 The Mediterranean has been heavily affected by overfishing, which has caused a decrease in fish populations and a reduction in the amount of fish caught. Additionally, climate change and the introduction of non-native species have further exacerbated the problem. To address these issues, the authors suggest implementing better regulations and enforcement of existing laws, as well as increasing awareness among fishermen and the public. This article was authored by Francesco Coloca, Francesco Coloca, Giuseppe Scarcella, and others.