance is very much important as far as aesthetic is concerned. Let us look into some of the examples. Here you can see two instruments. One you can see symmetry has been achieved in using the controls or providing the controls on this balance and here there is no symmetry, but an order, a systematic fashion has been followed over here. So, here intended symmetry has been achieved or balance has been achieved and here intended imbalance or asymmetry has been achieved. Here there is no symmetry you can see on the image. Here you can see a symmetry. Both adds to the aesthetics of that particular product. So, symmetry, intended symmetry is also useful as well as unintended asymmetry, desired asymmetry also adds to the beauty of that particular product. This was with balance. Then elegance and rhythm. As far as elegance and rhythm is concerned, you see the examples of automobiles. Here you can see this line, this line, this line coincides at certain point over here in space. So, there is a rhythm created over here. Here also there is a rhythm created vertical lines. There is a fashion there you can elegance in this design. Whereas in this designs there are haphazard lines as you can see. There is no desired pattern. There is no desired order in this design of the vehicle. So, elegance and rhythm is very much important as far as aesthetics is concerned. Then we have inclined planes and inclined lines. Using inclined planes and inclined lines adds to the beauty of that particular product. As you can see on the screen, this plane is different, this plane is different, this plane is different, this plane is different and lines are also used. This line is straight, this line is inclined against some inclination and against some inclination. So, inclinations and different planes though bought together does not look as if they are different. They come together to form a particular product and show unity among all this. All these planes though different but have come together to form this particular product. So, inclined planes and lines can also be used to increase the aesthetic look of a particular product as you can see on screen. Then how a message is conveyed through a product. You can see this weight is placed on this surface. Now, to create a sense of lightness or to create a message of lightness though the product is not light in weight but then to from its structure a sense of lightness or less weight is created in the following way. Here you can see this is the first way how the object can be made to look light. This is the second way. This is the third way and so on. Even for this though the total weight of the object remains the same only the visual appearance looks like the object is a light in weight. Then stability and weight a single vertical line a inclined line looks unstable but when you place another line in front of it it gives stability. So, if this looks more stable this looks more stable as compared to this. Similarly, convex surfaces or concave surfaces, rectangular or square surfaces look more stable and rigid as compared to this single line surfaces. So, stability can be increased by providing this kind of shape to the object or to the product that is being designed. Then the product message that is conveyed by speed. Now, I suggest you to pause the video at this moment and look at the diagrams that you see on the screen and find out how they convey the message of speed. So, here you can see when two lines meet at a point in a conical fashion or in a v fashion here also you can see a v fashion here you will see a v shape here you can see a v shape here also you can see a v shape and here also. So, when you bring two lines meeting at a point a sharp corner or angle has been created then they convey a message of speed. So, automobiles or planes or ships or any other moving objects are conveyed with the message of v form. So, they convey the message of speed. Now, looking at this missile image also this is in vertical v this inverted v the message of speed is conveyed through these images. So, these images this symbols convey that they the products are in motion or the products are associated with speed. So, to convey the message though the product does not look like like like the weight heavy object is made to look lighter. Similarly, heavy object or light object can be made to look stable and heavy reverse to this and the shape of the object the shape of the object is made to convey the idea of speed. So, this is how the line form and color can be used to convey aesthetics. So, aesthetics conveys the message how a product looks like or how the product will be conceived or the perspective of the customer towards a particular product. These are the references. Thank you.