 Lithium metal has long been seen as a promising anode material for batteries due to its low redox potential and high theoretical capacity. However, it has not been widely used due to safety concerns and limited energy density. Recent advances in technology have allowed for the development of new strategies to address these issues, such as dendrite suppression, dead lithium prevention, corrosion control, and volume expansion management. These strategies have improved the performance of lithium-based batteries, but there remain several challenges that need to be addressed before widespread adoption can occur. This article was authored by Qingyu Wang, Bin Lu, Yuan Haoshan, and others.