 the study investigated the effectiveness of five different catalysts on fast pyrolysis of poplar wood. Catalysts such as calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, and zinc oxide were tested. The results showed that calcium oxide had the most significant impact on reducing the levels of phenols and anodrosigars, while increasing the production of cyclopentanones, hydrocarbons, and lighter compounds. Magnesium oxide was found to be a mild catalyst, which only slightly changed the pyrolytic products. The other four catalysts all decreased the levels of linear aldehydes drastically, while increasing the production of ketones and cyclopentanones. None of them were effective at reducing the acids, except for nickel oxide. Additionally, the catalysis by iron oxide resulted in the production of various hydrocarbons. This article was authored by Chang Liu, Ji Feizhan, Shi Fengzhu, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.