 Apical periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by infection of the dental pulp. It leads to destruction of the surrounding tissues, including the jawbone and gum. Traditional endodontic treatments such as root canal therapy have had limited success in treating this condition due to its complex nature. Recent studies have shown promise in using various novel approaches such as biologics, antioxidants, specialized pre-resolving lipid mediators and stem cells to improve the success rates of traditional endodontic treatments. These approaches are still in the experimental stage but show great potential for improving the outcomes of apical periodontitis. More research is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms of this disease and how these novel approaches can be used to effectively treat it. This article was authored by Zilema Arias, Muhammad Zahid al-Islam Nizami, Xiaoting Chen and others.