 Hello friends, myself, Mr. N. S. Kartikar, Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Walsh and Institute of Technology, Solapur. Now, today we will discuss about the isometric projection. At the end of the session, student will be able to generate the isometric projection and view. Also, the student will be able to visualize the overall part geometry. Now, as you are aware, earlier also you know that drawing, rather the sketching, is nothing but the engineer's language. Now, to represent any part drawing, geometry, sub-assembly, assembly, you need to take the help of any kind of drawing. Whenever we are talking about the type of part drawing representations, there are different methods and techniques you had learned and we are going to use in an industry. As you are aware, for particularly representation of a part drawing, for two-dimensional, there is one generalized method called as the orthographic projection, where we need to draw, we need to generate the front view, top view, side view and as per the requirement, the sectional views are also provided. Let us take the example that how the part drawing is represented over here. Now, let us consider this is the geometry of a part, this is the front view, this is x, y and let us try to understand that this is the top view itself. I will generate the right-hand side view also. Now, this is the orthographic view of a particular geometry, this is the front view, this is the top view and this is the right-hand side view. Now, with these two-dimensional three views, everyone has to understood the overall geometry of the part. Now, you can see over here what is the understanding of the geometry of the part. So, we are going to observe the part, rather the part geometry in the true shape itself. But in the orthographic view, what is the limitation? The limitation regarding each and every sub-view is likewise, if at all the geometry is parallel to the reference planes, then that particular geometry will be visualized in a true shape. Now, in a referred case, you can imagine that what is the true shape of this edge? What is the true shape of this edge? This is not visible in this view, this is not visible in this view. So, for the same, another drawing representation that is auxiliary view we are referring. What is the auxiliary view? I am looking from this particular a direction and I am going to generate that view in opposite side, which will give me the particularly view rather the true shape. This is the auxiliary plane, which we had considered. Now, why we had explained and understood the orthographic view and auxiliary view? Because these are the two dimensional views and those are not sufficient to generate the 3D visualization of any part in the viewer's or reader's mind. Now, let us see the need of isometric projection. As we have noted, need is nothing but to visualize by all means. So, the isometric projection, isometric drawing and isometric view is nothing but 2 and half D visualization drawing. Now, to visualize the part geometry by overall means, we have to enforce towards the isometric projection. Now, what exactly the isometric projection? What are the types of the same? The object which we are going to observe that has to be rotated 45 degree to the its vertical plane and it has been inclined to the viewer's direction 35 degree, 35 degree and 16 minutes and whichever the view is observing that has to be plotted and that is nothing but the isometric projection. Now, whenever we are generating the drawing and drawing the isometric sketch, it can be classified by two different means. One is isometric projection, another is isometric view or drawing. What exactly the difference between isometric projection and isometric drawing? Whenever we are going to consider the part drawing tilted 45 degree to the vertical plane and 35 degree, 15, 16 minutes to the viewer's side, then its scale has been reduced. Now, for the same, we are going to use the isometric view or the drawing as a full scale. And whenever we are going to use the isometric projection, we are going to use iso scale, isometric scale. What exactly is the isometric scale? Suppose this is a true scale, this is a true scale. So, at an 30 degrees, at the 30 degrees, the scale is called as the isoscale, scale is called as isoscale. Now, how to get that scale? We have to project this true scale to the 30 degree line and these measurements, these measurements, these measurements are nothing but the isoscale. Theoretically, we can say that true scale into 0.8 is nothing but the isoscale. So, I think you are getting it. Suppose the 100 millimeter side length is of any geometry, then it has to be considered 80 millimeter while you are drawing the isometric view and isometric projection. We are going to take full scale and in isometric projection, we are going to consider isoscale. Now, let us take one example for drawing the isometric projection. I will repeat, isometric projection means with the means of isoscale. I will draw the one small orthographic. Suppose this is the front view, this is the top view and this is the side view. Just simple block, we are going to consider, this is the front view, top view and this is the side view. Now, how to draw the particularly isometric, consider this as a base line, we are going to consider a origin, we have to take up 30 degree lines over here, 30 degree lines, 30 degree, 30 degree. Now, this side is considered as a isoplane right, isoplane left and onto the top side isoplane top one. Now, let us consider how to draw this particular thing. Now, this will be the origin. For example, this is the origin and this is the origin. Now, from origin here we will try to plot the particular front view. So, whatever is here, this is m, this is n size, this is a m and this is a p size. So, I will take this as a m, I will take this as a n, I will try to draw over here n and I will try to complete this box. For the side view, I will take the projection to this side, this side and I will try to finish up the things. For top view, I have to finish up the particular thing. Now, you can visualize here, this is the front view, this is the side view and this is the top view. Likewise, I have to plot the dimension. This is the m and this is the n and this is the p, that means this is the p, this length is p. So, likewise the isometric projection can be completed. So, 80 percent of the true scale has been converted into the isoscale and likewise, on the 30-30 degree line, all the geometries can be plotted. So, my dear friends, with this we can understood, we had understood the isometric projection. These are the references for isometric projection, machine drawing by Siddheeshwar Shastri, machine drawing by P.S. Gail. Thank you.