 This scoping review aims to map existing research on the use of virtual reality, VR, in undergraduate medical education and identify areas for future research, finding that VR modalities such as surgical simulators, 3D models, and virtual worlds are commonly used for anatomy education, while there is limited evidence on the use of more novel VR modalities and conceptual frameworks or theories in VR design. This article was authored by Haowen Jiang, Sunita Vimelsvaren, Jeremy King-Wong, and others.