 All right, good afternoon, or almost good evening, everyone. I'm Ahmad Afnawi. I'm working here in the Ministry of ISD, Policy Section Head. And actually, when I was informed about this session, it was a bit challenging for me, especially having Dr. Elias before me, because the intersection between internet of things, smart cities, and many other terminologies like cyber-physical systems and so on are huge. So internet of things, actually, applications are very much relevant to smart cities applications and so on. So excuse me, if I decided before the session that this session is going to be as interactive as possible so that we can share ideas together and think loudly and share ideas, since I think Dr. Elias already made very good introduction about internet of things, which is very relevant to smart cities. So normally, before we start, we need to agree. What is smart city? So I think if we ask each other what is smart alone, we might have different understanding. And what is city as well? We can have different understanding. So any volunteer as a user or an innovator or whatever, how do you think about the smart cities? What is smart city for you? The first idea that can come to your mind, volunteer. What do you think of the city as connectivity? So connectivity. OK. Least amount of? OK. Quality of life, demand of supply. Yeah. These are actually the keywords. So let's have a look at how others think about it. So if I go to maybe MMUP, the city municipality, they'll look at it from very strategic point of view. These how to run utilities and how to operate the city and so on. So these are their priorities. These are about priorities. Their priority is the operation of the city. If you go to real estate developers and so on, they'll think about smart homes and their applications. If you'll speak to transportation people, forget all other things. It is just about transportation, traffic. These are main problem of every major city in the world now. And if you'll speak to Qatar 2022, they'll think about the World Cup, a big event. And we need a wonderful experience for fans and so on. And maybe some other people will think about everything together. But then the problem that Dr. Elias raised is interoperability. How can we have all these systems run together in a same this way or whatever? These are the different versions about smart cities. And just to share with you some of the information, I just got to know that many standardization organizations are still working on that, even like Nest, which is a standard institute in the USA. They are still working on their architecture and framework for what they call cyber-physical systems, which is almost equivalent to Internet of Things. In Europe, they just published some framework for Internet of Things, but still the work are going on. And they also developed framework for smart cities. IEEE, which is a very famous institute for engineers, electronic and electrical. They have some working group called PS2314, something like this. If you speak to the standards people, they'll show you something like this, these smart cities. Don't worry, I'll not take much, because this can take the whole night to explain. But very simple, smart cities is a framework. We have Internet of Things at the bottom. So these are information source. And then at the same time, we have another information thing that will consume this information. So Internet of Things can be considered one of the data sources, social media, Twitter, Facebook, and so on. And the city information itself is one of the data sources. After some processing here, it will go back to Internet of Things actuators. So some instruction or command will go to traffic signal or sign whatever to take certain action. And maybe the city will just disseminate message through Twitter or whatever that please don't take this road, take the other road. So these social media, how it consumes information, and also how to update the city information. So in the middle, same data analytics, decision making, knowledge base, and they test the reliability of information, and so on. So very simply, these are proposed by one of the EU standards projects. Let's look at the definition by Wikipedia. I'll just give you three, four seconds to go through it very quickly. I just captured two, three keywords here. Digital technologies, so it is about digital, to enhance performance, and to reduce costs. So it is about digital, enhancement, and efficiency. Last but not least, to engage. So these are the keywords that most of you already shared. The ITU, the International Telecommunication Union. Again, 10 seconds because it is a bit longer. So the keywords here, we have one new keyword, which is sustainability. And the ITU is stressing very much on this concept, how to respect the future generations, right, and so on. And the other keyword here, which is new from Wikipedia, which is innovation. Whatever technology we have, if we don't have the innovative application, it will not sound to the public, and so on. Again, improve quality of life, efficiency, of urban operation, and so on. The British Standards Institute. The keyword here is to leverage data. It is all about that. And here, the Labib application can be a very good example. The last one here is the Arab, which is a very famous consulting firm working on this subject. So here, the keyword, in my opinion, the different verticals, the silos, electricity, water, city operation, and so on. We need some sort of seamless exchange of information between these kind of structures in a clear, simple, and responsive way. A few months back, we hold a round table here in ICT Qatar, where we invited all stakeholders from the city of Doha. So I'm just going to share with you some ideas that our stakeholders shared with us. How they see smart cities in Qatar. So our stakeholders see smart cities development can foster new services. So there is a very good potential for smart cities in Doha. And it can create jobs. And at the same time, these will improve resource allocation, usage, innovation, entrepreneur. And this will benefit the whole economy of the country. Also, they have highlighted the need for the country vision. And this is very important. As you know, each country in the world and each city, particularly, will have their own vision. If you will speak to a Stockholm city, they'll have green principles as a priority for themselves. However, if maybe last year or two years ago before the World Cup in Brazil, if you will speak to Rio de Janeiro or whatever, they have the operation of the Olympics. And because they are hosting the Olympics as well, I think a couple of years or whatever. So the operation of the city during these kinds of mega events is a priority for them. Other cities, they'll have traffic and so on. So it is very important to decide the vision of Doha and to set some frameworks to ensure the interoperability between different sectors. These are the elements our stakeholders identify, urban planning, energy and environment, security. So they are very common and well known almost all over the world. But I'll give you like 10 seconds or whatever to look at what our stakeholders like shared with us. So this is very relevant to the city of Doha. On the other hand, they also shared some challenges or area that we need to work on. I think one of our colleagues here highlighted security. So cybersecurity is one of the top. And we had as well privacy. Open data, we already issued the policy for open data in a month. So from policy perspective, we are ready. But we are still waiting for other government entities to open up their data. Cloud computing, broadband connectivity, we already have the national broadband plan. And data management, it is still in the consultation phase. But it is almost ready. How can innovation solve city problems? I'll just share one example. And thanks to our colleague, the gentleman who already highlighted this as one of the examples, which is Eupor. What they did, believe me or not, very simple idea. There is some people who would like to be drivers or to drive through Eupor. Some other people need someone to drop them or whatever. What they did, they just connected the demand and the supply sides together through this interface using their locations and so on. So it is very simple. So the idea here about a small city, in my opinion, is the innovative idea. It is actually your role to come up with customized ideas for our city in the state of Qatar, to find out what the people need, what technology can provide, and just to link them together. I hope that you will help us to reach this as soon as possible. So I just finished by that. Thank you very much and ready for any question.