 فشرف بل اشتغالي بالعلم ولا تبغي به ما عشت يا دا دا دا لا وياله من شراف عظيم الحمد لله رب العالمين له الحمد الحسن والثناء الجميل وأشد أن لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له يقول الحق وهو يهدي السبيل وأشد أن سيدنا ونبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وأصحابه والتابعين لهم بإحسان إلى يوم الدين أما بعد بإذن الله الكريم today we're going to be starting the explanation of the book الأجرمية أجرمية is a grammar book I will speak a bit about the author in a very summarized abridged manner but the explanation that we're going to be relying on that we're going to make it our عدة is تحفة السنية written by محمد محيدير عبد الحميد this is the sharah and the explanation we're going to rely on it's called تحفة السنية الشرح المقدمة الأجرمية and it is written by محمد محيدير عبد الحميد that's the sharah that we're going to use as you can all see we have a board here so I'm going to be standing up sometimes when I feel that there is a need for us to explain things on the board if I need to go up and stand up and mention points I will be إذن الله الكريم and I'll try my best to make my writing as clear as possible بإذن الله الكريم as you all know and you're all aware of any field that you study the scholars they say that there are 10 points that you have to know they refer to this as مبادئ العشرة which is basically it's like a مقدمة it's an introduction an overview of that particular field that you're going to study so what we need to do is we need to ask ourselves a couple of questions before we go into نهو قرامة such as what's the meaning of قرامة what does نهو actually mean so the first one I wrote is تعريفه what's its definition also موضوعه what does it tackle what's the topics that are in it okay ثماراته what's the benefits of us studying this what benefit do we gain from studying قرامة because there's no point in studying something if you're not going to get a benefit from it نسبته نسبته here means where does it lie in other sciences واضعه who's the person who placed and laid down this science قرامة حكم الشارع فيه what's the ruling of studying قرامة is it obligatory is it recommended what is the ruling of studying قرامة and the scholars they summarize that all in a line three lines of poetry they say إن مبادئ كل فن عشره الحد والموضوع ثم تمراه ونسبة وفضله والواضع ورسمه الاستمداد الحكم الشارع مسائل والبعض بالبعض اكتفا ومن در الجميع حاز الشرفة so they إن شاء الله وطعالا I'm going to بإذن الله الكريم سنذهب to the first one which is the definition of the word نحو have you guys heard that word before نحو so in Arabic they call it نحو what's the definition of the word نحو in the Arabic language in the lexical meaning in the linguistic meaning the word نحو has many meanings one of its meanings is جيها direction جيها for example you will say the have to I went نحو فلانين in the direction of so and so اي جيهته ام جيهته so what do you say you say the have to I went نحو فلانين اي جيهته I went to the direction of so and so that direction that's one meaning that it has in the lexical meaning the second meaning that it has is اشيب اشيب هو والمثل when something resembles something and it looks like something for example you will say محمد نحو علي محمد is like علي اي شيب هو ومثل هو he resembles him so those are the meanings that it means in the language now we've understood what the word نحو so if I asked you now what does نحو mean you will say to me 2 meanings that we've taken what was the first meaning that we took اي ميز and جيهه direction the second meaning that we said it has is called what what's the second meaning that we said it has اشيب هو والمثل when something resembles something it looks like good so those are the 2 now we're going to go into what does it mean according to the grammarians the people of this field of grammar when they use the word نحو what is it that they mean and what's their usage of this word the علماء the scholars of grammar when they use the word نحو they mean by it العلم بالقواعد التي يعرف بها احكام واخير الكلمات العربية في حال تركيبها من الإعراب والبناء وما يتبع ذلك it's principles that the science is what it's علقواعد through those principles so it's principles and within those principles that you're learning and that you're telling you're learning the rulings of the ending of the word in the Arabic language when it's put into a context such as when it's معرب when it's مبني and anything that follows that that's what grammar means that's what نحو means according to grammar so it's principles and through those principles you're learning the rulings of the ending of the word which words the Arabic words when they're put in a context so for example brothers this is a way together so are you learning principles you can memorize the principle for example is فعيل is فعيل is صقائدة المسؤول المسؤول به is صقائدة these principles that you're learning these قواعد that you're learning is when it's the ruling of the ending of the word احكاموا اواخر الكلمات العربية you're learning the ending of the word in other words غراما does not deal with the middle of the word صح it doesn't deal with the middle of the word so the word the grammar is don't look at the yet and they don't look at the that's not their focus point what they focus on is at the ending the sign that's on it that's their focus point when though when زيد is by itself somewhere and it's not in a context they only speak about the word when it is what when it's in a context when it's in a sentence when it's in a context there's something before it and there's something after it pay attention to that because زيد what just happened to the right now what just happened it's وقف I can't say anything after that so because it's وقف you haven't placed a sign of the ending of the word but if I say زيد are we all together the minute I put the word زيد came now the grammar will come and they will intervene they would want to know what's زيد what's زيد ruling right now what's the ruling of زيد right now are we all together pay attention and then he gives you the grammar from إعراب when it's in إعراب the signs that it has and بينا when it's مبلي the grammar is they deal with those two إعراب and بينا now you don't know what they mean you shouldn't be busy yourself to find out what they mean because we're going to come to what إعراب means and we're going to come to what بينا means good so that's the definition of نحو we've defined what نحو means we're now going to move on to the next part which is الموضوع okay it means what does this topic deal with نحو it deals with الكلمات العربية it deals with the Arabic words it doesn't deal with English it doesn't deal with French it doesn't deal with Urdu it doesn't deal with Somali it deals with the Arabic words that's what it does that's the underlining thing that it discusses all day all day you're studying كلمات العربية كلمات العربية and you're researching that and you're researching its situation and its ins and its outs that's what you're learning the next point that we're looking at which is موضوع then the second one is الثامرة الثامرة means what the benefits and the outcome and this is something I really have to I really have to get some light on which is if you're studying a science and that science that you're studying and that you're learning you're not getting from it and you're not attaining from that science any benefit then it's a waste of time and it is not a science any science that does not bring about any benefit for you it's not a knowledge وتعالى love's and he's pleased with it. أبل رجب mentions that in his كتاب فضل علم السلف يعالى علم الخلف. ألمام مشرفعي we said I looked at all of knowledge. ألمام مشرفعي said this. شرفعي said I looked at all of knowledge. I've observed each one. not that he said he studied all of it. but he looked at every science there is out there. And he said I realized that two sciences are the best. طب العبداني medicine and the second one is طب النفس the spiritual and the physical medicine. طب العبداني the one he means by the physical he means the actual medicine that people study. And the second one is طب النفس means what? الكتاب والسنة وبما عليه سلف الأمة. The Quran and the sunnah which the pious predecessors were upon. And he said I looked at both of them again. And he said I realized that the طب النفس is better than even the طب العبدان. Because the benefits of this world and the hereafter are connected to this. So after the شريعة what's the best science? After we leave the شريعة and the knowledge of the شريعة. We'll say medicine is the best knowledge. Medicine is the best. And a person studies. So there has to be a benefit in a science that you're learning. Sometimes you see a sister going to university. She's taking a student loan and she's learning what? Art or a brother. He's learning art in university. Really. So some people are learning things that are very very very pathetic. They go to uni and they're learning what? Drama. For three years this is what you're going to be doing. You're going to be taking this amount of money. You're going to the river. All of this. For what? So the science and the knowledge which you're learning has to have طبرة. طبرة means food and the outcome that you need to attain from it. It's important. That's what the علامة always talk about. Before you study a subject to entice you. To allow you to come into that science properly. They'll tell you the طبرة and the benefits that are in it. What's the benefit in studying a grammar? The benefit is صيانة اللي سالة عن الخطأ في الكلام العربي. You protect your tongue from the mistakes that may occur from somebody while they are trying to speak in the Arabic language. You will not say mistakes and incorrect statements in the Arabic language. Once you study a grammar, your speech إن شاء الله تعالى will be correct. You will know when to place a فتحة على كسرة على ضم ما. You will know. So you won't get it wrong. And this is very important because the Qur'an is in what language? It's in the Arabic language. And the Qur'an goes according to the Arabic grammar. The Qur'an goes in accordance to the what? The Arabic? It goes in accordance to the Arabic grammar. So if a person doesn't know the Arabic grammar and has no knowledge or understanding of it. He will most likely read the Qur'an incorrectly. And he doesn't know who he prohibited from those who don't know the language properly and are not good in the grammar. He prohibited them from what? From teaching the Qur'an or even leading the people. Or not prohibited them from it. Because there's ayat in the Qur'an that the signs have been changed and the meaning will change with it. For example, if you get wrong إنما يخش الله من عباده العلماء. If you say إنما يخش الله من عباده العلماء. You're now saying Allah fears the scholars. Where it should have been what? The scholars are the ones who are most fearing of Allah سبحانه وتعالى. But just by changing a fatah to a dhamma. You've changed the whole meaning of the verse. And you've given it a whole different meaning. And that mistake here is actually a mistake that has changed the meaning into a severe meaning. A very problematic. عقدي. عقيدا related problem. That you've now given the attributes of the creation to the Creator. And you've given the attributes of the creation to the Creator. Are you with me brothers and sisters? So it's important. And also the علماء mention even زينو دين العراقي. Who brings it in his الفية. And many have also brought it in the books of مصطلح الحديث. That the person who reads the Hadith of the Prophet ﷺ. And he reads it wrong. Because he grammatically doesn't know the Arabic language very well. So he reads the Arabic of the Hadith of the Prophet ﷺ. And he messes up the Qasr and the Fatah and the dhamma. He messes it all up. This person will fall under the Hadith of the Prophet ﷺ. Anyone who lies about me deliberately. Let him prepare his place in the Hellfire. He will fall under that Hadith. That person will fall under that Hadith. Which person? The one who read a Hadith grammatically wrong. Why? Why would he fall under that Hadith? The reason why he will fall under that Hadith is because. What you're saying is that the Prophet ﷺ was ignorant in the grammar just like how I am. And that the Prophet ﷺ said it just like how I am saying it. And you're saying about him that which he didn't say. The Prophet ﷺ didn't do the Qasr and the Fatah mistakes like this. So it's very dangerous. Very very dangerous. So a person needs to learn the Arabic grammar. وفهم القرآن الكريم والحديث النبوي صحفهم صحيحة. Also understanding the Qur'an. And also understanding the prophetic tradition. The Hadith of the Prophet ﷺ. If you want to understand it properly. You will need to know grammar. You will need to. And these are what brothers. The Qur'an and the Sunnah are what to us. اللذي ليهما أصو الشريعة الإسلامية وعليهما مداروها. And the whole religion revolves around the Kitab and the Sunnah. And they are both in the Arabic language. And I say this to the brothers all the time. And I say to those who I see Arabic language is not the language of the Arabs. It's the language of every Muslim. When somebody asks you and says to you what's your first language. Your first language is Arabic. Because the Arabic language is what the Qur'an came down. The Arabic language has become the language of every Muslim. Wherever he is from the world. You need to understand that. Now we're going to move on to the next one. Which is نسبة الهو. نسبة الهو. نسبة الهو here is what? Where does this science fall? Grammar where would you find it? Grammar falls under علوم العربية. It falls under one of the 12 sciences that are studied in the Arabic language. The Arabic language when you want to study it. There are 12 sciences that you have to study to learn the Arabic language. One of the 12 is Arabic grammar. There's morphology. There's Arabic literature. There's poetry. There is a ... There's بلاضة الهو. Which is categorized into 3. There's روض القوافي. There is صرف. There is أدب. أدب الوغة. All of these are one of the 12 sciences of the Arabic language. And grammar is one of them. هذا ما يجد فيه. هذا الشاب that you will throw grammar in. So it will fall under the heading of what? The Arabic sciences. The Arabic sciences. The Arabic sciences. Grammar will fall under there. There are 12 sciences. And grammar is one of them. Rather, the Arabic grammar is the greatest and the highest ranked in Arabic. It's the highest ranked. From those 12 sciences that fall under the science of Arabic, the greatest of them and the highest of them is which one? نحو. Grammar is. You need to know that. Now we're going to move on to the وضعه. وضعه means who is a person who plays this science. Who put this science together. Okay. What is famous and well known that the first person who put this science grammar together is none other than أبو أسود الدوألي. أبو أسود الدوألي ورحمه الله. And they say he did this with the command of who? عليب عبيطالبن. That عليب عبيطالبن commanded him specifically to write grammar. When Ali saw that the people were doing mistakes, he told him not. He told him to write grammar. Now pay attention here because this is very important information here. The name of the word نحو it was said that it came even from عليب عبيطالبن. The word نحو. Grammar. That word نحو. They said he was the one who used that word. How did he use it? What he did was عليب عبيطالبن. He told أبو أسود الدوألي. He told أبو أسود الدوألي. He said right that the speech is categorized into three. اسم فعل حرف. He said right that it's categorized into three. And then when he showed him the way to start and gave him an idea, Ali said to him after that and tread on that path. Meaning ونحي على هذا النحو. على هذا النحو means go towards that direction. So he used that word for him نحو. And that term got taken from Ali's mouth. And it became the name for this particular science. We're going to mention the last type of the مبادي العشرة which is حقب الشارع فيه. What's the ruling of studying grammar? Is it obligatory? Is it voluntary? Is it disliked? Is it حرام? The ruling in studying grammar is that it is فرب من فرود الكفاية. That it is a communal obligation. It's a communal obligation. A communal obligation means that within the community there have to be people who study it. So when there's two types of obligation, right? There's that individual obligation and there's that communal obligation. The individual obligation means that every single individual has to do it independently. And they have to do it. You need to pray ذور. You need to pray عصر. You need to pray مغرب. You need to pray عشرة. You need to pray فجر. No one can pray for you. But صلاة الجنازة on the other hand is a communal obligation. Meaning as long as there is a group of people who are praying, you don't have to pray. But if everybody leaves praying صلاة الجنازة, you're all sinners. Are we all together? So grammar is a communal obligation. It's a what? It's a communal obligation. Meaning there has to be a group of people who study it. We've now finished the مبادل عشرة some of them we've mentioned. We've mentioned six that we wanted to know from it. Who's the author of this particular book? This Kitab that we have which is أل جربية that we always talk about and you see on billboards and it's being pushed. Who is the author of this book? The author of this book and the مصنف is أبو عبد الله محمد ابنو محمد ابنو داود أصن هاجييو His name is again أبو عبد الله that's his Kunya. His name is محمد and his father's name is محمد. His granddad's name is داود and he's from the لينج أصن هاجييي. And he's very well known as ببنو عجر روم. He's very well known as ببنو عجر روم. عجر روم is what is known is what is known very well as. He was born when the year was إثنتيني وسبعينة وستمئة 672 672 and he died ثلاثم وعشرينة وسبعمائة من الهجرة النبوية 723 he died. He died 723 رحمه الله تعالى The scholars they say not much is known about him not much is known about him. He's a very he's from those scholars we can say whose biography is unknown. There are many scholars like that whose books and their works have become مقبول لدن نس accepted by the people but they the authors are not known. And this is the ثمارة وإخلاص that they truly just wanted the people to benefit from the knowledge and the good. They didn't really want anything to be attributed to them and they didn't want people to know who they were. It was said about Imam Shafi'u that he said the same. He said I wish that the people attain and gain knowledge but nothing was attributed to me. Nothing is attributed to me Shafi'u. So they said they really really love the idea of people benefiting and taking beneficial knowledge but this the harm that comes with it which is fame and is something they didn't like. So he رحمه الله not much is known about him. We're now going to start the book إن شاء الله وتعالى The author رحمه الله he says الكلامه هو لفضه المركب المفيد الملوضعي The author started by talking about الكلام الكلام في العربية لانج is what? Speech he says الكلامه Speech is The word كلام I'm going to go more in details this lesson إن شاء الله وتعالى As I said when we rely on a shalah by Muhammad Muhriدي and Abdul Hamid The word كلام it has two meanings One is a linguistic and a lexical meaning And the second one is what? A technical meaning And when we say lexical meaning we mean according to the Arabic language And the second one is that the word كلام has a what? It has a It has a what? It has a definition according to the grammarians So the first one is in accordance to the Arabic language And the second one is according to the grammar the grammarians