 Insulin-like growth factor signalling, IIS, is a major regulator of aging in many organisms. In this study, researchers examined the effects of lowered IIS on the lifespans of various tissues in fruit flies. They found that lowered IIS caused changes in protein levels in several tissues, including the fat body, gut, and muscle. These changes were associated with decreased translation in the fat body and increased respiration in the gut, both of which are necessary for extending lifespan. Additionally, they found that increasing the activity of a particular proteasimal subunit in the gut was enough to extend lifespan by itself. This suggests that lowered IIS may be able to extend lifespan through multiple pathways. This article was authored by Lukestine, Robert Selka, Chirag Jain, and others.