 This paper provides an extensive review of the current state of the art of the wind farm design and optimization, WFDO, problem. It covers the various models and numerical approaches used to optimize wind farm performance, as well as their applications to real-world projects. The authors also identify areas where further research is necessary to improve the efficiency of wind farms. This article was authored by Jose F. Herbert Ocero, Oliver Probst, Pierre Elouin Rhetor, and others.