 Welcome to the 2022 legislative Hawaii energy policy foreign legislative day briefing. Thank you for joining this virtual dialogue, involving all these legislators energy policy form members and other energy stakeholders and you know there's just some plain flat energy wonks who love to come to this annual energy day briefing to deal with the unfinished business of Hawaii's energy transition. Jam packed agenda to engage all of you on Hawaii's most pressing gaps in our energy transition what further analysis coordination and policy interventions can move our energy transition and yet more advanced stages renewable penetration and efficiency. This year, our theme focuses on the 1.2 trillion infrastructure investment in jobs act, also known as the bipartisan infrastructure act, signed by President Biden on November 15 2021. We'll first set the stage for this year's briefing by touching upon the forms rebirth this year, and the leadership under the Hawaii natural energy Institute, and the director's take on some of the key gaps to be addressed, followed by a very special address that will lay out the opportunities afforded by the IJ a. I just want to point out that if you have questions, please use the Q&A function on this zoom webinar. And that will be the best way, please write those questions out clearly, and we'll be able to take on any of those if we can if we have time during the course of this. In some cases, we'll respond later in writing and make sure that we would get answers to everyone. I'd like to introduce our first speaker. He's the director of the Hawaii natural energy Institute hnei since the year 2000. From his pioneer days and then film PV design and production. And as a top researcher, then to directing hnei and its statutory role to analyze and identify cost effective pathways the Hawaii's 100% rps goals. hnei gained national and international prominence and development and demonstration of advanced grid architecture, energy storage systems renewable energy resources energy efficiency and technical and policy assistance to enable energy transitions in Hawaii and abroad. Rick, the floor is yours. Mark that was more than was needed. And at some point I do have a two slides I'm keeping it the two. So those can be brought up at any point, although I can't see most of you I want to thank everyone for your participation today. I want to dedicate hnei has been a participant in the forum since it's inception but her leadership of the forum is new. And I want to thank mark for leadership of this effort. And I want to thank all of you who took your time to give your inputs to mark to help guide this meeting. I also want to specifically mentioned Mitch you and Dallas he gave Megan who was on the call, as well as Jay and his team for their continued involvement in the forum and all they've done in the last month or so to make this meeting happen. I also want to specifically thank the legislators who have taken time from their incredibly busy schedule this time of the year to participate, especially Senator in the context of what I believe is our ability to get to 100% renewable generations. I'm not sure how large this slide is coming out but but what it shows is that hneis use the same high fidelity hourly dispatch models that have been validated against the current grid operations to try to bring insights into how far we can push the development of what I consider the two technologies that are currently expected to be most cost cost effective and that's essentially solar and wind. So using multiple years of solar data to account for the impact of the extended periods of low solar resource. We've made it how much energy we think we can reliably expect from solar or the solar wind mix, and then how much firm energy would be needed to support that variable resource. And I want to be clear, this was an examination of the ability to generate store, and then dispatch or release that energy with when needed. It didn't consider transmission it didn't consider a number of other constraints that might have an impact on the ability to deliver that energy to the customer. As shown in the title line, and I will say it's something I think Jay never thought he would hear come from my mouth. Yes, I do believe we have a viable pathway or viable pathways to get to 100% renewable. And this analysis that I'm showing is only for a Wahoo. And I've used the Wahoo as an example in the past of you know the need to do a Wahoo because it was our large energy user. But I'm also kind of comfortable saying if we can do it on a Wahoo, we're going to be to do it on the other islands as well. So what we did is with optimistic assumptions about the flexibility of the remaining firm generation on the grid. We assume the continued use of currently available battery technology. We found that with an additional build out of solar or solar plus wind, we could get approximately 70% or more of the island's energy needs from these variable resources. At around 70% curtailment increases rather sharply with the four hour storage doesn't mean you might not be to do other things to reduce that number or do other more sophisticated management of demand but this is a pretty simple analysis. So above 70% that curtailment increases and above 90% the incremental curtailment of new projects increases so sharply it effectively makes them non competitive we believe. The actual upper limit maybe somewhere between 70 and 90 is going to depend on a number of variables and a number of more sophisticated analysis that are way too numerous to include here. So these percentages do sound reasonable, but to achieve this 70% number and it's what's shown on the graph and I'm not sure how readable it is. We would need to install enough solar or enough solar plus wind to deliver another 2000 gigawatt hours per year of energy above what is expected after the currently proposed utility scale projects are installed. This corresponds to some 800 megawatts AC of additional utility scale solar, which require some 6000 acres of land and these are all relatively approximate numbers. Distributed solar can reduce this value and it shouldn't be excluded. Every 10,000 homes with rooftop solar and storage would reduce this land need by approximately 250 acres. So the conclusion from that is that there's ample room for, and we really need to maximize both these types of solar it's not in either or situation. Adding EVs to this mix increases demand, and it increases the energy needs that are required. So it means more solar and more wind if you have wind in the mix and possibly more firm power, but it doesn't significantly change the curtailment behavior and that was one of the interesting things on that graph is where we saw curtailment. No matter whether it was solar, solar plus wind with EVs or without EVs. So in the example shown we estimate that the electrification of 40% of the light duty vehicles would require an additional 900 gigawatt hours of electricity, or about another 2500 acres of land. And the purpose of that is just kind of put in perspective that the magnitude of what we are trying to address. I'll close out with a few comments about the need for firm power because that question is being asked a lot lately. With the highest penetrations of variable renewable resources that we estimated here, and assuming the firm power left on the grid is very flexible. We estimate a lower bound of about 650 megawatts or so a firm capacity will still be needed on the grid. The capacity number seems relatively high. The good news is that with each increment of intermittent variable that goes on to the grid. The need for that generation goes down so we have to have the capacity on to ensure reliability and to provide power for those short periods of time when we need it, but the use of that goes down. So some of the 600 plus megawatts of firm generation may only be needed a few hours a year. We will need very careful planning and the selection of conventional generation and which ones will be retired. And it will open the door for use of other technologies, possibly including other long term storage DR or hydrogen to help meet these firm power needs and we haven't gone in and address that in a specific way. So it says I was going to keep my comments short so now that I kind of went on my little tangent there about what our requirements are I'm going to do that. So, even with the limitation of using only technology so we know are available today, we can from a technical perspective reach or get very close to 100% of a renewable energy needs. Doing this in a cost effective equitable manner, and in a way that is acceptable to the community is going to take an amounts immense amount of work. HECO has their IGP process and is expanding their efforts with the community. The state energy office has stepped up in a big way to take a more active role in engaging the community in these decisions. Resilience is being considered but more needs to be done. Energy efficiency must be maximized to reduce the amount of energy and the amount of land that we need. My hope is that this forum under HNEI will foster an open and participatory dialogue on the many challenges that remain in Hawaii's energy transition. We welcome my diversity of viewpoints and opinions from anyone who wishes to participate. And with that, I want to thank you for the opportunity to talk and provide these comments, and I hope you find your today as well time today is well spent. Thank you. Thank you, Rick. Thanks for setting the stage so well, and really pinpointing the issues that need to be dealt with as we move forward. So, with that I'm deeply honored to introduce our featured speaker, Rose Stevens Booker, to help demystify as much as possible. At this time, the IJ and laying out the broad opportunities for Hawaii and the nation. Rose is the regional intergovernmental and external affairs specialist for the West. Office of Congressional and inner get inner governmental affairs at the US Department of Energy. An extremely important role that aligns the agenda of the Biden administration and the Secretary of Energy directly with what's going on at the subnational level. And we know that's extremely important for the Biden administration to ensure that the issues that are being developed at the policy level nationally are really carried out at the niche level, where all the action takes place. And it brings to the Department of Energy, her knowledge and experience and public private partnerships at EPA and energy efficiency with her groundbreaking work at block power and crafting effective partnership strategies to deliver clean energy technology solutions to some of the most vulnerable and underserved communities across America. Now we won't have time to have direct questions for Rose but again please write any questions that you have and include them in the, in the q amp a portion of the zoom link. And Rose has told us that she'll do her best to get answers back to us in short order. Now please welcome Rose Stevens Booker to our Hawaii Energy Policy Forum legislative brief. Thank you, thank you, thank you. Thank you for having me here today. And thank you Mark and all the organizers for developing this event. I tell you folks the green one, the green room was a highlight of humor for my entire week and I'm going to carry this smile to 5pm. All this to say this event is truly a one of a kind experience and I'm just so honored. I'm really excited to have the opportunity to be here and to speak a little about the bipartisan infrastructure deal, and the investments Congress has charged the US Department of Energy with delivering by directly partnering with states and local governments to deliver for the American people. President Biden's climate strategy puts the US on a path to achieve a carbon free power sector by 2035 and a decarbonized economy by no later than 2050. This administration is backing its strategy with action. The infrastructure investment in Jobs Act, Asia is the biggest climate investment in the history of our nation, half a trillion dollars. It will get our country on track to meet the Biden administration goal of reducing carbon emissions by 50 to 52% by 2030. And it is not lost on us that Hawaii is the first state to set Paris aligned goals. And just a year ago, the state legislature passed a groundbreaking resolution, declaring a climate emergency that mobilize state action, of which today's meeting is a great example of collaboration in Hawaii. Next slide. Very quickly, and to help shape a picture of who I am and where I set. I'm a regional specialist and in this role I sit in the Intergovernmental and External Affairs Office within the Office of Congressional and Intergovernmental Affairs. The idea of the regional specialist is somewhat new to the US Department of Energy and it was an idea directly from Secretary Grant Holm, who really wanted to provide states, cities, community schools, CBOs, and others with a direct connection to the department and vice versa. We are your figurative and literal boots on the ground. Next slide. We're here to collaborate to convene and to connect. We're broken into 10 different regions and I'm honored to be your regional specialists covering Hawaii, California, Oregon, Washington and Idaho. So please don't hesitate to reach out with questions concerns or for a simple hello. You can reach me and the team at DL regional specialists at hq.doe.gov. Next slide. So for everyone at DOE the magnitude of this historic investment, a whopping 62 billion from DOE represents the largest single change in our agency since the founding in 1977. We are launching 60 new DOE programs, including 16 demonstration and 32 deployment programs with expanded funding for 12 existing research deployment demonstration and deployment programs. We believe that DOE is a big vast agency and it can be hard to navigate so please again, don't hesitate to use me as your go to resource to help you steer. As you've heard the Secretary say, we view DOE as America Solutions Department. We are shifting from a focus on place neutral technology to being a place and people based solutions agency. We're partnering with each of you to understand the specific challenges and opportunities in each of your communities and it means engaging local stakeholders and active participants in program development and implementation. Because this infrastructure deal is going to help DOE play an even more effective solutions role by sending at least 2.8 billion to Hawaii and its residents to invest in clean energy electric cars and public transit ensuring the state's infrastructure is more resilient to climate change, generating jobs up and down the supply chain and economic growth. The investments will support Governor EJ's goals for decarbonization, and it is not lost on us when he recently said net zero is not enough doubling down on challenging transition technologies such as marine and aviation, and we are working to do our part. Next slide. In addition to those investments the deal will help low income families who currently pay as much as 30% of their income on energy costs, save money and ensure their homes are properly insulated and utilize energy efficiency technologies like the heat pump, which is a misnomer as it's always been an efficient cooling solution. In particular the bill adds 3.5 billion to DOE's low income weatherization program, which will more than double the impact of the current program. The deal will also help improve the air of our kids and teachers, the air that our kids and teachers breathe, thanks to 500 million in funding for more efficient and renewable powered school buildings. Additionally, this law helps DOE increase clean energy and energy efficiency nationwide with a bill with over a billion and grants to support clean energy programs and projects and communities, states, territories and tribal nations. They undertake this by way of the 550 million allotted dollars for the energy efficiency and conservation block grant program, and 500 million invested through the state energy program. You know, I'll take a moment to stress the importance of energy of state energy offices, excuse me, and how they direct planning and implementation of clean energy investments and conserve as the conduits for connecting local governments to resources and technical investments. DOE is committed to supporting state energy offices through programs like EERES state energy program or SCP. State energy offices use congressionally appointed appropriated SCP formula funding to support state led initiatives that promote efficiency, resilience and clean energy in their states. Many state energy offices have also leveraged SCP's competitive awards in recent years to pursue innovative energy projects. Hawaii is a benchmark in this area as an SCP recipient of the competitive funding and use the funds to kickstart the state's work on 3D energy visualization. The first generation, the SCP, NREL, the Hawaii State Energy Office and the University of Hawaii at Manoa developed the Hawaii Advanced Visualization Environment Nexus or HAVEN. It is being used by multiple stakeholders to explore the trade-offs as the state leads the transformation to more affordable sources of energy. HAVEN visually displays options and fosters and fosters engaged community discussion around complex trade-offs and achieving Hawaii's renewable energy goals. We are likely to follow Hawaii's lead and use HAVEN, but the leaders are right here. And we'll kick those slides back up. A secure and resilient power grid is more than just keeping the lights on. It's vital to preserving our nation's security and economic prosperity and the livelihoods of all Americans. The infrastructure law transforms DOE into a partner for states, communities, tribes and utilities through grants to enhance the resilience of the electric infrastructure by establishing a transmission facilitation program for DOE. This program is aimed to help develop nationally-specific, significant transmission lines and expand the smart grid investment matching grant program, which invests funds for good flexibility to complement the state's PUC's leadership and performance-based regulation. Next slide. One of the most exciting elements of the bipartisan infrastructure law is the serious investment in major demonstration projects. These are for clean energy technologies that have been proven in the lab and in the pilot phase but need to be proven at scale. That's why the department will work with industrial partners to essentially split the technology and market risk by sharing the cost of building the first examples of these new technologies. Once they are proven, the market will be able to accurately account for these costs and performance when they replicate the technology. As an example, we've got 8 billion for clean hydrogen. We've been talking about hydrogen economy, but how would that work? Hydrogen and hydrogen blending may be an opportunity for Hawaii as the state's transitions its energy system to support a net negative carbon economy by 2045. And finally, demonstrations for the clean energy projects in particular areas such as rural, frontline, economically hard hit communities. These are places that have heard that the clean energy revolution has an opportunity to change them. And once we demonstrate how that can actually work, it can be replicated in light communities across the country. To reach our net zero goal, we have to replicate these huge projects, dozens and hundreds of times across the country. But one has to build that first one to show that it can be done. And that's why these demos are essential. They're an essential element to getting to that net zero by 2050 goal. Next slide. Great. Do we in Hawaii established a unique partnership for clean energy cooperation that together established a framework for leadership admired worldwide. We look forward to building on this legacy and never has such a collaboration and a cooperation or Loa Lima, many hands working together continued unabated. There are so many top opportunities for Loa Lima. And so that next obvious question would be, where can I find that information and when is it coming. This is a once in a generation legislative effort to rebuild the country's infrastructure. Like stimulus bills in the past, the bipartisan infrastructure law is a long term spending solution on competitiveness. The majority of the programs and the bill operate over five to 10 time horizon to provide states cities and localities. This is the sustained support that they need to deliver that transformative projects for their communities. There will be some funding that is formula and will be able to move more quickly. And there will be other funding that will be that will be needed to be competitively awarded. Because we want to ensure that this money goes out the door to the best with the best chance of achieving the goals that are set out. These programs are going to operate on different timelines. And as DOE offices prepare to deliver new programs and existing programs at an unprecedented scale, more direct and ongoing engagement with state and local community partners will need to take place for local communities. One resource to mention is the White House fact sheet for local communities at White House dot gov. Outlining key resources for local communities and we hear there's a version focused on states coming soon. Also, I'd like to invite folks to join DOE's first outreach session to states, which will take place on February 2. I know some of you at the state level are planning to attend and we sincerely appreciate it. The state listening sessions aim to get input from state leaders to ensure that we understand your needs for bill funding. Your feedback will be essential for our joint success. It will be followed shortly by a local government session on February 9. So please follow up with me with questions and concerns and thoughts. Come say hi. And once again, thank you so much for your time today and I'll pass it back over to Mark. Thank you Rose. Really, we really appreciate and can't thank you enough. And of course, thank Secretary Granholm for the wonderful work that DOE has been doing. You know, particularly since, you know, we've always talked about DOE being sort of our ace in the hole, you know, with with support throughout the years. And particularly, you know, was intrigued with the, you know, over billion dollars between the state energy program and the energy efficiency conservation block grant program. Hopefully we'll be able to flow a significant amount of money here. I know that during the American Recovering Reinvestment Act, we were able to get over $33 million of those two pots of funds to support some of our most important activities of that day. So that really sets up our next speaker extremely well because he's the one that's going to be dealing with the state energy program funding, and most likely the energy efficiency and conservation block grant funding, as well as some other important portions that come from the Department of Transportation. And that's Scott Glenn, the Chief Energy Officer of the Hawaii State Energy Office. And we'll hear what he currently has in mind for the state energy program funding and these other sources. And how he plans on taking the responsibility of moving out these to projects, we can expect these efforts to be consistent with the Energy Office's mission to promote energy efficiency, renewable energy, and clean transportation to help achieve a resilient, clean energy, a carbonized economy. Scott, we welcome you to the Energy Policy Forum to provide the view from the executive branch on the ISA priorities, procurement, and deployment strategies. The floor is yours. Thank you, Mark. And thank you, Rick, and Hawaii Natural Energy Institute for sponsoring us today and helping to provide a home for the Hawaii Energy Policy Forum. We're very excited about this new arrangement and working with you all. And also I'd like to thank Rose. I think she had to leave, but I'm very excited and encouraged by what she had to share. And I think it's going to be very difficult for DOE to spend $1.5 billion among the other 49 states after they send $20 billion to us. So, very excited to try to try to win as much competitive money as we can. Also, I thought one of the most encouraging things that she said was that Department of Energy is seeing itself as the solutions department. Which I think aligns with the perspective that Hawaii has, especially in our zero emissions clean economy target. Which is aimed for Hawaii to achieve a negative emissions target, which is to sequester more than we met as quickly as practicable. No later than 2045. And that phrase as quickly as practicable. I think it's pretty interesting from the perspective of a solutions department at DOE. The other phrase she used that I thought really struck true with me was this DOE moving from the perspective of being a place neutral technology department to place and people based. And I think that's a lesson that here in Hawaii, we've come to very much appreciate across the economy as we look at trying to transform ourselves and make sure that the solutions and projects and things that are being built are in tune with the people who live around them and are welcome and embraced by people. So, I very much embraced the, in turn, the DOE perspective of going place and people based can emphasize that enough at how important that will be in this energy transformation we're going through. I do have some slides to share. So I'm going to share screen. So, first, we'd just like to point out the state's current greenhouse gas emissions inventory, which the latest data from the Department of Health is for 2017. And just want to emphasize in this slide how much of our emissions are related to energy also fuel use. You can see the dark blue and the bar chart and the pie chart. So about 86% of all emissions in the state are tied to energy use one way or another. Within that we have you can break it up into a couple buckets. And so on the left hand side, you're looking at that total picture of energy on the left hand side. You see stationary combustion, which is another way of basically single electricity for most purposes. And then on the right hand side, you see transportation on the right hand chart, the pie chart on the right hand side. And then you see a breakout of the transportation emissions by their induce so aviation ground transportation. And then marine ships boats vessels so you can see in this chart that because of the renewable portfolio standard and the really aggressive legislation and activities that have gone on for the past 10 years or more in Hawaii. And so pull the emissions from stationary combustion from electricity down, but during this time transportation emissions have continued to grow. And so today we find ourselves where transportation emissions are slightly more than half of our energy emissions, which means they're also a big chunk of our total emissions. And also common across the country as other states have been following Hawaii's lead on adopting renewable portfolio standard and aggressively reducing electricity emissions. Where our electricity comes from where our transportation comes from a big chunk of it is oil. You know on our renewable portfolio standard we're at 36% right now for renewable energy for electricity which means about 64% of that is still coming from fossil fuel. So much of that is oil. And if you look on this chart in the top left hand corner you can see where our oil comes from. And if you see that big dark gray, dark blue area at the top that's Russia, Russia provides about 35% of oil in Hawaii that varies by year but that's the 2020 percentage. So, if you think about our energy security energy assurance needs. And if you're watching the headlines about what's happening in the Ukraine right now. And then why what happens in Ukraine is relevant to Hawaii and our energy security for the oil that does come to Hawaii. We refine it here and we break it up into multiple uses about a quarter of it goes to electric power. And then most of it then goes to transportation needs with about a third of the barrel going to provide jet fuel. We also use it for gasoline diesel and other needs as well. We use a barrel of oil and we can map it onto the total energy system of Hawaii. Which is what this is a chart of and so it looks a little busy it's a little technical it's called a sinky diagram. And it shows our our whole energy system on the left hand side, you can see the the sources of energy solar hydro when geothermal natural gas coal bioenergy and petroleum. The lines connecting them to how they're used with that orange box at the top for electricity. And then the right hand side are the pink boxes that show the sectors that use those resources. And then on the far right hand side, you see two, two gray boxes one is energy use so that's the actual turning the light on, or, you know, igniting the engine in your car and driving. And that light gray box is wasted energy. That's heat. That's climate change. That's all the things that are pollution tied to our energy use. And most specifically our fossil fuel use. So we can map this barrel of oil over this petroleum and see how much it breaks up by electricity marine transportation ground transportation and jet fuel. So this gives you a sense of really the big picture of our energy system and as the Hawaii state energy office. Our job is not to only look at electricity. Our job is to look at all energy to provide a resilient clean energy economy. So when we talk about the different focuses that the state has. When we talk about our renewable portfolio standard, some of the analyses that Rick kicked off this presentation with. What's these bars up here. That's the fossil energy that goes to make electricity that's coal and oil that we're looking to replace with solar hydro wind geothermal biomass biofuel. Other renewable sources that might be available. We also have an energy efficiency portfolio standard for the state where we look to try to reduce waste and try to be more efficient with the energy we used and much of that is focused on this side of the chart. And then more recently in Hawaii, such as last year, we passed some groundbreaking national leading legislation on electric cars and vehicles. And so that's tackling down here. This is the fossil transportation side of the picture. And so there's opportunities throughout the infrastructure act to tackle all of these chunks of our total energy picture. And with the help of the National Association of State Energy offices, as well as other national organizations, we're reviewing all of the competitive funding opportunities that might be available. For the state to pursue to go after these different gaps that people identify and I put on this chart here, some of the highlights rose touched on some of these, these are all competitive grants that we will be competing as the state of Hawaii. As local governments in Hawaii as businesses in Hawaii with people across the country. And so, if we'd like to bring more of the money that's available in the infrastructure act to Hawaii, we need to be strategic. We need to have strong partnerships and strong proposals. And we're also going to need local matches. The Department of Energy rarely does a competitive grant where they will fully fund the entire effort. Usually they look for 25 to 50% of a local match. So if we want to go for a $4 million grant from the Department of Energy for any one of these buckets, we might need up to $2 million of local dollars to be able to provide. What kind of dollars count. In some cases, it's appropriations. It's something that the legislature has already appropriated to fund using our local revenue sources to pay for. In which case we can say that's the local match. The state has already committed this much to work on this effort. And we'd like DOE's assistance through this competitive grant opportunity. In other cases, it's, it's revenue that we need to put up such as through barrel tax dollars to pay for the work. And then we're reimbursed by DOE after the fact. And so we have to have the money up front. But at the end of the day, it's zero for us or there's also labor in kind matches and other kinds of contributions. And so as we digest the infrastructure act and we work with the legislature, we work with the White Energy Policy Forum and our various energy stakeholders. We want to be able to provide a consistent strong coordinated collaborative application and any competitive grant to the DOE for a way to bring money to the state. So I'll stop there and just want to say again, thank you, Mark and Rick for organizing this and providing the opportunity to talk about this today. Thank you so much, Scott. I really appreciate the clear view on what's next to the state energy program and the other funding categories, especially like your nice graph on the 10 competitive grant funding categories that you listed out. And that very clear explanation about the some of the challenges, particularly matching issues. All those are things that we're going to need to keep in mind as we move forward. We get to move into the exciting sessions where we get to dig deeper on these urgent infrastructure needs and priorities, followed by a robust discussion with all the panelists and our discussants on from the legislature on what are the essential, essential investments that need to be made and what the energy policy form can do to track the funding opportunities and inform and foster meaningful collaborations. Because as Scott had mentioned it's really going to take a very important and concentrated effort to be able to compete nationally for these funds. Our first panel probe wise needs for grid improvements, energy efficiency measures and energy demonstration projects to address critical infrastructure gaps will follow up that discussion with a candid assessment of resiliency needs and preparation for an increasing probability of extreme weather events and natural conditions that approach our islands each coming year. In the essence of time, I'll briefly provide an introduction the speakers in session one a before convening the first panel, and then I'll do the same for one be before their panel. So our first presenter in panel one B is will be Dean Nishima, the executive director of the state of Hawaii Department of Consumer and consumer commerce and consumer affairs. As the state's consumer advocate, Dean and his staff represent regulated utility and transportation consumers before regulatory agencies, such as the public utilities Commission, Dean and his team are skilled understanding the diversity of consumer interests and services. Next is Brian Kahaloa, the executive director of Hawaii energy, who leads the state's administration of the public benefits fee on Hawaiian electric customers. He's been very effective at broadening the approach of reducing energy demand through innovative efficiency strategies, and we'll hear about his leadership on one of the most important electricity generation infrastructure issues facing the public today, among other innovations. Following Brian is Colton Chang, Senior Vice President of planning and technology for Hawaiian electric company. He has the great distinction of being responsible for nothing less than planning for he goes 100% renewable energy grid of the future, and procuring the cost effective reliable and resilient renewable generation, as well as is the technology that underlies he goes investments for transmission and distribution, and then rounding out the panel one a is Jason Moga, General Manager of Hawaii fueling facilities Corporation. While working largely behind the scenes Jason leads a consortium of 19 airlines that own and operate jet fuel storage facilities throughout Hawaii, including the facilities at Honolulu Kahalui, Lahui, Kona and Hilo. Dean, the floor is yours. Good morning, everyone. You know, first off, I'd like to give my appreciation to Mark and his team for organizing all of this, as well as, you know, Rick and his team for kind of taking in HPF and providing the form through which we can have these discussions. If you can bring up the slide, the division of consumer advocacy is, as mentioned, part of the Department of Commerce and Consumer Affairs. I'm interested in the interest of all consumers of regulated utilities and transportation services. I'm not sure if the slides are advancing but that if we can actually advance to the next slide already as well. So just a brief introduction into the industries that are regulated by the public utilities commission includes energy telecommunications, waste water and transportation companies. Next slide, but we're here today to talk about, you know, energy issues and I was asked to speak to energy equity. Energy equity is not a new issue, you know, we've been bringing up for years and a number of other restrictions have also been addressing energy equity issues. In general, you know, the question is, as we continue to progress with our transition to clean energy, is everybody being brought along or are we making the gap between the haves and the have nots greater. And you know that that's something that you know we've been trying to raise before the commission as well as other forums in terms of, you know, what can we do to make sure that we don't leave people behind. I think it's important to point out that equity issues relate to different aspects of, you know, the provision of service to customers is it's not just bills. As Rose was mentioning earlier, you know, the for low income or vulnerable homes, you know, the energy bill can represent up to 30 to 40% of you know, a low income household income. And that's, that's where it's really important to make sure that the choices we're making isn't making the situation worse for those customers where you know they have to make decisions about whether or not they're going to spend money to pay their utility bills and have electricity, or buy food or you know to buy necessities so you know one thing I think it's important to point out you know electric utility rates are regressive in the sense that the bills for the lower income customers can be, you know, quite burdensome. And you know we need to try to figure out ways to reduce that burden for customers. And you know, I think the other thing that really needs to be point pointed out is as we continue with these transitions. You know, the customers are changing the their loads are changing what what what they can do to manage their their loads are changing and so from that perspective, the low income customers don't always have the same opportunities in terms of being able to manage their use and and that's where you know they're the burden of the energy bill can become greater. I think it's important to point out that you know over over the number of years that equity issues have been considered. There have been things to try to address some of those, those those gap issues, such as reserving portions of programs for low income customers. But I feel obligated to point out that you know just simply carving out a percentage of a program for low income customers isn't usually a great solution because where these programs require, say money upfront from these low income customers, and then get a rebate later they may not have the money upfront to participate in energy efficiency programs or in distributed energy resource programs. We need to think about other solutions in terms of making sure we're closing that gap, so we don't need these on these people behind. And, you know, besides the bill impact, I think it's also important to realize that you know these, these projects and other things that we're doing can have environmental equity issues as well. For instance, you know, I think we're all familiar with respect to you know what happened in Kahuku with respect to the wind, wind projects, and affecting the community where you know they were saying basically, you know, we had enough we're okay with the first one but not the second one. And so you know if we need to be mindful of how these projects whether their environment, excuse me renewable energy projects, or even traditional projects can impact those communities. Along with the you know environmental or geographical equity issues, you know, we need to ask ourselves, are the communities the vulnerable communities that are rural. Do they have the same type of service as it relates to resiliency and reliability if one distribution line goes down, you know how quick can can the company get out there and fix it for them or if there's a catastrophe. That take to get the service back up to those remote community so these are some of the equity issues that I just kind of wanted to tee up and next slide please. I'd like to point out, you know, it's not as if we haven't been doing things you know there, we are building support for more programs to serve those vulnerable customers. You know, to Brian's, you know, credit and as well as the commission who's kind of directed Brian and Hawaii energy program to pay more attention to direct more funds to actually address you know vulnerable customer needs. You know we've been doing different things in Hawaii and similarly in other states you know they're also starting to look at these issues as well. There are a lot of changes as it relates to energy efficiency and distributed energy resource programs. Some of the other states have actually adopted laws requiring the public utility commissions in those jurisdictions to specifically consider equity and inclusion issues. Next slide please. And as was discussed by by mark and some of the earlier speakers, I think you know with with this new bill and the potential for more funds. There are a lot of opportunities out there, but I'm just wanted to discuss two possible projects or potential use for those funds that could address equity issues so you know the first relates to what what some people kind of think about in terms of renew renewable energy zones where if we can you know get some funding to help facilitate a community outreach program where we go out to the community and better understand you know what their needs and what their acceptance levels might be of energy projects in their area. We can vet those things up front to see you know what the response might be rather than the way we're doing it now which is you know we have developers kind of find sites that they think might work. And then later on, when the community finds out about these approved power purchase agreements, we sometimes have pushback which leads to a delay in those projects where we have to have contested case hearings and court proceedings as it relates to whether or not those projects can you know the idea is if we can use some of the available funding to expand and improve on the customer outreach that we have with those communities. And then if there's an approved using air quotes approved area that the community is accepting for, we can build infrastructure to facilitate the construction of projects out there which could improve the the timeliness community acceptance as well as a number of factors as it relates to these renewable energy projects so this is you know just one potential idea as it relates to what we can do to address energy equity issues as it relates to communities that feel like they don't have a voice when these projects are being selected. Next slide. The other suggestion, you know that I have and again, you know, these are just two suggestions but clearly there are many solutions that are out there. And I think you know it's important I think you know mark was kind of alluding to this as well as Tom Scott. It's important that we start to you know have these conversations and bring more voices to the table and work collaboratively so that we we as a state can work together to find opportunities to apply for these funding opportunities. I think you know one of the funding opportunities relates to grid modernization and that's what you know this slide is speaking to, in the sense that in order to better address some of the low income and vulnerable customer needs. I think it's, it's where we need to get better data and information from those customers as it relates to what those needs are. I think one of the potential and I don't want to say it's a failing but you know one of the earlier programs. I think we have carve outs for them, but we're not really trying to understand what their needs are, and by improving the grid, and you know, modernizing the grid, we can collect more information to better inform our decisions as it relates to changing rate design and how to design energy programs to meet those needs, but I think you know if you're obligated to point out one of the things we really need to do is really start to build more. Again, in establishing those outreach, building trust and confidence with those communities because you know it's a constant refrain from you know the communities as it relates you know we've been left out we haven't had a voice in the table. And you know when we come up with a program and we say well but here look you can participate in these programs, but then you know the response is well that doesn't help us any so you know I think it's important again for us to look for opportunities to improve on that outreach. And in modernizing the grid, we can do it in a way that helps to improve on the reliability and resiliency for the vulnerable communities, as well as helping them to to manage their energy burden. I think with that you know again I think again many many more opportunities these are two that I think you know two quick hits that I think everybody agrees on so if you know we can work together to help see if we can get some of that funding to really jump start these things. It'll be really important. And then I think the next slide is maybe my, my Mahalo slide so you know with that again I want to thank Mark and Rick for the opportunity to speak on these issues and hopefully you know we will start to pay more attention to these equity issues in a manner that includes these communities rather than just kind of talking about them and creating these carve outs so again thank you very much. Thank you Dean, especially for taking leadership on such an important subject that, you know, as you pointed out that has not been completely overlooked that perhaps it hasn't been received as much attention as it should throughout the years we can dig into your several recommendations in the dialogue section section. We'll move on now quickly to Brian Kahloa. Hello Mark, my Mahalo to Hawaii Energy Policy Forum obviously for hosting this and putting together this discussion which I think is extremely valuable to discuss. What we're going to be talking about today is how energy efficiency can really help drive some of the future retirements of fossil fuel generators because as Scott Glenn didn't say today, but he'll often talk about from a standpoint of what we need to do as a state is we're going to be retiring units every couple of years. So, if we can go to the next slide here. You know rose provided and so did Scott provide a really great overview of the funding that's being provided through the infrastructure act so I'm not going to over emphasize maybe some of the things that we talked about but I do want to highlight a couple of areas that we're very excited about rose spoke a little bit about the conservation assistance program and that funding is already starting to come down to states and why that's important is to the point that Dean was just making is that our low and moderate income customers are facing much higher energy burdens than than other customers and so making sure that this funding is becoming available quickly for them to be able to pay their bills and be more fiscally resilient is super important. Along those lines, we do see that across the rest of this funding area that that it can help with the current situation we're facing with the AES retirement the coal plant. You know Rick talked about the importance of energy efficiency in our 100% renewable. March but you know, especially on a while where we are land constrained, and there may be better uses for that land we have to start funding more investments in efficiency and that's why we're so excited about this infrastructure act because it's much needed and much overdue because it is the cheapest and easiest path for us to get there. One of the things that I also wanted to highlight on this is that you know we are excited as well about the energy efficiency revolving loan grant program we feel like that can spur and help some of the challenges that being just pointed out about that first cost for energy efficiency so how do we leverage this funding along with gems and be able to drive more of those opportunities for low income customers. Next slide please. As we heard earlier competitive grants are a big piece of the formula and I think there's been already a trend and discussion about how we need to collaborate and work together on that. Speak to that a little bit more than a bit but as highlighted by Rose one of the biggest opportunities that we saw for energy efficiency is this grant, excuse me yes competitive grant for public school facilities over $500 million is available as well as this energy efficiency materials pilot program which targets nonprofit customers. We've run a similar program over the past two years energy relief grant and power grant, and this specifically targeted small businesses and nonprofits. So we see this pairing nicely with our existing programs because as Scott mentioned, one of the key criteria for this is going to be what matching funds are available. And so we see this as a really exciting opportunity to maybe eliminate the entire cost for nonprofits to drive energy efficiency. Next slide please. So pairing nicely with the schools program and the nonprofits program is the energy auditor training grant program $40 million potentially available. This is to create certified energy auditors and as we look at developing our clean energy workforce. And we're going to need to have audits done of these schools and of the nonprofits, having a really a flow for people to see that there's opportunities to take this training to get certification to spend the time investment and have work on the other side is really the exciting part of what we're doing here on this funding. Additionally, you know the work and the funding around energy codes, I think we often overlooked that they provide significant energy savings when buildings are constructed. Not only do they reduce the, well they especially reduce the costs of for Hawaii's families that are struggling with the higher costs of living with, you know, energy burden of 30%. Make sure that these buildings aren't being built to the lowest standard but we're actually raising it to a much higher standard that will create more in less costs and you know obviously more disposable income for our low and modern income families but often hear a lot of misinformation when codes are being worked on and trying to be passed but I'm here to tell you today that one of the greatest opportunities that we have is to show up our new construction and moving that bar and driving the long term for our residents down so that they can stay here. Next slide please. So transitioning a little bit from the federal funding and moving into some of the programs of Hawaii energy is doing specifically to address some of the ongoing need to reduce immediately KW and KWH. We've launched our power move program, and this was stood up really in response to the PUC's request to reduce demand in the five to nine period. Next slide please. So our power move program is a limited time program which is made up of two key pieces. The first is the demand savings bonus which provides $400 in rebate for KW that's reduced in the five to nine period. So by way of comparison our typical rebate is $125. We see growing opportunity in bi-level lighting, other lighting controls, smarter building management systems, refrigeration controls, just to name a few, but these measures are much more costly. They're not the low hanging fruit and coupled with the challenging business environment that we're in, many of these investments are being deferred and so we need greater incentives and funding to accelerate business investment into energy efficiency and get these upgrades done now so it can help address the situation and we're hoping that power move is one component of being able to do that. Next slide please. The second piece is our commercial battery storage program which will obviously target commercial storage facilities. Based on extensive engagement with customers and industry we see that there are opportunities beyond HECO's battery bonus program. We have been working with HECO to ensure that our program meets overall objectives and not be a duplicative rebate but the idea is really to be able to stack energy efficiency and load shifting to maximize peak load reduction through 2023 and beyond. Next slide please. I just wanted to wrap up here, a couple of things. I just wanted to show I think oftentimes, you know, Scott had a good slide of just, you know, energy waste in general and what's going into some of that energy waste. This shows, you know, over the past five years that there's been significant energy waste that we've been able to reclaim a little bit. So if we can accelerate these efforts and increase investment into this, that we are going to be able to help with the offsetting not only again of the AES plan of a future plans when we look over the course of a given year we averaged 19 to 26 megawatt reduction in just from energy efficiency so we're excited about the IJA and being able to really accelerate those efforts. Next slide please. So to wrap up, I don't want to be the dead horse but I think it's really important to talk about that we need to work together on this and by that is not work against each other. I think there is going to be a lot of funding available and a lot of interests that are going to be coming to table to pursue this funding. We're, I think, excited about the opportunity to work with the Energy Policy Forum to see this as being an area to obviously collaborate and bring innovative solutions to the table. In conjunction with the State Energy Office and the coordination that they're doing, I think is really important. Secondly, you know, Rose touched on this a little bit and we were already seeing it for some of the transportation programs but RFIs are coming out. There are opportunities to inform with the program design and the requirements so making sure that we're bringing our ideas to the table to have things structured in a way that's most favorable for Hawaii being able to leverage this funding. And then lastly, I just wanted to touch on the importance of that matching funding Scott touched on that already today, but if we can leverage existing programs and bring some of those matching funding to the table, it highly increases our chances to be able to receive these competitive grants. So thank you again for the opportunity today and look forward to continue discussion. Thanks so much, Brian. Yeah, really great points and again we'll elaborate a little bit. We can dig deeper on these as we get into a lot of excellent jobs. Now we move directly into Colton Ching's discussion. Colton. Thank you, Mark. Good morning everyone. If we can bring up my slide, I'll cover just one slide for my piece. And kind of want to take the discussion back a little bit to the broader opportunity that at least we see for the IJA. You know, Rose and Scott and my fellow panelists have already given I think a pretty good background and how the opportunity works. I wanted to talk about what Hawaii Electric has already been doing and what we've already been learning about the federal funding opportunity and kind of give a comprehensive view of how we see it. So, first of all, you know, this, this is something that began for us even before the bipartisan infrastructure actor IJA was finalized. And we knew in general what was coming and we so began working on identifying what those opportunities could be to apply federal funds to both our current work that we're doing here in Hawaii, as well as potential future work that we've been thinking about and planning for as well, to focus on things that were very well aligned with the intent and objective of, of IJA, which is around making Hawaii more renewable, making it more reliable, making more resilient, as well as making the state more economically and society, more societally sustainable. They lined up really, really well right and so we began conversations, both internally within our organization and externally with the state and many other partners to better understand how others are thinking about this to better identify additional opportunities and ways to, to take advantage of this sort of a once in a generation of federal funding opportunity. Immediately, you know, just right off of the boat, right out of the gates. We saw a lot of common outcomes and objectives between IJA and what Hawaii as a state we already had established for ourselves, right as our goals and our needs and and Dean and Brian I think gave a couple of good examples of things that we've already are doing or things that are already underway, that we saw a great opportunity to apply federal funding for. But as Rose and as Scott and as I think Mark mentioned as well. This federal process is competitive. Right, it's not one where we put our hand out and says we're Hawaii. It's a very good use of the money. Right now we're sending the $20 million that that's got made reference to. It's a very competitive process. And part of getting ready is really about making sure that as a state. We can put ourselves in the most competitive position to get as much of the funding that we can, because I think as we all kind of understand what IJ is looking to do we see and hear Hawaii ideas Hawaii objectives throughout it. Right. So, how do we make ourselves competitive in this process was one of the things we identified early as something we need to solve for. Okay, so on the further down the left side of my slide, you know what are the things we've learned along the way since we started on this last year. First of all, you know as the title says, you know we've been identifying opportunities for both our traditional or sector roles and energy. But we also saw a lot of opportunities where Hawaii electric has, I think an important collaborative role across government across other organizations as well. So you see a list here on the left with some of the specific drivers and factors that we've identified right where we can put ourselves in a good place to either be a sort of the lead in taking advantage of the funding or to be a very important supporter or collaborative partner with with others. And our climate change action plan I think is a good example of what we're doing to both mitigate and adapt to climate change, very much aligned for the state. I think the early and sort of nationally, maybe globally leading policy around a setting 100% renewable portfolio standards are island state isolation that we kind of take for granted is sort of known or sort of the life that we live is, I think an opportunity to demonstrate how important it is for island communities like ours to really need this effort, and things like electrification of transportation that's been a focus mentioned earlier already by Scott equitable energy access that several of the speakers have already talked talking about but also things like the fact that Hawaii is the home to a very critical piece of our military's portfolio of capabilities to base resources and project peace and security throughout throughout the globe. And I think that gives us a competitive edge as we think about the things that we do and the way we can seek funding for a lot of what we do. And I guess others have already talking about economic benefits and job diversification, although this may not be on on the on the surface or the top of a list of things becomes an underlying key foundational objective across all of the things that we do. So that those are things that we already are starting to see as synergies benefits and edges that we have as we look for opportunities as a state to get as much as we can from from IJ. Speaking specifically for the utility and energy sector, there are some categories where we see a lot of overlap in there. Those four key areas are sort of summarized on the right, they're listed in the middle and and Dean and Brian have already listed actually some of those categories. But when we take all of those specific funding categories and we overlay it on some key areas of focus. We see opportunities around grid resilience and and Rick Pinkerton will be talking more about that in the next panel. But it's also things like grid flexibility, great grid modernization that Dean spoke about, but it's also the renewable energy low carbon resources that we want to add to our system. And as Mark spoke to, we want to make sure that we don't just have the clean resources like the zero carbon renewable resources you want to have. But we have the grid that is able to connect them make use of them and ultimately use those clean resources to serve our customers, whether they're large resources, or whether they're small distributed resources we need to make sure that the grid is adapted, transformed and change to really serve in this kind of different role. And capping all of that maybe overlying all of that is flexibility in the resources that we have whether it's flexible, large scale generation resources, flexible small scale resources including batteries that Brian spoke about. And also flexible boats, right making the energy that we use and the power and electricity demand that that all of our customers use and all of us as residents of the state of Hawaii use. How do we make those resources and the ability to change and adjust their usage more beneficial to the electric system and Dean touched a little bit upon that. In terms of charging infrastructure you can think about it as part of the grid, but part of the grid that is serving a new role that the grid never had to do before which is to provide power and energy and a reliable and resilient way to decarbonize the transportation sector, and a key will be coming on later this morning to talk about a bit about that. And then last but not least, this sort of term called middle mile broadband which maybe not all of us are familiar with. But to do all of the three things that I spoke about just now requires telecommunications ability for smart devices whether they're ours, or partners or customers devices to all talk to each other and coordinate their operations in a way that's beneficial to the system. And if we're going to establish added communications capabilities throughout the grid, we see a lot of opportunities to not just do it just for ourselves, but to do it in a way that supports other more broader telecommunication benefits in the state of Hawaii such as broadband, you know, getting broadband access for remote learning for remote working, you can think about all of the benefits, high speed broadband throughout the state can have from an economic standpoint so that's how we've been looking at it. I know we're Hawaii electric, you think of us as an electric utility, but we've really been looking at IGA from the perspective of what we can do broadly to either directly or in a supportive role, make Hawaii as successful as we can to get as much of the federal funding as we can, and then apply it in a way most efficiently, most equitably to all of all of us that call Hawaii home. So with that, Mark, I'll pass it back to you. Thank you. Thank you Colton. Yeah, I did a really good job of explaining the complexity of the integrated business system and energy and and all the pieces that we could really begin to focus on with this infrastructure funding. And with that we'll move on to the jet fuel piece obviously a massive part important part of our economy since we're in this remote location. Jason Maga floors yours. Great. Thank you Mark. Thank you and all the participants of the Hawaii energy policy forum and for inviting me to speak. I think that you're probably going to expect is that I'm going to talk about, you know, jet fuel and possibly sustainable jet fuel I'm actually not going to be talking about that today. I'm not personally involved with any kind of sustainable jet fuel. You know, initiatives at this point, however, with jet fuel use growing throughout the state, what I will be focusing on is supply logistics and how we can actually possibly reduce some of the ground fuels that, you know, supply the airports with the jet fuel. So, if I go over my slides, it should be pretty quick. This is pretty straightforward stuff. If you go down to the next slide, we're going to start with the Kahlua airport and Maui if you just go ahead and go to the next slide. So, you'll see here again just some stats increase of 30% over the past five years and 61% increase in demand over the past 10 years since 2011. On a day-to-day basis, for 2021, that was an average of 31 truckloads a day with peak season truckloads over the holidays just recently being approximately 38 and actually over 40 trucks a day on certain days. So, again, lots of trucks going back and forth from the terminal to the, from a harbor terminal to the airport. Again, it's not a long distance, it's only 1.5 miles along the right-of-way. So, where's the opportunity here to put in some infrastructure to take those trucks off the road? A 1.5 mile pipeline that could be constructed for common use by both of the suppliers at the harbor would obviously either significantly reduce and possibly just completely eliminate that off-airport trucking from the terminals to the airport. So, again, reducing the consumption of ground fuels in this instance with something that is a very doable and hopefully we could get some funding through this program. Next slide. So, the next item I'll go on to is the Kona International Airport. And if you go to the next slide, I'll have very similar statistics, but as you'll see, a lot more growth in the Kona Airport. Annual usage for 2021 was 44 million gallons total for the year. The increase of 69% compared to five years ago and 83% increase since 2011. So, again, significant increases in usage and therefore significant increase in the number of truck loads required per day to get that fuel from a harbor terminal to the airport. And now with a distance from a harbor terminal to the airport on the Big Island, you know, a pipeline is not really a foreseeable item, but what we could do is currently about 11 truckloads a day are coming from Hilo. Right, so they're coming all the way over from Hilo Harbor, making an 80 to 95 mile drive, where if they were able to expand some of their terminal storage at Kauai High Harbor, you could reduce that by 70% the distance, right? A third of the distance from Kauai High Harbor down to the airport to deliver fuel. So, you know, 70% of those truckloads could come from a distance that was much closer, obviously reducing, you know, the amount of time that they're spending on the road and the emissions of those truckloads. So, that is the end of my presentation. Again, small things, you know, within the overall aviation fuel industry that we could do, but a couple of things that I think we could get done pretty easily and pretty quickly. Obviously congestion mitigation and air quality improvements from ground transportation are not a minor thing, so really interesting for you to point out those particular issues and we'll discuss those. Please continue to write your questions for Session 1A and the upcoming Session 1B until after the conclusion of the next four presentations and then we'll engage in a moderated dialogue to identify or further discuss these high priority gaps and needs and how the forum can support and coordinate the critical follow up to ensure that these opportunities aren't missed clearly as the speakers have been encouraging us to do. Now we'll move directly into Session 1B and I'm going to introduce the speakers who will talk about resiliency. The first presenter is David Lopez, the executive officer of Hawaii emergency management agencies, one of the most qualified personnel we've ever had in the job with more than 20 years of experience in international crisis management. Hawaii is benefited from threat mitigation plans and response plans developed by David. And he's led effective responses to critical events ranging from hurricanes, aircraft disasters and terrorists incidents. Following David is Kevin Nishimura, vice president of operations at Hawaii Gas. He started his career with Hawaii Gas in 1993 as a staff engineer and he's worked his way through the ranks in all the areas including engineering operations, customer care and strategic initiatives. Our resilience panel also includes as Colton pointed out Rick Pinkerton, he's the director of asset planning and strategy at Hawaiian Electric. He's responsible for all the HECO strategies work plans and budgets for ongoing maintenance and renewable the transportation distribution system, as well as it enhancements to grid reliability and resilience. He's also responsible for the internal and external reporting on system reliability and resilience metrics. So when you get those reports on Sadie and safety. I'm sure that's Rick Pinkerton fingerprints all over that. Our final speaker in this panel is Chris Junker who leads the resiliency clean transportation and analytics team at the Hawaii State Energy Office. His team is now tasked with challenging analysis to understand how Hawaii's integrated utility grids pipelines fuels and energy infrastructure can sequester more atmosphere carbon and greenhouse gases, and it emits no later than 2045, but hopefully sooner. I have to point out that Chris and course got Glenn's important long standing right responsibility is the energy offices oversight of emergency state emergency support function 12 with support to the Department of Hawaii of Homeland Security in Hawaii in prioritizing the reestablishment of critical infrastructure after emergency event. So David, you're up. Thank you. Thank you, Mark. Can everyone hear me. Yeah, we can hear you. Great. Thank you. Good morning. And our course on behalf of Hawaii emergency management agency. We thank you very much for the invitation speak today. Oftentimes we're not included in these discussions. So we really appreciate it. As Mark said, I'm the executive officer at Hawaii emergency management. And he tasked me with giving you a candid appraisal and straight talk on resiliency. And, unfortunately, I get pretty high marks in candor, but we run the risk of probably making a few people mad in the meantime, but we're going to run that risk today. And so I'm going to give you kind of our perspective on how we see some of these things. Not only an energy but in infrastructure in general. So basically going to touch on four topics, system redundancy, transition and integration of systems, holistic planning and affordability. And from what I've heard so far is we've kind of run in and out of those subjects already too. So you'll get the, again, the emergency management perspective. So we've also heard a lot of talk on climate change and what we're going to do in the next 50 years. But a lot of times our concerns don't don't match our actions. And the truth is, is that there's been minimal investment by the state in regard to resiliency and protecting its critical systems from natural disasters and other disasters as well. But we have a aging infrastructure as an example. And even though it's pretty unique, the Hyema facilities located in a 1908 air bunker and kind of put some perspective on things. We're still undergoing lead abatement, lead pain abatement. So it kind of lays a little perspective there. Along with aging infrastructure, we have single points of failure throughout our critical systems. Port of Honolulu is a single point of failure. Its commercial capability can't be replicated in any other commercial port. We have an on-demand economy which lends to having no surplus storage. And with the, you know, with only a few exceptions like the fuel reserves at our power plants, you know, there's not a lot of built up storage for emergency. And so of course in most systems, this leads to a single point of failure. If you take our food and water system and look at that storage, in general we just have about three to four days of on-hand food and water supply throughout the state should we lose importation. So it kind of again gives you perspective. We're down to one oil refinery, so again single point of failure there. We don't have a lot of geographical redundancy in some key infrastructure, meaning that we have all our eggs in one basket basically all located in one spot. We have many pieces of critical infrastructure in inundation zones. The energy sector reaches into every critical system we have. And we need a variety of those sources for emergency power. And this variety will be key to provide response recovery in emergency circumstances. We simply aren't prepared for a minor catastrophic event, not to mention a major event, with cascading effects that would cross multiple system failures. Redundancy and alternative emergency planning has never been really a strong point in the state planning process. And our geographic isolation alone should have spawned this type of thinking years ago. So we have some catching up to do there. These problems are exacerbated by transitioning and integrating new components into old systems. Today we're talking about energy. Thank God I'm glad we are. I'm glad we're part of it, but we should take this approach to every critical system we intend to upgrade. For us in emergency management, we always have to find two solutions to every problem and disaster hands us. We have to fix the broken system, but you have to do something in the meantime. You have to have an interim fix or work around or people will die. Hurricane Maria demonstrated this in Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico is transitioning and integrating their energy system, but they didn't have a catastrophic failure plan. They didn't understand their capabilities and limitations of power system integration from that old to the new and especially in austere catastrophic conditions. The loss of their power system created cascading effects. They didn't understand those either. It ultimately led to a prolonged recovery. So a year after Maria's landfall, their death toll still rose to 3,000 people. Hawaii is not that different from Puerto Rico. We have aging infrastructure, energy system transitions. We're integrating new with old. We're both island states, of course. We have a mountain range that separates power sources from population centers. We have single points of failure and we have geographic isolation like they did. Our geographic isolations double the straight line distances theirs is from help though. The last similarity is the inability or failure to plan holistically across systems. Until 2016 Hawaii like Puerto Rico planning wetting emergency management, we call silos of excellence. Our emergency management system was much the same way. But as you can see from this panel, these issues are much bigger than any one organization. They exceed the expertise of any one organization and the budget of any one organization as well. So the silo silo planning prevents that systematic recovery. It prevents mutually supporting plans that provide efficiency in the order of operations when stress is put across systems in a delays recovery. The system in our island state works independently of another. They're all connected. They all have interdependencies and therefore cascading effects when they begin to fail. And we have to assume at some point they will fail. We should plan an environment in which we will respond to. Planning holistically across systems ties and improves our systems where they intersect. It allows a wider variety of experts to factor in redundancy and alternative plans to address these cascading effects and limit human suffering when systems do fail. Holistic planning also aids in affordability. Our critical systems are complex interdependent beasts. They're expensive to build, maintain and protect. Holistic planning brings a multi system approach to issues where the increase of stakeholders broadens that expertise protections into first cost. This not only makes systems more affordable to develop, but it increases the affordability to the everyday citizen. If our citizens can't afford the use of systems in the best conditions, and they surely not be able to use those systems in exigent circumstances when they're needed the most. From the emergency management perspective, redundancy can be accomplished with capital improvement projects, especially now around the port infrastructure, alternate port capabilities, emergency ration warehouses across the state. And of course with every one of these key pieces of infrastructure, they have to be accompanied with alternate power resources. The proper transition and integration of new technologies to old with the application of emergency recovery should be explored. This way Hawaii understands how to put itself back together in the event of a catastrophic strike during system modernization. Holistic mitigation planning incorporates that philosophy of addressing interdependencies and cascading effects across the systems. And of course this increases the overall resiliency, it broadens that area of the areas of expertise, and especially makes things affordable to our citizens. That's why emergency management perspective. And we do again thank you for allowing us to share this. David thank you for that candid appraisal, and obviously something that we'll be following up with in the discussion. Thanks so much. We'll move directly into the Kevin is more right now. Thank you Mark and I appreciate the opportunity from you and your group to participate in this important conversation today. At Hawaii gas, you know we, we have resilience in our DNA. For us, it means two huge components and one is as David pointed out its redundancy in systems. The other is diversification. So a lot of the investments that we're putting into our structures are to enhance both redundancy and diversity. You know, although Hawaii gas accounts for just under 1% of the greenhouse gas emissions in Hawaii, we're as committed as the rest of the state to reduce that contribution to greenhouse gases. A lot of the projects and initiatives we're working on involve increasing locally sourced RNG to replace sng. And we're also looking at locally produced opportunities for hydrogen. I know Rose mentioned it in her presentation that hydrogen blending nationwide is becoming a very hot topic for utilizing gas pipelines to distribute hydrogen. And she said in these pilot projects, there has to be a first Hawaii gas was the first and is the only utility in the states right now to distribute a blended hydrogen methane product to our customers we've done that for over four decades now. So with that, we're getting a lot of attention. There's probably opportunities for us to leverage that attention with investment in research on our pipeline and our systems. We've been working with a number of developers and groups. You know, very interested in Hawaii gas and we're doing with hydrogen blending. I understand that one of the key initiatives for you know the RNG and the hydrogen projects is to get more locally produced energy supply into our portfolio. We don't want waste water or solid waste or landfills or even bio crops. The key here is to contribute to a circular economy. As you say where we become more independent. And, you know, and as David pointed out, you know, everything that comes to Hawaii comes to reports. What we don't want is that single point of failure so the more we can rely on locally sourced and locally produced supply and sources of energy. I think you know that that feeds into our resilience model, which is which is key here in this conversation. And we've been investing quite a bit of our energy on these initiatives. So, regarding resilience during natural disasters and you know I echo the things that David said, when we look at natural natural disasters and recovery for, you know, Hawaii, any of the islands in Hawaii. What we would consider is, what are the alternative or redundant systems that we have in place to provide energy to key critical infrastructure like hospitals or shelters in the event of say a hurricane. Having great power, having pipeline distribution of energy, as well as a total transport of energy. All these three alternatives all feed into greater diversity and and again reinforces resilience. So I think you know we're all at this table, discussing common goals. Again, you know I think David hit him on the head is we need to have a holistic approach. We need to come together on this and agree on what the priorities were the most productive. Spend is for our efforts and our money. And you know I think, pulling this firm together and getting the right decision makers together is a great start so again that's where we are at Hawaii Gas, we're, you know engaged. We are actively involved in a lot of these initiatives and we're here to to work together on this so thank you again mark and appreciate the opportunity. Excellent Kevin really appreciate that we'll move directly into Rick Rick Pinkerton floors yours. So thank you Mark, Lohan good morning to everyone. I just have three slides to highlight some priorities for us and our stakeholders and how this fits with I I J to kind of add to some of what Colton covered. So, go to the next slide please. Yeah, so for Hawaiian electric resilience and climate change adaptation efforts started with extensive community and stakeholder engagement. In the next three years and ongoing collaborate collaborative efforts to discuss resilience capabilities vulnerabilities and priorities with many of our key customers community leaders, first responders other critical community lifelines, lots of folks speaking in this form today. It's included co allow Poco community resilience initiative, and also our integrated grid planning resilience working group. Throughout this engagement process one of the key messages that we've heard loud and clear from this group is that electric power is critical that energy is the lifeline to other community lifelines. And that Hawaiian electric must build greater resilience in this power system so we can better withstand severe events including weather related disasters and enable faster recovery. Next slide, please. As a result, and subject to our public utility commission approval, Hawaiian electric plans to implement significant resilience enhancements over the next five years that will reduce the severity of damage to our grid when major events do happen and allow us to service to be restored customers more quickly. We can't harden everything our electric grid was built over many decades. But the recommendations coming out of this process have helped us tremendously and identifying resilience investments that are very targeted to address the highest value projects that will address the biggest vulnerabilities in the most cost effective way. I also want to point out, I'm going to run through these really quickly but just want to point out this initial five year program is not intended to represent the entirety of necessary resilience initiatives, but would result in significant progress on foundational elements. So among, you know, specific projects to be proposed by Hawaiian electric in our application, you know, strengthening our most critical transmission lines to withstand extreme wind. Also bolstering our distribution line serving critical community lifelines like ports major hospitals military facilities communications infrastructure water wastewater plants and emergency response services a lot of what we're hearing, you know in this forum. Also, you know, hard hardening targeted utility poles that could otherwise significantly impede or delay restoration efforts. You know, for these think of like our facilities crossing highways, multiple circuit poles with key equipment automated switches, poles that are hard to access this type of equipment that will really be a bear if they come down during these storms and really delay restoration. Also enhanced vegetation management to prevent trees from falling into our lines from the storm. You know this is in addition to what we already do. And this is to augment that you know this is about dead disease trees, even some healthy invasive species that are outside of our maintenance zone or right away that during you know some of these big wind events. They can come down and take down our facilities and cause a lot of damage. Also, wildfire mitigation. We want to strengthen lines and deploy a certain protective devices and situational awareness devices like to prevent both the ignition of wildfires and also to help us withstand damage from wildfires ignited from any source. Also, you know, with the recent Kona low it kind of reemphasized and highlighted the damaging effects of flooding and heavy rains. We want to install equipment and some of our potentially vulnerable substations to reduce flood impacts. Also at a very initial and targeted effort we want to look at moving some selected lines underground that are currently overhead that are that are prone to damage from falling trees, you know despite our best efforts to manage the vegetation. And then lastly, want to install distribution feeder ties at some of the isolated substations that allow them to be restored more quickly this is really about, you know what we've heard from some of some of from David and Kevin about redundancy so that we don't have a single point of failure. Yeah, it's a very important. Next slide please. Yeah, so how does this fit with ii j a colon, as I said colon already covered some of this I'll just highlight a few points specific to resilience. For resilience we think it aligns very well. There's a compelling need, as others have mentioned to extreme weather events are expected to increase in frequency intensity and duration due to climate change. A lot of what I just described is about installing stronger poles steel structures, new equipment. A lot of that probably most of that's made in America. And this, this is, you know, significant work in addition to what we, we routinely do each year. So, we're talking about, you know, potentially significant, you know, jobs additional jobs here which is I know is a big objective. Also, you know, we're already far along on our PUC application for what I've described actually in the final stages of development so this comes at a good time. So, you know, and I already mentioned how we started with the stakeholder engagement, you know, from the start we've had in depth and you know ongoing engagement and collaboration with stakeholders so I know that that that's key and important. And, you know, a few things mentioned there, you know, there's some additional resilience opportunities, you know, we're looking at that are various stages. So, you know, you'll be hearing more in the coming weeks as we prepare and file our application with the PUC. You know, clearly, you know, we think this is something that's very important to Hawaii. We're all, you know, we're in this together. We need to continue supporting each other and coordinating our efforts to make this happen. So thank you. And thank you, Mark, and the Hawaii Energy Policy Forum. And I'll head back to you. Thank you, Rick. Great summary. We'll move quickly into Chris Junker because after his brief discussion we will go into this sort of joint dialogue and we'll try to set aside 15 minutes which will put us delay our entry into Senator Wakai's discussion but we should have enough. I want to make sure that we have enough time to really carry on a discussion about these important issues. Chris, floor is yours. There we go. Two years of COVID and I still can't work on you. Hi, Chris Junker, Managing Director of Resilience, Clean Transportation and Analytics at the Hawaii State Energy Office. I'm here today to provide a little background on the Energy Office's role as primary and coordinating agency for the emergency support function 12 ESF 12, which is energy and how ESF 12 informs our perspective on investments and resiliency. Next likely. As you know, Hawaii is the most isolated population center on the planet. This makes us uniquely vulnerable and drives a need for self-sufficiency. That need for self-sufficiency makes energy resiliency all the more important. As I mentioned, the Energy Office is the primary and coordinating agency for energy and this covers all energy, electricity, as well as liquid fuels and gas. As the primary agency, the Energy Office serves as a subject matter expert for energy within the emergency response framework and as the coordinating agency, the Energy Office has managed the oversight of the ESF 12 function throughout the event. Our main or our goal is to maintain situational awareness in order to respond to request for information and request for assistance from counties, state agencies, federal agencies, and the private sector. Next slide please. FEMA's national response framework includes 15 emergency support functions overall. 12 of those 15, 7 have been identified as community lifelines and community lifelines are the fundamental services that allow all other aspects of society to function. So energy is a community lifeline as it is effectively the lifeblood for all activities. And I think that you've heard that from several speakers earlier. And this is an important point. The dependence on energy bribes a holistic perspective for the Energy Office. Energy resiliency is not about resiliency for energy's sake. It's about how energy resiliency can power the critical services that communities need to respond to and rapidly recover from all hazard events. Next slide please. And the point of this slide is just that time is critical. And in the instances such as hurricane hurricanes, the clock starts before the event even happens, and that's when the ports close. At that point we begin to drain whatever reserves are available on island. We need to be self sufficient and critical services for as long as we can in order to provide time for resources and assistance to reach us. So energy resiliency investments are just that there are investments to extend the time that Hawaii can continue to provide critical services to our communities. Next slide please. Okay, so this holistic perspective on energy's role can be seen in our activities, which reflect how we would approach future opportunities, such as the infrastructure investment and Jobs Act. FEMA's Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities Program, BRIC, as well as other funding opportunities. So they're planning grants and planning grants are used to inform infrastructure investments that will ultimately be made. In many instances, projects identified in planning grants receive extra points in awarding competitive grants. And you've heard that, you know, I mean there's a lot of competitive funds out there, and it's going to be competitive to get them. So in terms of planning grants, HSEO is a partner in DOT airports, BRIC application in collaboration with IEMA, and to look at how we can leverage investments made to decarbonize aviation. The idea is to utilize the battery and generation capacity at airports needed to support electrification of inner island flights to create micro grids. These micro grids could serve as resiliency hubs to power community lifelines during events. Another planning grant, which the Energy Office was awarded from FEMA in collaboration with IEMA, will map the energy supply chain on Hawaii all the way through the community lifeline infrastructure. The purpose is to identify vulnerabilities in the energy supply chain that serve community lifelines and identify projects to either harden the supply chain or identify supply alternatives during events for those community lifelines. And that leads us to infrastructure project which would do just that. HSEO in collaboration with IEMA and Hawaiian Electric applied for three micro grids under FEMA's competitive BRIC program. Critical customer hubs are micro grid on the electric distribution system in vulnerable areas that happen to be on the windward side of a locker. As you may know, the windward side of a locker is served by free transmission lines over the coal house, and there's no utility scale generation on that side of the island. The micro grids will be located in areas where there are high concentration of community lifelines such as hospitals, fire stations, and shelters. There will be a number of opportunities under ESA, BRIC, and other programs to invest in resiliency, and HSEO plans on taking a holistic approach when pursuing those opportunities, and really keeping an eye on the services that the communities need and that energy enables. And with that, I turn it back to you, Mark. Great, Chris. Nice job. Yeah, so, Eric, can you can you now bring up all of the 1A and 1B panelists. I would like to go directly into some of the questions right away. And I think this initial question probably involve Dean and Brian perhaps initially but anyone else can can weigh in as well. So when we're talking about the incentives for low and moderate income customers, some of the vulnerable or disadvantaged customers that were that were talked about in Dean's discussion. Dean, you seem to indicate that, you know, perhaps direct subsidy may not be the most efficient or effective routers. There's some difficulties in that. Would you like to see, I think you did mention the loan and grant programs, but is that a better offset for those costs or would you prefer to see quotas, targets, incentives. Can you elaborate, could both of you elaborate a little bit more about, again, the most effective route to go into this or the other option which is just the more transformative things that kind of lift everyone up. Well, if Brian doesn't mind, I guess I'll start and then, you know, Brian, please join in because I know, you know, we've engaged on this topic a number of times. But if I can clarify, I think one of the issues that I raised was with rebates where it might require the low income customer or, you know, basically a customer to have upfront investment of funds that they might not have. You know, so from, for some of these programs that have percentage carve outs or something 10% shall be reserved for low income customers. Again, I don't know that that's been a very successful path because, again, if the customers don't have the funds to get the rebate that's that's where we're running into an issue so certainly, you know, the possibility of exploring direct subsidies, I think, you know, Brian can probably share a little more where even where they have direct install, which is where Hawaii energy goes in and basically goes to a customer and says, Hey, we can put this in for you, basically at no cost because the program's paying for it. Even there there's running into a little trouble but I think they've had more success with direct install versus you know relying on rebates. From that perspective, I think, you know, we do need to explore having those situations where we have direct payment coverage for the cost of the program. But I think Brian would agree that part of this still fundamentally remains trying to have better outreach to the customers to build that trust and understanding so that when Hawaii energy or there's a utility distributed energy resource program that goes out to them to help them and that you know this isn't something that is is like a scam or something that you know is is too complex for them to participate in. It's an opportunity for them to help manage their energy usage as well as their customer bills. Brian, did you have anything you wanted to add to that. I think I think you're spot on the, you know, the average consumer either doesn't care or doesn't really dive deep into some of the intricacies of the whole energy landscape and so it is sometimes challenging to do what should be the easy work given some of the harder things are happening around that so definitely the community engagement is a big part of what needs to happen in the space. And that relates to to financing I think you know there has to be some other way that we deliver the programs to your point. You know we can provide direct installs but not for large appliances I mean that's covering the entire cost of the project and so is it that we're you know providing the entire cost and they're they're paying us back is that a model we need to look at do we need to leverage some of the financing, where do we need to you know find ways to really provide incentives to landlords a lot of LMI customers are renting and they don't even have control over their large appliances and landlords are not inclined to replace appliances that are working because often they're not paying the energy bill so there's a lot of structural changes that need to happen but absolutely the first cost is one of the barriers. I don't have any question to be self serving or anything for you, Brian but in terms of the appropriate entity to be able to carry that out to actually deliver the service to be able to place the rebates or the or the grants, or the loan programs. Yeah, because again part of this is to sort of identify the most efficient way the most effective way, and to make sure that we have the best proposal from Hawaii to be able to carry this out. I think it's going to take a partnership, I mean Hawaii energy really isn't set up to be a financing entity, so I mean we obviously have those that focus in the space and it has to be that there's interest in prior your financial gain for folks to be able to be more interested in because this is low dollar high volume work right with very high risk customers so there's that fundamental challenge, but I think, you know, our work in the affordability and accessibility space has been really driven by a lot of community partnerships as well so I think it's going to take a financing partner along with those community partners. Anybody else want to weigh in on that subject. I want to follow up with something that Rick Pinkerton had talked about in terms of some of the efforts to harden infrastructure improve predictive modeling. And some of these, you didn't mention micro grids in particular but I know that Cola Poco is looking at micro grid development as a way to kind of make their community more resilient. You see the next step is developing plans to closely analyze those benefits, followed quickly by planning and design leading to deployment or is that something that could be procured even in a more direct fashion. Yeah, and I may defer to Colton, given his oversight of the whole integrated grid planning process but you know I will say just initially that what we're talking about with our hardening efforts. You know, this is, you know, we're focusing on kind of no regrets efforts that they don't compete with these other third party utility solutions, you know micro grids or what have you that they, you know, complement those. You know, you did mention Cola Poco were actually I think today that the application sub application gets filed for three critical customer hubs for the brick grant application. That's great that's good news. Colton anything further on that. I think we recovered it pretty well right so we should all be thinking about resilience so the utility infrastructure of one that's really made up of many complimentary efforts and strategies micro grids is a very, very important piece of it. It has not just like lines and grid benefits but it also can have generation benefits beyond the micro grid function. But, but micro grids is one piece, and there are I think other very, very important complimentary pieces as well right, how do we make the entire generation portfolio, more resilient how do we make the full grid throughout all communities, more resilient. And really that's where the ladder is where mix program that he was discussing really focused on what are the, the no regrets efforts that we need to undertake today so that we can begin making fast and large private progress in improving the resilience of our system. And so any one thing that we took away from from David's talk is that the threat is now the risk is now. And so we got to get moving now to make things. Yeah, no doubt, David did make a case for the urgency. Yeah, I mean, in terms of the focused investment. So you had to sort of lay out number one number two priority. Any, any particular thing. In our perspective, you know, speaking straight from emergency management and looking at a catastrophic event it would definitely be trying to improve our position with an alternate port capability, something that's going to offer the same type of ability to, you know, commercial capability would be a better way to put it commercial capability that the Port of Honolulu does. Because, you know, with with the limited storage again, we don't have food supply that can withstand a long term shutdown that port. As we talked going across systems and that starts affecting energy other resources that come into into the Port of Honolulu and and then of course that ultimately affects recovery, which again starts hurting us all in every system. One more time one more round of of a bomb reduction in in recovery. So that that's where we see the first piece needs to lie is really to be able to try to bring back the capability of the port as rapidly as possible. Yeah, and we know, of course, the that's a long term design planning build function so for this tranche of funds, I guess the first step would be really identifying the opportunities and and use that as I think even in Chris Chris's Chris Younger's discussion, there certainly are planning grants and design grants that would be appropriate under this under this level of funding. You know who would be some of the right people that we would need to bring in obviously department transportation, but you know that's that's is that something that the form can help sort of, I guess, and try to help coordinate and bring in the right people to to study or analyze that situation. Yeah, I believe absolutely it would be there'd be a piece there on for you were why emergency management also spawn applied for and received a resiliency program assessment and what we did and that was from Department of Homeland Security and so we have that ongoing right now and what we had them do is really look at our maritime transportation system. There's about three prongs to that which I won't get into but the bigger point is is that they're going to give us back their assessment and some alternatives on how to go forward which that would be a great driving document that we could all look at because there'd be a piece in there for every every sector, huge piece for energy and how they're coming about and what we can do to the future. And it not only talks about alternate port, but also some of these like we're talking about warehouse emergency warehouse areas and and a secondary marine transportation system, you know moving to a smaller system until the main system comes back up which again huge ties with emergency and the rest of our sectors. Right, right. I know we have rapidly run out of time does anybody have any pressing issue that you want to bring up before we go on to Senator okay. If not, I can't thank you all enough for this engaging discussion and sort of the important issues that you talked about. And of course the urgency to act with that will conclude sessions one a and one B, and now would like to introduce a Senator Glenn will cry. Who's the chair of the Senate's Committee on Economic Development tourism and technology. He's the Vice Chair of the Committee on Public Safety, Intergovernmental and Military Affairs. He's also a member of the committee on human services and ways and means, importantly, he previously served eight years in the State House of Representatives. His overall objective to serve as a legislative briefing. Senator wakai will lend his views on the most crucial infrastructure issues, and overall energy sector issues. He feels that we should be addressing. Senator wakai floors yours. Thank you. Aloha, Mr. Glick. Happy New Year everyone happy new legislative session. Thank you, Mr. Glick. Thank you for your willingness for the feds. They're providing us the resources to improve our infrastructure to meet our 100% renewable energy goals. Now we have the resources to replace fossil fuels fossil fuel mega watts with our mega wants of 2022 I've renewed optimism because things were looking absolutely dismal last fall. We had to get renewable energy on the grid due to lawmakers in 2020 mandating a shutdown of the coal plant. We did so because of assurances by advocates that it was feasible to do so by this September. Lawmakers were sold on the bold idea to have Hawaii be the first state in America to ban the burning of coal. Press releases went out to pat ourselves on the back. But two years later we see the value of creating policy based on press releases. It became apparent a year ago we didn't have the renewable projects lined up to fill the 20% gap that was caused by the closure of the coal plant. The fallback plan a year ago was to burn oil and then power batteries. Then the supply chain took away the batteries. Now the PUC is suggesting we get diesel powered generators to prepare for a lack of capacity. Wow. Yeah that's right we're preparing to buy generators, burn more oil and repairs are going to foot the bill for this lack of foresight. The coal plant is still burning and we still are already facing the threat of blackouts recent events on New Year's Eve and follow up episodes indicate the grid is unreliable. PICO has to make multiple pleas to conserve power just in the past month. I admit, I helped create the problem because I voted for the shutdown of the coal plant in 2022. It seemed like a good idea back then, provided everything lined up perfectly. Well it hasn't. And ID client to be bamboozled by advocates setting goals or mandates with absolutely no strategy. So, Senator delicous and I are now weaving together an assortment of bills to better anticipate and address the situations steps that should have been taken years ago. We have Senate bill 3057 on this bill will clearly define the renewable portfolio standards to be a percentage of electricity energy generated rather than sales Senate bill 2483 demands are first filled by renewable energy before dispatching fossil fuel generation. The opposite seems to be happening today. Senate bill 2510 indicates that we are making really good progress on our rps but right now it's overly dependent upon solar and wind. The bill establishes firm renewable energy generation policy in the Hawaii state planning act to clearly outline a path to 100% replacement of fossil fuels. We just really need to provide less guesswork and finger crossing in our strategy. Senate bill 2513 is in line with all of our move to go for more firm renewables this measure will require the PUC to have he goes separately issue request for proposal for firm renewable generation, and rps for intermittent renewable energy generation. Another bill that's on the slate of bills is Senate bill 2171. This is the wheeling bill. We are planning to allow independent generators of renewable energy to cut deals directly with users. EECA will be fairly compensated for use of their transmission lines. This bill will allow a greater number of repairs to directly benefit from all the renewables that are lining up. Senate bill 2474 is our interconnection bill we have a lot of hurdles with interconnection this bill will inject the PUC to play a bigger role in the interconnection process. They will essentially become a referee in the PPAs. Another bill that we have on in store our incentives excuse me Senate bill 2511. And this will provide incentives for renewable generation. And, or excuse me, all of our past incentives have focused on wind and solar. And all those incentives that focus on those two intermittent sources. So the bill I just mentioned 2511 will expand the renewable energy technologies income tax credit to include firm renewable energy systems. And the last bill I wanted to highlight was Senate bill 2283 this bill will have the only natural energy institute conduct a study to examine the state's ability to have advanced hydrogen production from local renewable energy sources and develop the hydrogen strategic plan. I just wanted to end by just conveying that there's so much on our legislative docket this year in the energy sphere. And we have so many renewable energy projects and our future depends upon getting past obstructionist and we've all hijacked our progress in the renewable space. But residents tell us they don't want when in Kahuku they don't want PV and on a Cooley they don't want offshore wind they don't want biomass. When it comes to energy the public is really good at defining what it doesn't want. We collectively those of us on this call and everyone who's interested need to start defining what we want. Lawmakers are hitting the reset button this year and to be effective in accomplishing Hawaii's laudable objectives. We need to plan to identify what specific time bound steps need to happen and ensure we find the balance between intermittent and firm renewable projects. Policy by press release is in our rear view mirror. We have the feds filling our empty tanks. So the road ahead will be paved towards a brighter future. Thank you, Mr. Glick. Thank you for everyone on this call for your contributions to our renewable aspirations. Thank you so much, Senator. Really do we do appreciate your candidate appraisals and thank you for taking the time to be part of this legislative briefing today. And I would like to dive directly into our final session on remaking transportation, which is a primary objective of the Biden administration with significant support for critical infrastructure improvements included in the infrastructure and jobs act. And as previously mentioned, why would expect to receive about 18 million over five years to support the expansion of the charging system. A network in the state would have the opportunity to apply for grants out of the 2.5 billion available for charging. But there's a whole host of other funds available for hydrogen infrastructure and and improving your overall transportation infrastructure network. The planning first to talk about some of those opportunities is a party pond is a planning program administrator, he's the the planning program administrator statewide for the transportation planning office at the white department of transportation. The statewide transportation planning office is responsible for establishing the comprehensive multimodal statewide transportation planning and for developing the balance multimodal statewide transportation plan and for the counties with technical assistance to help them fill their respective roles in the process, following Pradeep will be Riley Sido energy specialist height at Hawaii County. And he's in charge of the Hawaii County's hydrogen agenda transportation efforts. Many of you know Riley from his multifaceted career in the private sector, especially his decade of service at Sun Power administration working on legislative policy and business development issues, rounding out our transportation infrastructure group is a team are so the director of electrification of transportation and Hawaiian electric. The all fossil fuel free transportation solutions across the company's five island service territory. Many of you know a key as the managing director for policy and community previously I was the director of environmental accelerator and before that is the sustainability and land use manager for the Honolulu authority for rapid transportation. Now we're so pleased to have this esteemed panel. So pretty, can you kick off, including not only the programmatic activities, you'd like to highlight but also some of the funding streams. On this day the Hawaii department transportation director and your team have identified, including the bipartisan infrastructure act. Freddie floors yours. Thank you mark for inviting me to this important conversation today, and very interesting and informative informative systems that we had earlier. Can we bring up the slides please. Where we are right now. This slide shows, and primarily this is what Scott showed earlier in the season in the morning today. The 2017 total greenhouse gas emission. This is out of the 2021 report greenhouse gas instant report for Hawaii that was published in April of 2021. But we actually were emitting about 1617.64 million metric tons of carbon equivalent carbon to the atmosphere. The highest was in 2007 since we accounting is done from 1990. And for the 2017, which is actually the measures that was done in the last report. We saw that the, the total emission was 1726 for the transportation sector emission is about half that's what it's called was talking earlier at the projection for 2020 and 2030 after 2030 are just a projection. That would be revised later on, but already we see that on the last report that has been some adjustment on the aviation greenhouse gas emission, probably there is additional decrease on the ground transportation emission. Hopefully that would be there on the next revision of this, our next update of the report. So the challenge obviously over here is, we are having a really good efficiency in terms of reducing stationary greenhouse gas emission. Since we, we, in absolute terms, although we are reducing some of the transportation greenhouse gas emission and of course the energy by extension. But in actual proportional, our share of transportation greenhouse gas emission would would be increasing from 50% at present to probably about 60 65% by 2030. That's a challenge that's what we need to actually work on. Next slide please. Because a lot of the federal policies are based on what is happening as a nation. This actually gives us a view of some of the policies that we saw on the bipartisan infrastructure act, as well as the initiatives that we are seeing right now. About 29% is the transportation greenhouse gas emission and energy consumption. And out of that, about about 79% total light duty vehicle as well as freight trucks are within the among transportation that is the contribution about 70 77% of that, the transportation emission. And like ours in the national average here only contributes to about 9%. Our is a kind of unique because we are we depend on a transportation, our transportation is as much as our ground transportation transportation and the projection is that by 2030, our greenhouse gas emission is going to be much more than our ground transportation greenhouse gas emission. The figure on the right actually gives us an idea of where the opportunities are. If we look at the ground transportation, the state highway system construction maintenance management is emitting about 6% of greenhouse gas emission. The transportation, the buildings, the vehicles are only providing about 0.2% of greenhouse gas emission and the system user that means all of us were using the highway system are actually responsible for 93% of the greenhouse gas emission. And I'm just saying that you know we in everything has to be put on the user but that's how you know we driving the cars is essentially what is contributing to the greenhouse gas emission and of course by extension to our fuel consumption. Next slide please. The work that we can actually tackle on making our transportation clean is basically three areas that we have to focus on. And just going back to our the last slide on the right side, we showed where we can work. The first one is to reduce emission from duties internal operation that means you know across our all three model division highways, harbors and transport for design and construction payment strategies maintenance vehicle fleet and equipment facility and administration. And we're doing a lot on that. So, we are we have adapted sustainable and best construction management practices across all the divisions. You know there are other facility specific work that we have been doing, and even on construction and design of payments. We are actually as a pilot, we are we have been using injected, injecting carbon waste into the pavement. That's called a carbon cure. We have been installing PV panels, reducing portable water consumption and increasing water reclamation at airport, but the reduction was about 10%. So these activities do help but if you look at the previous slide is only 0.2% plus 6%. So we are the most of the work is going to be on the second and the third areas that we are going to work. The second is actually the reducing emission from transportation system uses that has been done for a number of years now. Basically what we mean by that is working on our transportation demand management strategies. That means parking management, having car setting, ride setting and SOB lanes, promoting transit and alternate transportation and even teleworking and that that was so possible because of COVID-19 and fortunately you know we could switch up to 100% of our work teleworking in some cases. So we have the condition relief program that we are doing is also contributing to some of those strategies. And of course, you know, when we are talking about, you know, there's a lot of talk about reducing VMT, and we probably need to be a little bit careful on what we are discussing on that. Because not just in a policy or reducing VMT for any project, it is about minimizing the induced travel, vehicle travel. And on that we also have to think about how land use and transportation interact. So it is not just a very clean solution over there. There's a lot of interaction. There are a lot of structural issues that we have to address to really reduce or decrease the total VMT that we see today. So the third strategy within that area would be on internalizing some externalities. That means pricing is just using economy, economic principle, road pricing, parking pricing, condition pricing. So I think those are the opportunities that can be looked at. And I'm noticing that that could be possible. But there are alternatives out there. Next slide, please. The third is basically what I think is we are discussing today. And seriously, it comes into reducing emission and vehicle vehicles and fuel technology. And the first one is a vehicle emission standard. That means the CAFE standard that we have and the Biden administration actually reverse the rollback that had been done in the previous administration. So I think we are moving in the right direction that so internal commission energy engine having much more efficiency is going to reduce fuel consumption and that ultimately would lead to greenhouse gas reduction. The second strategy is probably the most evolving one. And underlying to that is some of the some of the technologies that we have already been implementing throughout the nation. We are talking about alternate clean vehicles and energy and individual mobility that essentially is now electric vehicle for because of the technological advancement we have we have been saying for the last two decades. And there are four areas that are really coming up and evolving as we say, as we discussed today. Some is a shared mobility and it goes beyond the, you know, setting up, you know, over and leave that thing and such sharing is more of a having a share electric autonomous vehicle. Kind of ownership. So, by some account, you know, in a, in a, in a, in a such a, you know, we can build a scenario and how it can be actually feasible. We actually when we are traveling, most of the time, you know, we go to work drive 2030 minutes, and then park the whole day. And the evening we get back to the car drive again 2030 minutes, rest of the time the car is being parked. So our vehicle individually using is basically used for about one hour a day. And that is very efficient in terms of economic optimization of the resources, and already we're comfortable with the TNC and sharing and having a shared taxi system. Why not even think about having a shared mobility shared ownership with the autonomous vehicle coming in into the picture so these are all evolving technologies that would eventually benefit so listen that you know we can cut our actual and we're not talking about our mobility reducing our mobility we're talking about actual having the vehicles to 2030% if we can go into the whole steer autonomous vehicle approach, then probably would have opportunity to evolve into much more carbon free greenhouse gas reduce greenhouse gas environment. So, on that itself I think there are all the technologies that are adding up the wireless power technology and transfer essentially, you know, just using like, you know our cell phone now can be charged with a wireless system. There are a lot of pilot work going on that that shows that you know there is a 95% efficiency compared to the plugin system, having a wireless system, both in the pavement in the parking, or even in a dynamic lane vehicle lane system so there are a lot of opportunities over there, a lot of work are even some of the duties have actually started a piloting those technologies. There is another one I think already in the, you know, right to the first presentation Rick I actually mentioned about 20% of, you know, 40% of vehicle electrified electrifying and then I think if I remember clearly, he was talking about 900 gigawatt hours of energy requirement per year. There is another technologies that are actually being implemented. That could actually help on those sort of metrics or calculation. There is a vehicle to create integration that we are seeing to today that is actually a bidirectional energy flow and that could be even a wireless, where EB can be acting as a distributed power source during the peak hour and then you know they can charge and then they can actually provide the grid, the energy during the peak hour so then that will essentially bring down the firm power generation capacity that the electricity or the system would need so there are those options as well and of course underlying to that is the the vehicle automation and the connectivity technology that is going to reduce condition that is going to allow us to have the Sear mobility connected autonomous vehicle, all those kind of intergates together. So those are the opportunities that we see that out there. Can you go to the next slide please. Let's talk about some of the work that we are already doing at the duty. This one is about, you know, the EV electrification and automation that we are working on right now. We actually procured service contract to replace IC light duty vehicle. This was possible because of Act 144 from 2019, which allowed agency to contract for vehicle procurement or associated capital investment in charging or fueling infrastructure, similar to facility based energy service contracts. This contract, although we implemented that this is available to almost all of the state and county agencies, they can use the contract I think Riley is going to talk about in his presentation later on, how they are going to use this. We actually replaced 43 I see vehicle last year with the EVs. And this year we are working on replacing 100 trucks with electric vehicles. So that's basically a plan that we have and this contract is for 10 years, and all the races within the state and county can actually participate on the contract so they don't need to enter into another contract they can use the existing attract themselves. Next slide please. There are also some broadband and 5G and cab technology that we are testing and that I mentioned a couple of slides before this. The first one is a broadband 5G project that we have the broadband project will provide state highway system with connectivity as well as provide a reliable and affordable community Wi-Fi. So that is also a community focused program and apart from have providing that statewide connectivity to our system, highway system, it also provides those economic opportunity, you know teleworking opportunities also providing the the community with internet access. We already have a contract with Hawaii telecom on this, this $25 million contract and it is by 2024 we have eight pilot areas where we are going to extend the broadband and we are already using that money that we have on this. So this is a project which is already undergoing. There is another pilot program that we are working on. This is still on the drawing board. This is about the 5G connectivity and connected autonomous vehicle to provide safe mobility services to the people of Hawaii using integrated multi-modal and multi-modal transportation system. So this is a pilot program and from that it would be learning and those relations would be used for our future implementation for those advanced programs. Next slide please. We're also working on electrification of public transit. DOT is responsible for assisting the three counties other than city and county of Honolulu because Honolulu is the direct recipient of federal transit administration money. We do collaborate with the city but we are not directly responsible for their transit program. We help other three counties. So as a pilot program to electrify transit fleets with zero emission buses, we are assisting the three counties for purchase of 12 battery electric buses. Four buses is counties and we are looking about 60 to 18 million dollar for the whole program and the funding is coming out of federal transit administration fund. We actually applied for competitive grants in 2018 and 2021 and we received about 6.25 million dollars. That was very competitive although we were able to use that fund as well as some of the formula fund that we received for bus and bus facility. And then also from state energy office, there is a workshop and settlement fund that we are going to use some of that fund. We are still working the details. And we are also looking at some of the HECOs charge up and ebus pilot program with the fund whether that could be available for the program and of course the counties are also going to provide local matches. So that fund is going to provide us with implementing 12 battery electric vehicles for each county and hopefully the pilot program would provide information for us to transition into full zero emission bus transit fleet. Next slide, please. Of course, at the end of the pilot program, we'd be having a transition plan for each of the three counties. Right now, we have completed, our constitution has completed the preliminary route modeling then also, you know, because we have to look at each of the route and then develop specification for each of the different counties transit system that is ongoing right now. And since we are looking at the economy of scale, we are thinking of actually having an arrangement to procure this as a joint procurement. So there will be one procurement that will give us economy of scale and hopefully a better cost as well. The pilot bus data, you know, once it is implemented would be collected for a year and that data will be going to be included for the to refine our transition plan. So at the end of the pilot project will have a transition plan. And this would be actually going to be really effective for us to leverage some of the funded fund that we may be possibly. We will look go after the bipartisan infrastructure act later. Next slide please. This slide basically shows that we are not just talking about theoretical, you know, what could it be actually we are, you know, with the full pilot buses or two pilot buses as a whole. Greenhouse gas emission will be reducing by 1041 metric short term per year. And if we implement the full transition probably about 15,000 tons of greenhouse gas emission would be reduced every year, when all the fleet is transitioning to zero emission vehicle fleet. Next slide please. The other, you know, really important, you know, foundation that we have laid out for the, the bill is having alternate fuel corridors defined. So, working with HESO and duty we have to work together and now all four counties have and six island actually have even call it as a designation. We have on us using our electric vehicle charging funds as well as charging and fuel infrastructure discretionary fund that would be a very competitive fund, which I think I mark earlier referred to 2.5 billion every year. Probably a one of the requirement would be in a having alternative fuel corridors already defined. So we have already defined it for most of our network so that you know that is a really good groundwork that we have already completed. There is a first is a corridor ready, which means that every charging station are located no greater than 50 miles so fast charges the DC charges are located no further than 50 miles and within the five miles of the highway. And there is going to pending the where you know there are some charging station but doesn't meet the initial threshold of having a corridor ready. So, the corridor pending. The last one we did wasn't quite just last year so a couple of things that, you know, when we look at the infrastructure act. You know it really addresses some of the critical issues that we have seen on the in the EV. Many streaming of many streaming of EB technology, especially on the on the on the on the car. The biggest thing is about the cost and of course there are you know provisions the federal tax rebates and you know state tax rebates. So even that if we look at or if we pull the uses, there is a range concern. But, but in terms of technology let's look at you know, you know, this is really surprising that until 1900 this the ground speed record was held by electric vehicle. Even before I see vehicle were the mainstream, the technology, the electric vehicle technology was on the prime at the time and the biggest factor where the IC and the took over the EV and we basically saw no the last one century was because of the charging issues because of the range and the performance and probably the performance issues now kind of already noted that issue you know we have seen a performance of a sports car and electric vehicle so the other issue is on the EV infrastructure that we would need so the bi bi bi I'll actually addresses those. Let's go to the last slide. So this is basically discuss about discusses about what are the findings that is going to be available. For the highways, the federal highway fund that is going to be a 21% increase compared to the last year this see this financial federal finance in the year so we're going to receive about $228 million of course they are for most of the you know, the new act the bipartisan infrastructure law is that there are two new programs that could be really dedicated to the EV and alternative fueling infrastructures. The first one is a carbon reduction formula program. This year we received about 5.2, and the second one is electric vehicle charging that for this year we received 4.2 and then you can just multiply for five year for five by for the four years that would be five years for that would be receiving and there is also a charging and fuel infrastructure discretionary fund that is a competitive fund that is 2.5 billion per year so there's a lot of fun that it can be possibly available for us to work on our system and processes over here. And on the FDA side, there is going to be a 30 to 35% increase in our on our formula funds, and more importantly, low or no emission vehicle discretionary fund that is a competitive has increased to 5.6 billion total. So it is about eight or nine times more than what it used to be previously. So, with those funding. The details are still being worked out actually today is the last day for you know providing the, you know federal highway, put out a request for information on the on the electric vehicle charging and charging and vehicle vehicle fuel fueling infrastructure guidance and today is actually the last day so within a couple of months would be getting a detailed guideline on what projects will be eligible what are what would be the requirement, but some of the things that we have already done, you know having on the FDA side having that we are working right now are defining the EV corridor is going to help us on securing all those funds. With that I think I'll hand over back to Mark and I'll be happy to answer questions. Thank you pretty we're going to move directly we're running a little over to Riley. Floors yours. Hello and thank you, Mark and it's in the eye to having holding this is really relevant and diverse and in its information, if you could start the slide that it's interesting listening to the various presentations. It all seems to tie into what I'm about to provide. So the hydrogen transformation this first shot is an actual built out hydrogen production station. It's at the now how on the big island in Kona. It was designed engineered and worked through by hnei on a grant. Next slide. So Scott and I have the same thought look at the sources and uses and compare it. And so he went through all this. I'm focused mainly on addressing the green bar. And that is the kind of the monster of fossil fuel that we're trying to address. Next slide and interesting on the data for the big island transportation accounts for greenhouse gas emissions 57.9%. And with the size of the island of photography, you know, 4,000 square miles, it really has a heavy dependence on mobility via fossil fuel. You know, I see ease. Next slide. So hydrogen really it fits the island profile in its knees is zero emissions. It has a large range and flexibility of where and how you use the energy source, it can be transported. Very similar. It's a it's a transportable gas. So anything that like Hawaii gas American gas, the gas companies that move oxygen carbon dioxide and methane propane, all of those gases get the infrastructure to exist. So we can have diversified production areas that produce hydrogen that is cost competitive and it can be located to the point of need and store there if necessary or consume their next slide. So this is just a, you know, what kind of preaching to require on the work that has been done, you know, Senator with high and low and really worked on HRS 3642, which is what the sustainability partners third party finance that allows the third party financing to really and charging infrastructure along with the vehicles and where Hawaii County is heavily leaning toward. We are advancing in that to potentially within two three years convert half of our bus fleet to zero emissions, along with having the energy needed zero energy is zero emissions energy needed to hydrogen or photovoltaic battery and or fuel cell generation. Next slide. So the actual source of energy. We're looking at changing that from being imported to being produced. And that's through landfill waste energy no combustion, no combustion. We currently have a two landfills that are closed. I one is closed one is open. They both. The closed one is just leaching methane into the atmosphere. So we want to capture that the studies initially show that it could operate a 1.6 megawatt generator, 90% of the time 24 7365 so that energy could actually be used to generate hydrogen to electrolysis, which would provide up to an 1.1 million bus miles a year. Our entire bus fleet route is 3.3 million miles. So it will take care of two thirds of what it fuel is needed to operate our entire fleet. The landfill on the west side is active. It has an existing landfill gas capture system that currently we flare it according to EPA standards, which is about and we're playing 270 standard cubic feet per minute. And that's 24 hours a day all year long. That's 43% methane. If we capture that and utilize that for a landfill gas generator, it can produce 3 million 600,000 bus mile. So, between the two landfills we can not only handle our entire bus fleet we can handle all our tractor trailer trucks, we can handle the or fuel the entire county vehicle fleet, although, and we can in that, that process will capture the carbon that's part of that process and we'll use that carbon toward producing airline fuel, a kerosene. So we'll car carbon capture produce pipeline quality methane, and if we have excess methane will move toward replacing propane that's currently imported to the island. So, very aligned with the work that Hawaii, Hawaii gas is looking at. We also have our geothermal plant, which actually, if we had an expansion of geothermal technology, we could produce enough airline fuel for the entire state, and the standards that everyone else is working as women so. Next slide. Next slide. This is the summary of what I just gone through. Next slide. Next slide. Next slide. And so there's just a power looking at a closed loop, I guess economy you'll have the presentations you can go through it at that time, and when you get it back to you mark. Thank you so much, Riley. Really appreciate that, especially the leadership you're doing at Hawaii County, because of a time commitment, another time commitment, we're going to just switch the last two speakers. And specifically to representative Nicole Lohan who you all know is chair of the House Committee on Energy Environmental Protection, I'll dispense with the rest of the introduction of this important legislator so we'd like to hear her view now. Representative Lohan. Thank you and thanks so much for letting me go a little early we have session starting at noon. Thanks to mark Rick Megan and Dallas for working on this and bringing us all together and including, you know, the legislature, the legislators who make policy in the energy policy form we do appreciate that. As probably most of those watching today know. Certainly the panelists the Hawaii State Legislature has been the leader in shaping the renewable energy transition we had act 234 in 2007 past before I was in office that set the first greenhouse gas emission limits. The Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative in 2008 the establishment of 100% RPS by 2045 in 2015 in 2018 and that negative emissions school by 2045 and then since I've been chair of this committee we've done a lot of work on efficiency and clean transportation including passing our barrel tax funded electric vehicle charging system rebate program and then my bill from last year to transition state fleets to zero emission vehicles. So building on that this year I thought I'd talk quickly about some of the bills highlights of bills there's a lot of bills, more than this but highlights of bills, looking at this year. I have House bill 1800 this is updating the state's greenhouse gas emission limits to set a goal to be 70% below 2005 levels by 2030. And this would include aviation related emissions which had previously been excluded. It's an ambitious starting point to have a discussion about this I think but as it stands right now, our 2020 goal to be below 1990 levels was met and now there's really nothing, no hard goal and in state law, remaining so we need to address this. And then this bill also includes a study directing the state energy office to do a study to see how are we going to reach these goals this school and the 2045 goals we have what steps do we need to take and in the energy sector and transportation and planning and land use and agriculture workforce development like across all sectors how will we get to zero emissions by 2045. This bill 1521 this bill is directing the public utilities commission to consider rates for low and moderate income individuals or her families rates or credits or other programs that would address energy equity issues and I think this bill is an important piece of the puzzle in getting the whole community on board with the clean energy transition. And I think recently there's sort of been more opposition to different developments in different areas as as these projects move forward. House bill 1801 this is a repeat we've had a few years in a row but this is pushing for energy efficiency in all state facilities over a certain size. And I think by example in, you know, by having better energy efficiency and state buildings, you know energy efficiency remains the least exciting but also least cost resource so we need to keep pushing on that front. We have there's House bill 2090 and this is actually a bill in the governor's package to provide rebates to low and moderate income individuals and families for the purchase of electric vehicles. It's a similar structure to our electric vehicle charging system rebate program where it would be barrel tax funded so I appreciate the governor and his team working on that. And then the last bill I thought I would highlight was House bill. In this redirect some of the geothermal royalties that are paid towards being reinvested in geothermal resource identification and development, I think that this bill could be a jumping off point to kind of elevate more conversation around geothermal energy and how we can better invest in growing that resource. I really think that geothermal has a lot of potential especially for Hawaii Island it can kind of be our, our super power for creating our energy needs but also, you know, as a really clean and available local resource potentially could help us to invest in new kinds of industries and things so there's an opportunity there if we can work through some of the community resistance that it's seen in the past I think that still remains an obstacle we have to address. I can't say I agree with everything Senator Wakai said so we'll be having some interesting conversations this year but I do think as he alluded to we will see a lot more discussion about what role the role of the legislature should be in helping to promote development of other resources beyond just wind and solar like geothermal, you know offshore wind biofuels hydrogen, long duration storage options and other new technology so things are there yet in terms of being commercially viable and some of them may never make it but we do need to start looking ahead to, you know these 2045 dates and how we'll get and I think Rick kind of talked about this at the start how we'll get from, you know 70% or 80% or 90% to 100% because there's you know there is going to be a point where wind and solar and for our battery backups not going to cut it for 100%. So we need to start. You know now that we're past this initial phase of our PS we've got to expand that conversation. I guess I'm a little skeptical about the legislature mandating specific percentages of certain types of resources unless somebody has a crystal ball that I can can borrow but you know we do need to start planning ahead I guess. And then finally before I head down to session I just think it's important to step back and remind ourselves of the big picture and why we do this work. Because climate change is real and urgent because Hawaii is not resilient when we rely so heavily on imported fuel from unstable parts of the world. Because we want to develop local resources and keep those dollars in our economy and control our own energy future and because we have to ensure that rates here in Hawaii are affordable. We're so many families are struggling to meet their basic needs even like while they're fully employed. I think that we should be you know wary about promoting a narrative that pits these goals against each other because we need energy that's reliable and affordable and local and clean and like each of those goals is is critically critically important and I think if we all work together we can get there so thank you again mark for squeezing me in a little early I really appreciate it and I guess I'll try to catch up the rest of this session. I'll check out the reporting after so thank you and hello everybody. That sounds great. Thanks so much for presented alone. And we'll look for maybe some special resolutions from you later in the year. In any event, I appreciate your leadership. And thank you a key for allowing that switch. We're actually going to give you the last platform. We have a very hard stop at noon, as we're told from think check so. We'll lay out the the finality of this transportation panel. The pressure is on. I'll try and do my best to land the electric or hydrogen plane of this session. Thank you so much for having me today. Thank you for reflecting in preparation for this presentation that this is my third white energy policy form legislative briefing that I've spoken at. And during soundcheck today Jay actually also kindly reminded me that I look much older. So thanks Jay you can't get anything fast. But I did want to share that this is my most pivotal one as well. And that's because this legislative session, I'll be having my first baby. And I mentioned that, not just to talk about a baby, but because we have this huge opportunity in front of us right now with all of this federal funding coming down the line and what that means is that the policies decisions priorities and roadmaps that we set this year. Will really have meaningful impact, not just for right now. And, you know, having that win or that headline of getting the funding but also for this next generation. And so when we're talking about these seemingly far off, you know, sometimes it almost feels meaningless forecasts of 2040. Energy is going to be mostly powered by renewable sources and over half our cars will be powered by that clean energy, which is really exciting. It'll also be when my future son turns 18. And it's also going to be when he has the opportunity to vote for the first time. I want to remind everyone kind of in in closing that what we do today will really have a huge impact in creating that future world. So if you can pull up the slides. If there's two things that I want you to take away from what I say today, it's that one. We at Hawaiian Electric, we're listening very closely to the market. The market needs and our customers. And while there is while we do see huge market pull from the electric vehicle space. We also need great policy to ensure that that market poll results in good outcomes for our communities. And then number two, we're here we at Hawaiian Electric are here to help the state meet its transportation decarbonization targets and so that really reflects on a lot of the work that Riley is doing at the county level and product pretty mentioned in his opening remarks to ensure that we can help that the big chunk of drivers out there or transportation out there really decarbonize rapidly. Next slide please. So to address the first point about the market. For those who have been following over the last few years, the auto industry has committed to investing billions and like 10s of billions of dollars in electric vehicles. So we're seeing the purchase of electric vehicles skyrocket, not just in Hawaii, although we do work, you know we have the second highest vehicle ev ownership per capita, but also we're seeing over 150% growth in ev sales across the rest of the United States, Europe, and Asia. Some may be wondering why are the feds investing so aggressively in this space right now and it's because we're actually behind the curve of the US is, and we need to play catch up with the rest of the world and so this is really, you know, a big opportunity for us. Next slide. And then in our, you know, local forecast we're seeing huge increases of electric vehicles as well and we're revising these right now. Policy is going to be important to make sure that this wave of growth serves the public good. And so, you know, these are conversations that we have with the public utilities commission with our legislators. And then, there were several bills introduced this year, rep low and mentioned governor e-gaze ev rebate bill for low and moderate income communities that are really targeted and ensuring that the, the expansion of electric vehicles is really serving and then in the past, there have been subsequent sessions where bills like the state fleet transition goals and dedicated funding to ev rebates that you know Hawaii energy is doing just a awesome job distributing and administering. All of those bills are also foundational to ensure these good outcomes. So looking forward to this session coming up. Next slide please. So on the second point, you know, HECA has been working within the electrification of transportation sector since 2012. And we've been very strategic about soliciting community input and developing long term strategies like an electrification of transportation roadmap in 2018 to ensure that we really optimize the level, the levers that we as a utility can toggle to fill in gaps. And so, these levers are public charging rates and infrastructure. Next slide. So on the public charging front, we've been piloting a program since 2012. And we have 25 chargers across our service territory. And we've heard from our customers that they need more charging and more reliable charging and so last winter. Next slide please. We filed a proposal to expand this program to serve 28% of the public charge fast charging need by 2030 and 10% of the public level to charging need by 2030. We're not really trying to take over the market or anything like that, but we really want to create a critical backbone and catalyze private investment to carry the rest. Next slide please. We also have thanks to the support for the support from the public utilities commission have two commercial rates that leverage time of use designed to incentivize charging during the middle of the day. And last but not least, we recently received approval for two pilots that allow us to develop the infrastructure so Pradeep mentioned the charge of E bus pilot that's launching next month. And then we recently got approval to launch our charge ready Hawaii. And this will be later this year, probably around the October time frame, and this will allow us to assume the cost of infrastructure for bus operators apartment condo dwellers commercial entities that are thinking about workplace charging and fleet transition. And of course third party charging providers as well public charging providers as well so I think we're about at time I did my best to keep it short, but that's all I have for today and happy to answer any questions. Thank you. Thank you so much. Really great summary and you did that really fast I know there's a lot as a big presentation. I'm going to be very brief in the in the wrap up we won't have time really to, I think, go into all of the wonderful questions because we're really over the final time limit. But we will be posting all of the presentations on the Hawaii energy policy forum site will have some comments, it'll be a great time. Also, for the questions that were prepared in the q a Q&A section and the ones we can pull from the chat. We'll get back with the presenters and try to have answers for those as well. And that will also post on the Hawaii energy policy site will be looking to form the appropriate committees or follow up actions to be able to track monitor and to help forge and support other collaborations from all the things that we learned here today. Again, we're attempting to fill the gaps of the unfinished business of the Hawaii Hawaii's energy transition. And of course this year, try to take advantage of this important pools of funds, including the bipartisan infrastructure bill and the other assistance programs that will help us. To meet all of our objectives. I can't thank every, you know, everyone who participated for providing such great presentations throughout this long session. Obviously, the more than 100, nearly 150 people who attended some internationally, didn't get a chance to take your questions directly. But again, we'll certainly be following up on those. Also look to our site for further information on the next cohort of the energy transition initiative partnership program to obtain technical assistance for whatever project you want to achieve. That deadline will be on April 15, but more information will be posted on our site and some of you will probably receive information directly. And with that, this session is concluded. I also just want to briefly thank some of the same people that Rick thanked in the beginning, Megan and Dallas and Mitch, obviously Rick Rushlow for providing the financial resources and overall support of this initiative. And to the think tech team, Jay Fidel and Senator more walkie for her undying support of this white policy form. And to all of you. Thank you. We're adjourned.