 So thank you very much now in this presentation From more general context We will go to individuality and to individual human Individual human life we will focus more on the economy of the masses because the masses Where the main motors of the of the economy in every time In this presentation I will present to you some Fine circumstances in which context Was the skeleton fine? Then I will ask my co-presenter Dalia to comment on results of diet and to Mobility and then we will try to put The results into some some sort of the some sort of the Okay, so Individual Belongs to the bad and culture and modern culture existed in the second half of the force millennium BC if it was spread in the territory of current Carpathian Bayesian in Central Central Europe one of the basic characteristics of this culture is very high quality pottery Which is well well fired and the and the dark burnish Also, there is a lack of a copper Metallurgy and in this time a new means of transport were introduced such as wagons, which were pulled by a pair of oxen or or horse however, the most distinctive Characteristics of this culture is a discrepancy between the number of the settlements and the burials known from this period we know Several hundreds maybe thousands of settlements, but as you can see there are only dozen Generally in the beginning of the bad and culture we can see some some cemeteries, but in the course of the reveal of the culture Settlement or earlier burials in the settlement context of revian Okay, and we will focus we will focus on on this case So our case study is based on the find from which is Located in southwestern Slovakia the site itself is situated on River here, so it's very close to the water course There are some very peculiar fine circumstances because the skeleton just fell off from the ceiling of a wine cellar The inspection of the site revealed that the skeleton was found at the bottom of the settlement pit Which was that a duck into the Which was that into the list? Okay, there is some mistake Presentation there should be some pictures, but nevertheless based on based on the anthropological examination We have here a female the sex of the skeleton was also confirmed by ancient DNA Which also showed us that she belonged to a haplogroup k1a whose origin is in the in the Near East She was died and she died at the age of adult us to She had And according to radio carbon data from a piece of She Fourth millennium BC and these data is in a correspondence with the data of the of the pottery The paleo pathology of this skeleton is very interesting It seems she suffered a lot of diseases and injuries Such as the distant ends of a ball of her forearms separate from nutritional disorder Which might have been a result of some trauma during during her life also, she has some Arthrosis archesis Arthritis in her cervical vertebrae, which might have been caused by heavy workload during her life or in higher higher ages this type of Disease or change appears appears naturally Also her teeth were highly abraded because of consumption of highly abrasive food, but we are thinking that She might also use the teeth as a tool and on her Scal and on her cervical vertebrae. There is some osteoma which suggesting she also suffered of some bone cancer so Retrite to reconstruct her day-to-day life by Series of stable isotope analysis, and I would like to ask Dalia to comment on the result of this analysis We did Measuring of mobility patterns for that female using laser ablation Strontium-based system, and I also did the diet of this individual measuring Molar 1, Molar 2, Molar 3 and the lung bone covering the whole biological age of of of that female and We in total we have 30 measurements covering M1, M2 and 3 so you have M1 the tooth M3 no M1 Develops during early childhood age of from 0 to 3 years of age then you have M2 covers more or less the age of 6 to 9 and The M3 is the last tooth in your in your jaw that develops when you are almost an adult so you are 18 21 So I imagine that if I take 10 measurements From each tooth with laser ablation I'm going to see a line of how this female is moving in different times lots of her life I wanted to see how she is acting as a child and how this mobility pattern is changing Later on and this is possible. Thanks to the fact that our biological Our body is actually developing the enamel in a very consistent way So you when you look at your teeth in your mirror You're going to see a little lines going up and down This is pericrimata lines and we know exactly that one pericrimata lines develops over seven to ten days So we have a whole history of ourselves and coded in an enamel in an enamel layer So when you look at the overall data from these three teeth You're going to see absolutely nothing basically nothing is changing here 709 709 709 But it looks like the female overly. I'm not in general is from the local area This is the overall summary of all measurements for each two but When you're going into details You're going to see something like this There's a huge variation in each time period of her life And in fact the situation is not so clear We can't really say that she is local because the first set of values You're going to see in her early childhood and this M1 It's actually suggesting that she is she was not born locally Because I checked also the local soils and and waters for that pretty much territory We were better found her and we can see that the baseline values are very very low We have basalts. So this is this is the local environment the soils in that area of zero seven zero eight This blue dots here indicate the the Daniel aqua fire because the aqua fire of Daniel discovering that territory So we have these two values here and here showing the local area You can clearly see that she's coming from outside Into area and later on she's staying for a long time living locally in her life But the dynamic of her mobility is changing because here you're going to see it's fairly stable You imagine a little child at age of three that only walking there's nothing they can't really travel on horseback Let's face it, but that is changing later on and later on when she's an adult And here we have a diet and diet again is following the pattern Dramatic change of diet from exactly the same teeth and one and two and three and a long bone So big shift and then she's staying locally within that area, but overall pattern of diet I'm not better has mentioned that we suspect she was heavily ill by the end of her life She was probably suffering for some kind of cancer so you can imagine the cancer patients They don't travel too far because of the pain no matter how much you try in a prehistoric Europe You can't travel when you're really sick. So for me if we consider any possibility for her traveling It would be canoe it would be by boat and we have a lot of little streams And I was asking better how far her boreal was from the local stream is approximately 100 meters So it starts to make some kind of sense that she could travel being carried by the other people in her in her life But in general when we look at the overall pattern of the diet for the near little Europe, it's not bad She's not starving. I can I have no grounds to claim that she's starving. This is pretty well fed person So we may assume that there was a group of people taking care of her giving her food if she was unable to To take our for herself Thank you very much So We are just In the beginning of our journey To discover The archaeology Archaeology of the of the masses So we want to profile more of these individuals From this period to find out how did they behave how did they consume and we will try The future to connect this kind of economy With with the microeconomy of the household We saw that this female was not very mobile and when she Did travel she traveled by also minimizing the physical physical activity therefore therefore Personal mobility or in this case This mobility Shaped her her local economy We think that based based on the information about She had some special status within her community and this Might have been the reason why she was deposited Why she was deposited at the bottom of the supplementary and one very important information is that together With her or she was buried with bones of Very young animals. We can say bones of fetus of Of sheep and goat and this gives us a hint in which period She was buried and it might might be the end of the winter or Early beginning or beginning of the spring. So thank you very much. I want to draw your attention