 Welcome to the Hindu News Analysis by Shankarai's academy. The display news articles along with the page numbers are provided here for your reference. The PDF link of the handed in notes along with the time stamping of the news analysis is provided in the description box as well as in the comment section for smart mobile users. Now let us start our news analysis. This article is based on Cortosat 3. The syllabus linking of this news article is highlighted here for your reference. The news article mentions that Cortosat 3 of ISRO will be launched at the end of this month. So from the examination point of view, let us discuss few facts related to Cortosat 3. It is a thought generation advanced ASL satellite. Here ASL means able to move quickly and easily and this satellite will obtain panchromatic and multi-spectral imagery. Their panchromatic literally means since due to all visible colors of the spectrum and multi-spectral means operating in several regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. So it has high resolution imaging capability and this Cortosat 3 will be launched by Polar satellite launch vehicle that is PSLV C-47 and know that PSLV C-47 is the 21st flight of PSLV in Excel configuration. The Excel variant of PSLV has six solid strap and motors and it has the highest payload capability among other PSLV variants and this Cortosat 3 will be launched into the sun synchronous orbit. Sun synchronous orbit means if the position of the sun with respect to a particular point on the earth remains same as the satellite which is passing over that point then the orbit is called as sun synchronous orbit and the operational life of Cortosat 3 is 5 years and it is the earth observation satellite. Know that the earth observation satellites of ISRO or the largest civilian remote sensing satellite constellation in the world and it is a thematic series of satellites which supports significant number of applications in the areas of land and water resources, cartography then also in oceanic and atmospheric studies. The Cortosat series have also application in cartography which means that the science or practice of drawing maps. So with high resolution imaging capability these maps will be drawn and as per the news article these satellites will able to pick up objects of size of even 25 centimeters from its orbit and this will make Cortosat 3 images as one of the finest and sharpest images in the world. Now we will see the other payloads of PSLV C-47 and this PSLV C-47 will launch not only Cortosat 3 but also 13 other commercial nanosatellites into sun synchronous orbit and these 13 commercial nanosatellites are from United States of America. Know that PSLV C-47 will carry nanosatellites as part of commercial arrangement with New Space India Limited. Know that New Space India Limited or in short NSIL is under the administrative control of department of space and this NSIL is a wholly owned government of India undertaking or it can be called as a central public sector enterprise. Therefore with respect to this news article we have discussed the importance of the Cortosat 3 and its applications in various fields. Let this have come to the end of the analysis of this news article and the displayed practice question will be discussed at the end of the session. Now let us proceed to the next news article. This news article is about the proposed decision to link the Cauvery river and the Gunda river in Tamil Nadu. The news article says that the state government has decided to proceed with the linking project and also the news article says that the National Water Development Agency is preparing a detailed report for the proposed river linking project. The syllabus linking of the news article is highlighted here for your reference. So in this context we need to understand some basic information about river linking before going into the news article. As you know that water is an important element for the life and it is the main input for agriculture. Hence the optimal utilization of water is necessary. Therefore with a view to harness the water resources the then ministry of water resources and now it is ministry of Jalsakthi and the Central Water Commission formulated a plan called national perspective plan for water resources development in 1980. This plan aimed at inter basin transfer of water from surplus basins to deficit ones with a view to minimize the regional imbalances and also to utilize the available water resources optimally. The national perspective plan has two components that is Himalayan rivers development and the second component is Peninsular rivers development. Now we will see in case of Himalayan rivers development it aims at construction of storage reservoirs on the principal tributaries of Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers along with inter linking of river systems to transfer surplus flows of eastern tributaries of the river Ganga to the west. It also envisages the linking of Brahmaputra and its tributaries with Ganga and Ganga with river Mahanadi. This is the component of Himalayan rivers development of national perspective plan. Now in case of Peninsular rivers development this component again divided into four major parts. In the first part it aims at inter linking of Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri rivers and also building storages at potential sites in these basins. This part involves the transfer of surpluses from Mahanadi and Godavari to the needy areas in the south through Krishna and Kaveri rivers. Then in the second part of this component it aims at inter linking of west flowing rivers that is north of Mumbai and south of Thabdi. Under this scheme it aims at the construction of storages and inter linking them to transfer surplus water to areas where additional water is needed and also the scheme provides for taking water supply canal to the metropolitan areas of Mumbai and it also provides irrigation in the coastal areas of Maharashtra. Then the third part of this second component aims at inter linking of Ken with Chambal. The scheme provides for a water grid for Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh and also inter linking canal backed system with as many as storages. Then the fourth part of the peninsular rivers development is that diversion of other west flowing rivers. As a part of it the high rainfall on the western side of the western guards runs down into numerous streams which discharge into the Arabian Sea and this fourth part aims at construction of an inter linking canal system backed with adequate storages that could be planned to meet all water requirements of Kerala and also for transfer of some water stores east to meet the needs of drought affected areas that is western part of Tamil Nadu. So the first part of peninsular rivers development is the inter linking of Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri rivers. As we have said that this aims to divert the surplus flows of the Mahanadi basin and the Godavari basin to the water short rivers like Krishna, Pena, Kaveri, Vaigai and Gundar basins in south. Note that the Kaveri-Gundar river linking that is mentioned in this news article is part of this linking. Now let us discuss in brief about national water development agency that is also mentioned in this news article. See this national water development agency was set up in 1982 by government of India as a society under Societies Registration Act of 1860 under the ministry of Jalshikthi. Now we will see the functions of this agency which includes to carry out detailed survey of possible reservoir sites and feasibility of inter linking under peninsular rivers development and Himalayan rivers development components of the national perspective plan. And other functions includes to prepare detailed project report of river linking proposals under the perspective plan for water resources development after the concurrence of the concern states. Then other functions like to carry out detailed studies about the quantum of water in various peninsular river systems and Himalayan river systems which can be transferred to other basins. Now let us look into the news article again. The article says that more than 3400 acres of land will have to be acquired in phase one to construct a canal under the proposed Kaveri-Gundar river linking project. And this canal will divert the excess water and this project is expected to give boost to agriculture in the waters case areas of Tamil Nadu. Therefore with reference to this article we have discussed in detail about national perspective plan then national water development agency and also the proposed inter linking of Kaveri with Gunda river basins. So the displayed practice prelims question will be discussed at the end of this session. Now let us proceed to the next news article. This editorial article is based on a recent verdict of the Supreme Court. The verdict was with reference to the maters regarding the insolvency and resolution proceedings of the company called SRST. This article mentions that as a result of recent Supreme Court judgment it has set a precedent in enabling quick and efficient resolution of insolvency and bankruptcy proceedings of the companies. That is why the news article is titled as the precedent. That is in simple terms the Supreme Court has set a model for the insolvency and bankruptcy proceedings of the companies. The author calls the recent verdict is a landmark in the short history of insolvency and bankruptcy resolution in India. The syllabus relevant for the analysis of this editorial article has been highlighted here for your reference. Now we will proceed with the editorial. Now we will see some of the recommendations by the author. He mentions some important take away points from the recent Supreme Court verdict. One is that the Supreme Court has clarified the important aspects related to insolvency proceedings. This is seen as significant because till the verdict of Supreme Court these aspects were interpreted differently by various stakeholders. And some of the stakeholders are like national company law tribunal, national company law appeal tribunal, the insolvency professionals and the committee of creditors and the party that process to acquire this tested company and also others like who are involved in insolvency processes. Now the recent verdict has given some clarity over these important matters associated with insolvency. And this is special because this will avoid litigation in various judicial forums. When there is a clarity this will ensure quicker resolution of insolvency proceedings. Recently one of our regular viewers has commented about to discuss the difference between national company law tribunal and national company law appeal tribunal. Now we will see in brief about these tribunals. The company law tribunal is established based on section 408 of the Companies Act of 2013 and it is established for the adjudication of corporate civil disputes under two legislations and they are the Companies Act of 2013 and the insolvency and bankruptcy code of 2016. And this is the main function of national company law tribunal. And it is a specialist body here we are calling it as a specialist body because it has both judicial and technical members. This combination of members and their specialized knowledge will help NCLT in resolving the matters effectively. As a result NCLT is able to provide PD justice, less expensive justice and effective justice in the area of commercial or corporate law. Now we will see what will happen if one of the parties is not satisfied with the order of NCLT. If a party is not satisfied then they can move to the appeal tribunal for first appeal. This appeal tribunal is called as the national company law appeal tribunal. See this national company law appeal tribunal was constituted under section 410 of the Companies Act of 2013. Therefore both NCLT and NCLAT are statutory bodies as they were constituted under an act of parliament. And the main function of NCLAT is hearing appeals against the orders of national company law tribunal. Note that it is also the appeal tribunal for hearing the appeals against the orders passed by national company law tribunals under section 61 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code of 2016. The NCLAT is also the appeal tribunal to hear and dispose appeals against any order on reviving compensation which is passed by the Competition Commission of India. And these are the some of the aspects with respect to NCLT and NCLAT. Now let us come to the editorial. See the Supreme Court has repelled the primacy that is it has given upper hand to the financial creditors over operation creditors in the resolution process. The ruling stated that the committee of creditors are supreme when it comes to deciding on commercial issues in conformity with law. For example in case of commercial issues like repayment of liabilities as per the insolvency resolution the NCLAT has to give importance to the decisions of committee of creditors. With the decisions have to be taken in conformity with the legal provisions. The author also mentions that these two clarifications of the verdict are sufficient to speed up the resolution processes under IBC code of 2016. Then the court has also stated that the 330 days time period for the insolvency resolution process is not sacrosanct that is the time limit is not applicable when there is some reasonable delay for the resolution process. For example reasonable delay here could be because of judicial proceedings. Then the court has also given a green signal for the acquisition of SR steel by air seller metal. Here during the acquisition and also under resolution the air seller metal will give around about 42,000 crores to the financial creditors of SR steel. As a result the financial creditors such as SBI, Punjab National Bank, ICICI Bank and others will receive their due amounts. Once repaid these amounts will be added as profit in these bank accounts. So the financial creditors were now assured that their credit will be repaid by the air seller metal. And because of improved insolvency resolution processes in this matter these banks will be financial creditors for more such companies. And because of the trust in the IBC code 2016 and as well as the resolution process. Now the author concludes the editorial by saying that because of all these reasons this verdict will serve as a useful precedent when it comes to deciding future insolvency and bankruptcy cases. See the insolvency and bankruptcy process is still in India and there is still a long way to go particularly in the matter of recovery percentages. If you take all the cases that have been adjudicated so far the overall recovery is less than 50%. This has to improve along with quick decision making process so that there is a better investment climate in our country. These are the some of the matters that were discussed in this news article. See this is a spectacular case in the matter of insolvency and bankruptcy cases in India. Therefore we request you to know about insolvency, bankruptcy and what is about IBC code and who is a resolution professional, what is resolution and committee of creditors and who are financial creditors, who are operational creditors and the recent Supreme Court verdict and why Supreme Court gave upper hand to the financial creditors who are the operational creditors and what is the issue between SR Steel and Air Cellar Mittal. All these things we have discussed in a detailed and much simpler manner in our daily news analysis on 16th November 2019. The link has been given in the description and we are advising this for those who have not seen the discussion on the Air Cell Mittal and SR Steel case and for other views you may use for revision. So with respect to this news article we have discussed all details with respect to insolvency and bankruptcy proceedings. Now let us move on to the analysis of next news article. This news article is about the present status and the reach of Pradhanamantri Matruvandana Yojana. The syllabus linking of this news article is highlighted here for your reference. In this context let us understand about the Pradhanamantri Matruvandana Yojana. Here know that Matru means mother and Vandana means to treat with respect. So Pradhanamantri Matruvandana Yojana is aimed at treating women with respect during the period of pregnancy and lactation by giving them monetary benefits and this scheme came into effect on 1st January 2017. Note that the Pradhanamantri Matruvandana Yojana is one of the centrally sponsored scheme and executed by the Ministry of Women and Child Development. See if the scheme is centrally sector scheme it means that 100% funding is provided by the central government and if the scheme is centrally sponsored scheme the funding is shared between the center and the state governments. In case of Matruvandana Yojana the cost sharing ratio between the center and the states and the center and union territories with the legislature is about 60 to 40 but in case of northeastern states and Himalayan states it will be in the ratio of 90 to 10 but in case of union territories without legislature 100% funding is by the central government. Now we will see the objective of the program and this Matruvandana Yojana aims at providing partial compensation for the wage loss in terms of cash incentive so that the pregnant and lactating women can take adequate rest before and after delivery of the first living child and this would result in improved health status among pregnant women and lactating mothers and this scheme would be implemented through the platform of the existing Anganwadi centers ASHA and A&M workers. You note that ASHA means Accredited Social Health Activist and A&M means Auxiliary Nurse and Midwife. Now we will see the beneficiaries of the program and here the beneficiaries are all pregnant women and lactating mothers who have their pregnancy on or after 1st January 2017 for their first child in the family. But the scheme excludes pregnant women and lactating mothers who are in regular employment with the central government or the state governments or PSUs that is public sector units or those who are receiving of similar benefits under any law for the time being in the force. See under this scheme a beneficiary is eligible to receive benefits only once but in case of miscarriage or stillbirth the beneficiary would be eligible to claim the remaining installments in the event of any future pregnancy. Here miscarriage refers to death of fetus during pregnancy and stillbirth is a baby born with no signs of life at or after 20 weeks of gestation. Now we will see the actual benefits that are offered under Pradhanamantri Matruvandana Yochana. Under this scheme as I mentioned that the beneficiaries receive a cash benefit of about 5000 rupees in 3 installments. Note that the eligible beneficiaries also receive cash incentive under Janani Suryaksha Yochana. Note that Janani Suryaksha Yochana is 100% centrally sponsored scheme that is it is a central sector scheme and it integrates cash assistance with delivery and post delivery care. Therefore if you combine Matruvandana Yochana and Janani Suryaksha Yochana on an average a woman gets about 6000 rupees in 3 installments. It means that the cash incentive will be transferred to the bank account of the beneficiary in 3 installments. That is 1st installment will be received when the woman register pregnancy within 150 days of pregnancy. Then 2nd installment can be climbed after 6 months of pregnancy when the beneficiary undergoes at least 1 anti-natal checkup. And then the 3rd installment can be received after childbirth registration and the completion of 1st cycle of vaccinations. Now we will see the unique feature of the program that is its implementation can be closely monitored by the central and state governments through the Pradhanamantri Matruvandana Yochana common application software. Note that this common application software is a web-based software application that enables tracking the status of each beneficiary under the scheme and this software is helping in identification of the beneficiaries and also aiming at better implementation of the scheme. Now let us look into the news article. The article says that Matruvandana Yochana which aims to support pregnant women and lactating mothers by compensating them for loss of wages during their pregnancy has been able to reach less than one third of the eligible beneficiaries. As we have discussed that the benefits can be availed by the beneficiaries only after meeting certain conditions such as early registration of pregnancy and having at least 1 anti-natal checkup and also the registration of childbirth. Now as per the article because of these requirements only about 23% of all births are covered under the scheme. And a mere 14% of all births that is about 2.7 crores in 2017 received full benefits. This data exposes the implementation levels of the Matruvandana Yochana. Now the article says that this data is also consistent with the survey conducted in about 6 states such as Chittishgarh, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Vadisha. Now we will see the reasons for such low coverage. First is that only 50% of pregnant women and 57% of nourishing women survey were eligible for the scheme because others did not meet the necessary conditions. And the next reason is about the awareness of the scheme. As per the survey only about 66% of pregnant women and 69% of nursing women knew about the scheme. About 8% of pregnant women and 23% of nursing mothers received some benefits. This shows that there is urgent need for higher awareness about the scheme. Then the another reason is that the lengthy procedure to get enrolled. The beneficiaries need to fill a long application form and they need to provide other documents such as mother child protection card and other card and also the husband's other card and the bank passbook linking with other card need to be provided at the time of application form. See here one of the significant hurdle is that having active bank account with linked other number. The other reasons that are mentioned for the low coverage of the scheme is that the requirement to produce the husband's other card as this requirement would exclude single mothers and those who may be staying at their natal homes. So these norms should be relaxed in order to take the program to more eligible beneficiaries. Therefore with respect to this news article we have discussed the details of Pradhanamantri Matruvandana Yojana and also the reasons for the low coverage of this Matruvandana Yojana. So with this we have come to the end of the discussion of this topic. The displayed practice question will be discussed at the end of this session. Now let us start our practice plumes question session. Now concept this question they have given the five pairs that is satellites with their respective type or application and you have to choose the correct pairs. First pair is that INSAT and it is mentioned as navigation satellites. Second pair says that REBATTO which is given as experimental satellite and the third pair says that CARTOSAT and which is a earth observation satellite. And fourth one is IRNSS and it is given as space science and exploration and last one says that ASTROSAT and it is given as communication satellite. Now we will see that how to deal with this question. For this question to answer that you should know about these satellites and their applications to arrive at the correct option. You know that INSAT is an acronym for Indian National Satellite System and it is one of the largest domestic communication satellite systems in Asia Pacific region and it was established in 1983 with commissioning of INSAT-1B. So INSAT indicates that it is a communication satellite but it is given as navigation satellite. So first pair is wrong. Therefore if first pair is incorrect you can eliminate options B and D. Now concept the second pair which says that REBATTO is a experimental satellite. You know that REBATTO spacecraft is named after the famous Indian astronomer. It was India's first satellite and it was completely designated and fabricated in India and it was launched by Soviet rocket in April 1975 and its type and application was experimental in nature. So this pair is correctly matched. Now look at the third pair which says that CARTOSAT is a earth observation satellite. Know that CARTOSAT and its series is an earth observation satellite of ISRO and these are the largest civilian remote sensing satellite constellation in the world and it is a thematic series of satellites which supports wide range of applications in the areas of land and water resources including cartography. Here the cartography means the signs or practice of drawing maps. So with high resolution imaging capability here maps can be drawn. Therefore third pair is correctly matched. If you know whether fourth pair is correct or incorrect you should know about IRNSS which stands for Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System. So it is a navigation satellite system but in the question it was given as space science and exploration. But in the question it was given as space science and exploration. Therefore fourth pair is incorrectly matched. Now look at ASTOSAT which is the first dedicated Indian Astronomy mission which aimed at studying celestial sources in X-ray, optical and UV spectral bands simultaneously and one of the unique features of ASTOSAT mission is that it enables the simultaneous multi-wavelength observations of various astronomical objects with a single satellite. So it is a space science and exploration satellite for research in areas like astronomy, astrophysics, planetary and earth sciences. But in the question it was given as communication satellite but ASTOSAT is a space science and exploration satellite. So for this question only pairs 2 and 3 are correctly matched. Therefore option C is correct option for this question. Now concern this question and this question is with respect to National Water Development Agency and they have given 3 statements and you have to choose the correct statements from the given quotes. First statement says that the main objective is to carry out detailed survey on the feasibility of interlinking of peninsular rivers and Himalayan rivers under the national perspective plan. And second statement says that it is a statutory body and the third statement says that it functions under the Ministry of Gel Shakti. So in this context we will see about National Water Development Agency which was set up in 1982. Second statement which says that National Water Development Agency is a statutory body. Second statement is incorrect because it is a society which was resisted under Society's Registration Act of 1860. Know that it functions under the Ministry of Gel Shakti. So third statement is correct statement. Now we will see the functions of National Water Development Agency which includes to carry out detailed survey of possible reservoir sites and also feasibility of interconnecting under peninsular rivers development and Himalayan rivers development components of the national perspective plan. And other functions includes to prepare detailed project report of river linking proposals under national perspective plan of water resources development. In addition the National Water Development Agency also carries out detailed studies about the quantum of water in various peninsular river systems and Himalayan river systems which can be transferred to other basins. So first statement which says that the main objective is to carry out detailed survey on the feasibility of interlinking of peninsular rivers and Himalayan rivers under the national perspective plan is correct statement. So for this question second statement is incorrect and first and third statements are correct statements. Therefore option B is correct option for this question. Consider this question and this question is with respect to Pradhanamantri Matruvandana Yojana and they have given the three statements and we have to choose the correct option. Statement one says that the main objective is to provide partial compensation for the wage loss in terms of cash incentive to the eligible pregnant and lactating woman. See Pradhanamantri Matruvandana Yojana aims at providing the partial compensation for the wage loss in terms of cash incentive so that the pregnant and lactating woman can take adequate rest before and after the delivery of first living child. Here the beneficiaries would receive a cash benefit of about 5000 rupees in three installments during the pregnant and post delivery period and this would result in improved health status among pregnant woman and lactating mothers. First statement is correct statement. Now look at the second statement it says that it is a centrally sponsored scheme. Know that Pradhanamantri Matruvandana Yojana is a centrally sponsored scheme and the cost sharing ratio between the center and the states and the center and union territories with the legislature is in the ratio of 60 is to 40 and in case of north eastern states and Himalayan states it will be in the ratio of 90 is to 10 but in case of union territories without legislature 100% funding is from the central government. Therefore second statement is also correct statement. Now look at the third statement it says that it is executed by the Ministry of Women and Child Development. Note that the scheme came into effect on 1st January 2017 and the Ministry of Women and Child Development is the executing Ministry of the scheme. So the third statement is also correct. Therefore for this question option C is the correct option. With this we have come to the end of today's news analysis. 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