 and inferencing. Inferencing refers to a reader being able to figure out what a writer means even though the writer doesn't say it directly. A simple example is if a reading says that a solid surface is wet. Possible inferences are that the surface was in the rain or that someone spilled a liquid on it or that it is in a very humid room. Students will need to be able to make inferences in many EMI courses. It's important for instructors to realize when a text expects students to make inferences and then either tell students what the meaning is directly or teach them how to make the inferences in English. So reading is a complex process that involves many types of skills. We often forget just how many things we have to do when we read in a first language, let alone a different language. Doing a needs assessment helps us determine what our students might struggle with so that we can plan accordingly. Luckily, we can reuse many strategies and activities that we prepare when we teach the class again. And we can share our materials with others in the department and build a collection that saves us all time. Okay, I hope you enjoyed the video.