 Bacillus thuringiensis, BT, is a gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that produces several types of toxins, including cryoensit proteins, which are toxic to a variety of insects, nematodes, and even cancer cells. Additionally, BT can produce vegetative insecticidal proteins, VIPs, and secreted insecticidal proteins, CIPs, that target specific insect species. Finally, BT can also produce bin-like and ETX underscore MTX2 family proteins, which are related to the mosquito-cytobinary, bin, and MTX2 toxins from Licinobacillus sphericus. All of these toxins have potential applications for controlling insect populations. This article was authored by Leopoldo Palma, Delia Munoz, Colin Berry, and others.