 T1D is an autoimmune disease that requires lifelong insulin treatment, with genetics not being sufficient for its increase in incidence, especially among youth in Europe, where it increases at an annual rate of 3-4%. Cut microbiota plays a significant role in the development of T1D and there is evidence to suggest that changing its composition may prevent T1D. This article was authored by James A. Pearson, Andrew Agriantonis, F. Susan Wong and others.