 Long Jean watches have won 10 world fair grand prizes 28 gold medals and more honors for accuracy than any other timepiece Long Jean the world's most honored watch is made and guaranteed by the Long Jean Wittner Watch Company It's time for the Long Jean Chronoscope, a television journal of the important issues of the hour brought to you every Monday, Wednesday and Friday A presentation of the Long Jean Wittner Watch Company Maker of Long Jean, the world's most honored watch And Wittner, distinguished companion to the world honored Long Jean Good evening, this is Frank Knight. May I introduce our co-editors for this edition of the Long Jean Chronoscope Mr. William Bradford Huey, editor of the American Mercury and Mr. Elliott Haynes, an editor of United Nations World Our distinguished guest for this evening is the honorable Ernest A. Gross, United States deputy representative to the United Nations The opinions expressed are necessarily those of the speakers Ambassador Gross, I'm sure that many of our audience remember your appearance on this show three or four months ago Since then a great deal has happened and I'm sure that our audience would appreciate your views tonight on what's being accomplished at the United Nations Now sir, as a first question, do you believe that there is more support in the United States for the United Nations today or less than there was at your last appearance? Well, I've just come back from Paris where the meeting of the General Assembly just concluded. I've been back to a few days. I wouldn't say that there is less support There's less support and that means that there is a growing criticism in this country of the United Nations That's my impression Ambassador Gross, do you believe that the reason for that is that the United Nations was oversold to Americans that they were told that the UN would solve all problems overnight? I don't know whether I'd agree that it was oversold. I think that there were great many hopes that we had in 1945 in the world that existed then which had turned out to be to have been unfounded and I think that the fact that all our hopes did not materialize did not really come about as led to frustration What are such hopes? Well, in 1945, just after the war, we thought I think a great many people all over the world thought that all the big powers including the Soviet Union would agree on peace treaties for Germany and Japan Of course the principle of disillusionment has been the recalcitrance of Russia has to 19th Yes, I think the fact that the Soviet Union has not carried out its pledges that the Soviet Union has violated the United Nations Charter The fact that the Soviet Union has not cooperated with the rest of the world has led to the situation which exists today in the world Do you think that at the last General Assembly the failure of the Soviet Union to live up to its pledges was revealed by United States insistence on that point? I think that from 1945 until the present moment the Soviet Union has been revealing itself in every meeting of the General Assembly in every United Nations meeting I think that's one of the advantages of the United Nations As a sounding board for... I think it's a place where every country can reveal and does reveal whether it's conscious or unconscious where they show exactly what they're up to Well I think our people generally understand that the disillusionment about Russia Now what about our own nation? Have any actions by our own government contributed to disillusionment in the United Nations? Now specifically on the Korean armistice Do you think that the whole Korean matter has contributed to disillusionment in our country? I hope not I think that the attitude of the American people if I can summarize it as I see it at least the attitude of the American people toward the United Nations has followed the ups and downs of the Korean War itself I think that right after the aggression against the Republic of Korea back in June 1950 there is a tremendous enthusiasm in this country for the United Nations and for the fact that the United Nations decided to stop aggression in Korea I think after the Chinese communists came into the war and as General McArthur said at that time a new war had started I think that there was a great deal of disillusionment and disappointment in the fact that the United Nations had not carried the war to a successful conclusion Well now do you think that the United Nations can carry the war to a successful conclusion within a reasonable period? I think that that decision is for the communists I think that the United Nations has won a great victory in Korea I think that the American people and the rest of the world understands that aggression was brought to a halt in Korea The Republic of Korea is a country today On this question of American disillusionment which seems particularly interesting to me sir Do you think that much of our disillusionment in Korea has been caused by the fact that some of our allies have seemed to be rather reluctant? Yes, I think that there has not been enough of a contribution of military forces by our allies I think we have felt that from the very beginning You think then that that disillusionment, that criticism among our own people has been justified It is true that some of our allies have been too reluctant to have an effect let us down in Korea Yes, I think so Now how can you say that when the French and the British are carrying on wars almost the same size as the Korean war in Indochina and in Malaya? Well, there are 60 members of the United Nations Now I don't want to seem to be running down the contributions which the French and the British, you've named them, have been making And the general battle front against communism in the world The French have had astounding losses in Indochina where they've been carrying the war against communism The British have been making sacrifices in Malaya and in Southeast Asia generally I'm not referring to any particular countries when I make the statement I do But the United Nations effort in Korea should be a collective effort And I am certain, I'm certain that more contributions can be made by many more countries than have come into the war in Korea Now Mr. Gross, even though that disillusionment among us has grown The United Nations still has an enormous amount of goodwill extended toward it by the American people A lot of us still have our hopes fastened on it Now tonight can you point to some specific things that have happened that should encourage us about the United Nations? Well of course I think that what I've just been saying about the failure of many of our allies to send greater forces to Korea Or to send forces at all has to be weighed and balanced against the fact that there are 16 nations fighting in Korea That the United Nations has stemmed the aggression against the Republic of Korea That if the Korean enterprise had not been undertaken, the Republic of Korea would have been overrun And I have the slightest doubt in the world that the communists regarded Korea as part of a master plan of aggression You would point to Korea, you think that an objective judgment should be that Korea is a plus for the United Nations Oh I think it's one of the, we turned to historic corner when we decided to stop the aggression Can you point to a second plus now? Yes I think so The whole question of the position of countries within the free world is something we often lose sight of Because we're naturally concerned about the greatest menace of all, which is the menace of communist imperialism But let's not forget that some of the greatest successes of the United Nations in the past have been in settling disputes within the free world I may not just cite three examples of that The United Nations stopped a war in Palestine They stopped a war in Indonesia between the Dutch and now what is a new nation of 70 million people born under the auspices of the UN The UN stopped a war between India and Pakistan in Kashmir Now those are very impressive achievements and I think the American people are justifiably proud of them But you must admit that the overwhelming question of the day is the battle between the free world and the slave world And one of the purposes of the UN was in providing an area where those two major powers could bit by bit come to agreement Thereby avoiding war Now during the last assembly that you've just returned from Was there any even slight reaching of an agreement which might portend a greater agreement in the future I feel myself that the last assembly which and we mustn't forget that every year there is the great international conference of 60 nations We call it a general assembly but it's really an important international conference and we mustn't forget That you can judge the state of the world by what happens at those international conferences The Russians I think were definitely on the defensive at this last session of the assembly I think they're on the defensive in the world today Was Vyshinsky's notable failure, he made a laughing stock out of him over there, one of that Well I don't want to comment about Vyshinsky's failures or accomplishments I think that he's accomplished more failures and failed in more accomplishments than people may generally realize I think however that he was on the defensive, I think the Soviet delegation was on the defensive and they were put there by us I think that that was not anything that happened accidentally Yes, but is that reaching toward a final agreement, an area of agreement between the two major powers? I think so, I think so because I think that what the Soviet leaders, what the Kremlin needs is a show of solid strength on the other side And by strength I don't mean armed might alone, I mean a solid attitude on the part of the rest of the world I think we're getting that, I think we need the United Nations in order to get that I'd just like to mention two points in that connection In the first place, there are a great many small states in the world today Whose existence depends upon having a forum to go into, being able to go to the UN They're worried many of them about the threat from next door Secondly, there is a tremendous economic problem in the world today Two thirds of the people in the world today are under an inadequate diet They are suffering from nutritional diseases The United Nations programs through the World Health Organization, through the Food and Agriculture Organization Are making tremendous contributions in large areas of the world Mr. Ambassador, I then believe that to some of what you've said to our audience tonight You think that in spite of all of our frustrations That the American people should be patient and should And can still fasten hope on the United Nations That it will do something very constructive Thank you very much for being with us tonight, sir The editorial board for this edition of the Lawn Jean Chronoscope was Mr. William Bradford Huey and Mr. Elliott Haynes Our distinguished guest was the Honorable Ernest A. Gross United States Deputy Representative to the United Nations One of the virtues of our free enterprise system is the benefit to the public In better quality and lower prices Which spring from free and open competition Now certainly the stimulus of such competition made it necessary To make Lawn Jean watches ever better and better And it is through free and open competition That Lawn Jean became in fact the world's most honored watch Honored for excellence and elegance by ten World's Fair Grand Prizes And twenty-eight gold medals Honored for accuracy by innumerable prizes and bulletins From the great government observatories Honored for honesty in sports, aviation, exploration and science For superlative quality and true investment value Lawn Jean watches have become the first choice Of discriminating men and women in every country of the free world So if you wish to purchase a very fine watch Either for yourself or as a gift Look for the true worth in the watch you buy And your choice will be Lawn Jean The world's most honored watch Premier product of the Lawn Jean Wittner Watch Company Since 1866 Maker of watches of the highest character This is Frank Knight again Inviting you to join us every Monday, Wednesday and Friday evening At this same time for the Lawn Jean Chronoscope A television journal of the important issues of the hour Broadcast on behalf of Lawn Jean The world's most honored watch And Wittner, distinguished companion to the world's honored Lawn Jean Sold and serviced from coast to coast By more than 4,000 leading jewelers Who proudly display this emblem Agency for Lawn Jean Wittner Watchers This is the CBS television network