 This study reviews and summarizes over 200 publications on the thermochemical conversion of biomass into biofuels through pyrolysis technology, highlighting its socioeconomic advantages and efficiency compared to other methods. However, this technology is not yet fully developed for commercial applications and challenges such as understanding the trade-off between plant size and feedstock, improving reactor reliability, and resolving practical application issues remain. Further study is needed to improve the economics of biomass pyrolysis for biofuel production. This article was authored by Ashfaq Ahmed Chaudhary, Nanjapa Ashwat, Mohamed G. Rasool and others.