 Swarm intelligence algorithms have become increasingly popular in recent years due to their ability to solve complex optimization problems quickly and efficiently. This paper reviews several algorithms, including the Ant Colony Algorithm, ACA, Particle Swarm Optimization, PSO, Sparrow Search Algorithm, SSA, BAT Algorithm, BA, Thimble Colony Algorithm, TCA, and others. These algorithms are used in image processing tasks such as image segmentation, image matching, image classification, image feature extraction, and image edge detection. The paper also discusses the theoretical research, improvement strategies, and application research of these algorithms. Finally, the paper summarizes the representative algorithms of the Swarm Intelligence Algorithm combined with image segmentation technology and provides a unified framework for comparison. This article was offered by Minghai Su, Li Chao, Dongwan Lu, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.