 This study found that rural residents are more likely than urban residents to be vulnerable to healthcare-related issues due to lower levels of social health protection. Additionally, education, income, and direct healthcare costs all play a significant role in determining whether or not individuals can take advantage of public social healthcare protection schemes. In order to improve fair access to quality healthcare, it is important to reduce the cost of healthcare, as well as increase investments in the health sector. This article was authored by Felicia Andrew Kittolay, Robert Michael Lihawa, and Eliza Macuna.