 Hello everyone, Myshell, Mr. Shivapai M. Maitgar, I am working as a student professor in computer science and engineering department at Valshan Institute of Technology, Solapur. The I welcome to the session on Network Hardware. The last video we have discussed about the uses of computer network, learning outcome. At the end of this session, students will be able to describe the concept of computer network hardware and the concept of PAN, LAN, WAN and MAN agenda about network hardware, personal area network, local area network, metropolitan area network, wide area network. These are the points I am going to cover in this video about network hardware, broadcast links and the point to point links. Broadcast link, broadcast simultaneous transmission of the same access to multiple recipient design. Broadcast if one user want to transmit the data to simultaneously more than two users, then that time they can use the concept of broadcast. Point to point, connect individual pairs of machines. It means one to one communication, we have to use the point to point concept. Unicasting, transmission with exactly one sender and one receiver is an inocasting point. Multicasting, single sender and multiple receivers on a network. For example, in one LAN connection only one server is there, multiple clients are connected to that LAN server. It means all the clients can get the data from the single server that is multicasting that is single sender and multiple receivers on a network. How many systems are get connected to that particular server? All the connected devices can get the information from the single server that is multicasting about network hardware. So, inter-processor, this is our distances, processor located in same. These are the examples. One meter that is a square meter that is an the example is in pan that is personal area network. The distance is in 10 meter, the processor is in room, it can be used in a room and then 100 meter building 1 kilometer campus. These three can be used in a local area network. 10 kilometer it can be used in city that is metropolitan area network. 10 kilometer, so 100 kilometer country and then 1000 kilometer continent it can be used in wide area network. 10,000 kilometer planet and then continent we have to use that is internet. This is in classification of interconnected processors by scale. First one is personal area network. These pan devices communicate over the range of person. If here in the pan devices limited area we have to use and then limited distances we have to cover by using the pan. The Bluetooth to connect these component without wires. If the pan connected devices is there in one places then it can covers that limited area. Then that limited if any one person can come to that area there is no need to use any cables then automatically it will get connected to that particular devices. Devices Bluetooth it means then when it there is no need to cables automatically it will get connected if that person is entered in that particular area that is pan. Pan can also built in in RFID on smart cards and library books to get the information. So, pan here is a example Bluetooth pan configuration. This is a one device these are another devices that is monitor key mouse keyboard and see if you these devices can be connected to this monitor if all the devices are there in a particular range whatever the range it may be. Local area network the group of computers connected within a building within a campus are in a home that we can call it as a local area network. It can covers the one home or city home or building or office. Lands have a higher data rate as compared to VAN that is 100 mbps to 40 gbps we have to compare that is VAN. Land do not have do not involves these lines cabling and equipment belong to the land owner. Okay corresponding to lower two layers of OSI reference OSI model but mostly land do not follow OSI model that is here. This is an wireless and this is a wire in a wireless the access point is there these are the devices get connected to this access point without using any cables these are laptops it is get connected to this access point if some other devices want to connect through wired means they can use this device that is the part that is two wired network. Okay here is Ethernet switch is there this is a Ethernet switch can contains different ports and then how many ports are there that many devices can be connected by using some cable that cable is an Ethernet cable if these are the ports get connected to that particular respective devices. Maybe if the user want to get connect some other devices means they have kept these port for remaining that is to rest of network this is wireless and wired lines. Ethernet that is IEEE 802.3 it is an most common type of wired line it can be used in a land to give the connection. Okay some sample topology for of switched Ethernet is in play standard it is also possible to divide one large physical line into two smaller logical lines. Okay both wires wireless and wired broadcast network can be divided into static and dynamic designs. Metropolitan area network this man covers city for example if the user want to distribute the television network then that time they can use a concept of man that is a cable television network. Okay high speed network has been standardized as 802 IEEE 802.616 and isn't popularly known as YMAX. A man uses distributed queue dwell bus and range within 100 kilometer of inner city that is man. Okay this is a simple example one diagram is antenna this user want to distribute television network to all the users are there in a city. These are the different offices or home it is there in a single city these offices or homes are get connected to that head office this one is get connected to the antenna this antenna can distribute the data to all the devices it can this antenna can covers the city. Okay that is the metropolitan area network on cable TV. Next this is a question answer section think and write it can contain one question what are the advantages and disadvantages of man. Now pass the video and answer the above question the answer for the above question is advantages it provides a good backbone for a large network and provides greater access to vans. The dwell bus used in man helps the transmission of data in both directions simultaneously. Okay a man usually encompasses several blocks of a city or an entire city. Disadvantages are more cable required for man connection from one place to another place. It is difficult to make the system secure from the hacker these are the advantages and disadvantages of man industrial equipment or graphical reasons also. Okay van it provides a longer distances transmission of data like vice image video audio these users if users want to transmit this data in that time it can use the van concept. Okay information over a large geographical area its range is beyond 100 kilometer. This is an sample diagram the satellite communication is there cellular connection is there and then here international offices are there and then mobile employees there and then some other places are there. By using wide array network concept all these devices can get the information that information may be the vice image video audio whatever it may be. They can get the information without using any media wider wired connection. Okay that is wide area network. Okay difference between land man van. Okay expands the local area network metropolitan area network wide area network range is an communication network links a number of stations same local area range is 1 to 10 kilometer here is 100 kilometer and then range is beyond 100 kilometer. Okay media use guided media here in guided media as well as unguided here we have to use unguided media. Then speed is in high speed that is the 100 kbps to 1000 so 100 mbps then optimized for a large geographical area than land. Longer distances long distance communication. Okay cost land is in cheaper it is a man is in costly and then expensive equipment NIC switch and hub we have to use and then in a man we have to use modemine router and then van we have to use microwave radio infrared laser. Okay these are the references I use for preparing the above ppt. Thank you.