 The study found that there are approximately 1.7 billion people worldwide who are latently infected with M.TB, representing about a quarter of the global population. This means that these individuals have been exposed to the bacteria but do not yet show any signs or symptoms of active TB. These people are at risk of developing TB disease if they are not treated, so investments in new tools to diagnose and treat them are necessary to reach the goal of ending TB by 2050. This article was authored by Rain M.G.J. Howbin and Peter J. Don.