 تشرف بالشتغالي بالعلم ولا تبغي به ما عشت يا دادا دالا وياله من شراف عظيمي المستديل لي المستديل لي is the one who is using the evidence المحتجب الدليل على دعوها المستديل لي is the one that's using the evidence for his claim and sometimes they do say in rare occasions they use the مستديل لي for the one who's asking and requesting for the دلالا the evidence are you there? they call that but the majority of the times the مستديل لي is the one who we would call what these are all interchangeable terms that can be used in different places they will say مستديل sometimes they will call him a معلل sometimes they will even call him the مدعي so those are all the same he's a مدعي he's claiming something now the next time we find is الصواب الصواب is correct صواب and حق for them is the same صواب means what's right and it means anything that's in accordance to the reality الموافق للواقع is what they call صواب now they have the people when you look at صواب pay attention but this is very important because this goes into a very well known by the scholars which is some scholars they connect what's right based on beliefs if you look at جويني رحم الله what does he say he says الصواب ما أصيب به المقصود pay attention to this when I say beliefs what I mean by attention it's a powerful point here that is الصواب what's correct is ما أصيب به المقصود that which the intent is reached for them what is right is what the intent has been reached with are you there so they connect it to what is right based on the intent but there's another group of scholars who say they say إن المعتقداتي the belief of a person لا يرى به الصواب وعدم we don't care what you intended to reach or to attain even if you reach your goal you are when you've come with this صواب are you with me brothers because the other group of scholars they say no صواب is anything that's in accordance to the reality whether you intended it or not are you there what is صواب is what's in accordance to the reality are you with me brothers why would this benefit us this خلاف here right now that they have it is built upon a قاعدة which is هل المصيب واحد if the scholars differ upon a matter is one of them right or are they all right are you with me brothers هل المصيب واحد are the scholars one of them right وما عداه مخطئ is there only one person who's right and the rest are wrong أو كل مجتهد المصيب or do we say that every مجتهد he got it right so if you say if you took the view or if you took the claim which is that what's correct is what you intended then this person intended to please Allah المجتهد and he pleased Allah so he's right and the other one he did it to please Allah so both of them even though they have opposing opinions they're both right صح but if you say that the صواب that correct is who's in a coolness to the textual evidence who's a coolness to the reality then one is right and the other one is wrong صح and that's what our prophet told us عليه الصلاة والسلام which is إذا اجتهد الحاكم وما إذا اجتهد المجتهد إذا مجتهد يجهد اجتهد فأصابة and he gets it right فأصابة صواب فأصابة he gets it right فأصابة he gets it right for for طrires so he's right one God hisCU for Allah so what is that benefit , our brothers not everybody who strives is right there is a right and a wrong nine that reward on the other hand is what they both leave with but they're not the same in the reward as well because the first one what what did he do because the first one, what did he do? He got two, why did he get two? The reason he got two is because number one, he strove and he's striving and his hard work is one reward and the fact that he got it right is the second reward The second one, like him, he's striving is what he got one reward for Did he get it right? No, he didn't get it right, so he doesn't get the reward for that So there's a right and there's a wrong So what we will say that صواب means and it is الموافق للواقع الموافق الموافق the one that's in accordance to the الحق That which is in accordance to the حق is what is صواب Another thing is a term that they use which is خود الاعتبار They use a term called الاعتبار which is from the famous أسطلاحات أشهر المسطلاحات الجدلية Which is called what? It is called الاعتبار اعتبار means تقدير What does تقدير mean? It means when you say to a person when you give them a hypothetical scenario When you give them a what? A hypothetical scenario So for example you say to the person اعتبر ان المسألة كده Just take it as though this is the مسألة like this اعتبر here means just take it as though The next term or the other term that which they use is المطالبة المطالبة It's from the مسطلاحات الجدلية It's from the terms that they use المطالبة المطالبة means طالب الخسم requesting from your opponent So one opponent is requesting from the other opponent اقامة الدليلي اقامة الدليلي to establish a proof على صحة دعوه He's requesting from him He's asking from him To bring forward an evidence A correct authentic evidence In his claim that he has brought forward It's called مطالبة I'm requesting you So you say to a person اقامة الدليلي على صحة كلمك كده وكده Please brother Establish a proof, an evidence To authenticate This statement which you've said here مطالبة I'm here to ask The other term which they use is إضمار Another concept that they use It's called مصطلحة Which is from the مطالحات الجدلية مصطلحة إضمار إضمار It's when a person's speech is not complete Or there's something missing from their speech Are you there? This on the hand which is إضمار It's common you find that a lot For example even in the Quran Sometimes Allah uses that For example Allah says أو على سفرين فعدة من أيام أخر فمن كان منكم مريضا أو على سفرين فأفطرة is missing there Meaning And he broke his fast فعدة من أيام أخر As well as if I am sick And I am ill So you still have to bring my fasting No it means فأفطرة You break your fast فعدة من أيام أخر You bring back the fasting then This is called إضمار This is called what? It's called إضمار Basically The person is reduced And he is taken out Or he is shot in his speech And the قاعدة which is مقررة عند العرب is what أن المقدمة This is قاعدة They say that المقدماتي المعلومة يجوز وحدفها إذا أن المقدماتي المعلومة They have a concept called إذا إذا إذا شيء جميل معنا جميل معنا جميل معنا I am allowed to remove that from a discussion If it's something that's already by default should be known by both of us Okay I am allowed to There's no need for me to lengthen my speech I don't need to go lengthy in my speech I can just get to the point They have another term which is called شاد Are you with me brothers شاد It's not the same for the علماء الجدل When they use the word شاد They use شاد as what If a person agrees with you Then he opposes you again If he agrees with you Then he opposes you They call this شاد So for example They will say فلان شاد وشد فلان When do they say that أنه وافق ثم خالف He agreed And then he There he is again Disagreeing again Are you with me brothers علماء الجدل If they call you shad It's meaning Look you're agreeing with me And look at you again Disagreeing with me Meaning you're not consistent In your point You're weak in your argument You're one time in line with me And you're taking on my point And you're taking the principles That I've put in place And now when it comes to the You don't want to accept it Don't take that the term شاد To the علماء الجدل It means the same as the word Or the محدي فين It means the same To the علماء الجدل It doesn't mean it They have another term called المعتاد المعتاد معتاد basically means Something that has become Well established It has become repetitive In this particular field It's معتاد In other words It keeps repeating itself It keeps happening all the time It's called معتاد It's become the عادة معتاد comes from the عادة It becomes the نومs Something keeps repeating itself It's now معتاد That opposite of معتاد Is another term which they use It's called نادر نادر is a term That you see in it It's called نادر It's rare It really happens Another term that they use It's called اجتهاد اجتهاد Which is basically means بذلو الوسر في تحسيل المطلوب It's basically when you strive You put effort and hard work in In gaining what you're looking for Or you again في تحسيل الحقي Or to reach the truth Is when you strive hard Brothers بذلو الوسر في تحسيل الحقي When you strive hard To reach the truth Are you with me brothers? Another thing that is done That is used in علم الجدل Is called الامتقال الامتقال basically means that It basically means Leaving off a speech that you're speaking about Or you're discussing The topic and the thing that Which you're talking about You leave it And you leave it for something else For example, me and you are discussing Is وطر واجب Or is it مستحب Are you with me brothers? And then guess what happens As we're talking We move on to عدد ركعاتي وطر What's the number of وطر? That now is called انتقال And علم الجدل What you need to do is That you need to stop that happening Or the debate will never be fruitful And the discussion will never be fruitful You have to make sure That the discussion is على نسق واحد It goes in one line There's a swerve and a wave All over the place And that tends to happen A lot in discussions A lot of the times When a person jumps to الامتقال The scholars, they determine from that بأن المنافر قد انقطع That he's unable to carry on This dialogue anymore He's unable to carry on This discussion anymore That's why he goes to The other one And that's the ability To look at the answer To Mr. El-Khassmi That he's unable to speak About the half you seemed To make him go in the form of The official leader And that he's unable To look at the person Who's by the way To make him do the這麼 Of the talk أصحيحي And Ibu A'qir رحمه الله He said To cut the movement And he's unable To make him the general Of the argument Of the face That started From that topic And that person لذا what he does is he swiftly unknowingly he will try his best to just move on to another point change the subject, he will change the topic and he wouldn't move on. That's when you find that the person is what انقطاء has happened to him is unable to carry on the argument. Another thing is used is عضبط. عضبط is the opposite of الانتقال. It's precision, consistency is when you're precise in your point. You're not swaving and you're not jumping from one topic to another. So both of the two people who are debating are restricting themselves to the مسألة المتلازع فيها. They're both restricting themselves on the topic that they are talking about. In this المجدل والملاظرة is called ضبط. You can say these two people, masha'Allah, they're consistent at the point, how they just go into this point. Nothing else. They don't go off topic. They're fully stuck on this issue. The other مصطالح that's used is مباهلة. مباهلة is basically when you say I'll make a du'a against myself. I'll cast myself if I'm not upon the truth and you do the same. And it's like from قوله تعالى ثم أنا بتهل فنجعل لعلة الله على الكاذبين. ثم أنا بتهل ودو مباهلة فنجعل أن we will place the curse upon the one who's lying from amongst us. This is resulted to when the debate just goes on and you see that this person is مكابر. Stubborn and hard headed. So when I accept the truth. And that he's also got so many other people behind him. We're taking him as a source and a margin. You see this point like this. A مباهلة is done. So you can see first of all he's a مكابر. He's stubborn and he's hard headed. He doesn't want to accept it. Every point that you bring, he doesn't want to take it. He says to you if you only do this I'll take it from you. You do it for him. He says no, I won't take it. Are you there? And you know that he has behind him. Umam nations and people that are following him. And if he falls and accepts it, they're all going to accept it. This color day result here too مباهلة. There's another مصطلح that's called دلالة المطابقة. There's another term which is called دلالة المطابقة. دلالة المطابقة basically is a term that when you say it a lot of things fall under it. I don't need to mention all of those things. For example when I say house you by default will know when I say house that there are windows in the house and that there are doors and then there's carpets and that there is walls and pillars and et cetera. All of that come under the word house. That's called what? It's called مطابقة. There are many things that fall under it. So if I say for example house would you think of a car? No, that's not part of the word. Only a restricted amount of things will come to your mind when I say house. And we do have different thoughts in our minds of how a house would look like. Are you there? But the point is that we all agree that there's going to be universal points that we're going to see when we speak about a house. That's called دلالة المطابقة. It's a term that they use. The other term that they use also is called دلالة التضمني. دلالة التضمني is when you start taking part of the house. And you basically pinpoint some of the things that are in the house. For example, you say the wall now. Or you say the door. Or you say the window. Now this is something that's part of the house, right? This is not the house. Is it the house? No, it's not. It's part of the house. This is called تضمني. So a person can, your speech, when you say a word, what a person can do is they can hold your account for two things. They can hold you for مطابقة. دلالة المطابقة. Because what your word says, I can hold your account for it. That word. And everything that falls under it. And I'm also allowed to take the things that you've said part by part. I can take some and just get rid of the rest. I don't want to use it for now. I just want to use this. Does that make sense? I can take تضمني. If your word consists of something, I can take what it consists of. That's no problem. Because that's what you said. The third one is called دلالة اللتزام. التزام here means that the house was made by somebody. The house was what? Are you with me brothers? I know now but I know that the house was made by somebody. Or a company made it or an individual made it. I know it didn't just come out from here. صح? That's called دلالة اللتزام. So دلالة المطابقة means the whole house with everything that's in it. دلالة التضمني is taking part of the house. And دلالة اللتزام basically means that the house was made by somebody. Now دلالة اللتزام cannot necessarily be something you can hold a person for when discussion comes on. Okay? Does that make sense brothers? You can't. Sometimes it can be and sometimes it's not necessarily the case. Another term that's used in علم الجدل. علم الجدل is محل النزع. This is important. محل النزع. محل النزع is very important. محل النزع is very important because you basically say to the person what is موطل الخلاف? What is it? What is it that you differ with me on? Are you there? Brothers, don't you sometimes feel that when you're in a discussion somebody keeps talking to you about something you agree on. And I keep saying to you I agree with you on this. Let's not talk about it now. صح? That's a waste of time. I only want from you. محل النزع are we different. صح? Are you with me brothers? صح? This happens very commonly. So in a discussion, in a debate, you first of all have to sit down what is it that we differ upon? Why are we talking to each other for? What's the موطل الخلاف? محل النزع. Where are we arguing on? يا أخي you believe this. That's why because many people haven't understood محل النزع. Why I'm differing with you on? About what am I differing you with on? Because you haven't understood that many people were basically they will name the other person a name that isn't correct. صح brothers. So محل النزع basically means just what are you differing on? There's another مصطلح which they use which is تحرير محل النزع. تحرير محل النزع is basically the coming together تحرير محل النزع is when you both come together and you narrow it down. This narrowing down is called تحرير. Okay we agree upon that. Okay I get that. We agree upon this one as well. Yup we do. Okay and this one? Yes we also agree upon this one. Okay. Okay what about this? No we differ upon this. Okay put this in a chart of those things that we differ upon. Next point. And you keep until you find out what is it that he differs with you on? Are you with me brothers? This coming together and basically narrowing it down to what you differ upon is called تحرير. It's called what? It's called تحرير محل النزع. And محل النزع as I said before is what? It's موطن الخلاف. The point that you differ upon. It's the point that? So mean you are differing on whether it's what? If wither is وجب or if it's not وجب. We're not differing upon if wither is from Islam or if it's not from Islam. And تمعي. It is ظل من عدوان that you go out and about and you tell people I believe wither is not from Islam. But wither is not from the religion. Are you there? I'm saying to you is it وجب or is it not وجب? Are you with me brothers? What that person is doing to you is مخادع is deception what you're doing here right now. I haven't said that. I believe it's from the religion. I'm actually saying to you is مستحب or is it وجب? I'm just that's my discussion from what two levels Shall I give it to you? That's what the حل النزع is. Are you with me brothers? When we say that don't worship the Prophet. Are we saying that the Prophet should be hated? Are we saying that the Prophet shouldn't be honored? Are we saying that the Prophet ﷺ shouldn't be venerated, respected and gave giving? Is that what we're saying? No, we're not saying that. We're just saying that this is not from the rights that he deserves. See? So what these people would do is they would turn away from the point of discussion and they'll say to you guys hate the Prophet. The problem here is تحرير محل النزع. The point of discussion has actually been turned away from. You say you can't break the Oliya of Allah. He'll say to you hate the Oliya. No, I don't hate the Oliya. O Allah, I love them. But this is Allah's rights. This is what? This is the right of Allah. حق الله. I just want Allah's rights to be given to him. And I want the Oliya to be given their rights. So the محل النزع is what's the rights of the Oliya? Not whether the Oliya are loved by Allah or if they're righteous or not. That's not the discussion at hand. Are you with me? تحرير محل النزع is important. That you restrict and you find out what is the point of discussion. Another thing that they use is the word الفرض. الفرض again is same as the word that we used before. Which is basically to say when they say example إفرض أنه حصل كده. Hypothetically say so. That this, this, this happened. Okay. بمعنى قدر. This took place. Same. Same. So why is it that he uses a different form? It's just like it's big. Because this person is now making it obligatory on you. That's why. When he brings it forward. So it's your choice to reject it or accept this. Whether you even accept this example that he's bringing forward. Another term that's used is مناط المسألة. مناط المسألة. Which is another term that they use. مناط المسألة means what this ruling revolves around. Or in other simple terms their description in which it's connected to this ruling. For example we know that the manate of خمر بين حرام is what? اسكار. That's the reason. ستعيلا فوايس حرام. صح. So the word manate العلا سي. The reasoning. And as we know الحكم يدوروم مع عيلتي وجودن وعدم. So what's this ruling of yours revolving around? The other will stop there إن شاء الله تعالى for a break. And then we'll go to another point بإذن الله الكريم.