 Welcome all to this session on building a path to net zero aviation in association with the world economic forum clean skies for tomorrow initiative. This is a two part session with a public live stream. That's what we're doing right now, followed by a second half, which is a private session for forum members and partners to have the opportunity to interact directly with the panelists. I want to take you on my journey. I've been lucky enough to work with the development of sustainable aviation fuels throughout my career. In fact, I started working on sustainable aviation fuels. When people said there was no way that we would ever be able to fly a commercial plane on a drop in replacement bio derived or alternative derived fuel. And here we are 15 years later, there are seven certified drop in sustainable aviation fuel pathways, and we've completed more than 300,000 commercial flights. While that seems like a drop in the bucket, the reality is it's no longer a question of if we can do this, but rather how quickly we can do it how quickly can we come to the point where sustainable aviation fuels are on every plane that we get on. And to achieve this, we're going to need tremendous collaboration because as you know, our climate emergency dictates that we need to do this faster and faster. So we need collaboration like the World Economic Forum, Clean Skies for Tomorrow, Ayata and the Jet Zero Council, as well as all the businesses and governments and the airlines that are represented here today. What I'm most excited about is to see this tremendous interest in what we call scope three emissions, which is basically bringing in all the brands and the large businesses to the table. Over the course of this session, we will focus on challenges and priorities across the aviation value chain, trying to drive this energy transition and highlighting the commitments that will be necessary to create an equitable path forward for a net zero aviation. So with that, let me introduce the wonderful lineup that we have today. We have Dr. Fang Lu, the Secretary General of the International Civil Aviation Organization. Mr. Dick Benchop, Chief Executive Officer of the Royal Shipple Group. Ms. Gracia Vitadeni, Chief Technology Officer of Airbus and the Right Honorable Grant Shaps, Secretary of State for Transport, Department for Transport of the United Kingdom joining us today. So if I may, what I'd like to do is, in the order that I've just presented them, ask each of our presenters to spend a couple of minutes giving us their perspective on what we are doing now. Let me start with Dr. Fang Lu, please. Thank you, Jennifer, for our wonderful introduction. I will start with quote the UN Secretary General Gutierrez in his recent statement. He's saying, build a sustainable system driven by renewable energy, green jobs, and a reliable future. As I feel Secretary General, I'm greatly encouraged that governments and the air transport industry have both the motivation and the opportunity to answer that call. As you rightly said, this journey needs everyone's participation. And during the recent events are organized by a kill in the areas of innovation and environment stakeholders from around the world arrive with strong commitments, ambitious road maps, and dozens of exciting new climate solutions. Tremendous innovations in hybrid, electric, and hydrogen proportion were discussed. Recent, exponent advances in battery energy density and increased the sustainable aviation fuels deployment were appreciated. And the common core was heard on the need to accelerate the pace at which we identify, assess, and regulate these advances to the benefit of all. Today's innovations, however, represent some very significant aviation paradigm shifts. And they are also heavily relying on new investments, incentives, and partnerships being attracted and realized. As you know, Achilles United Nations Specialized Agency and setting international standards for aviation and assist the MMSD to implement these standards. And we already established COSIA international standards for aviation and working on the other guidance and materials for implementation. And we are very happy that the COSIA standards has been started for implementation as of January 1st of this year, and according to our regulations and also our assembly resolutions. So, Achilles is where many of these participants happen and we will continue to drive progress in all areas of aviation sustainability. We will also work to help enable and not stiff the paradigm shifts now anyway, while ensuring throughout this coming evolution that our sector's overall sustainability is appreciated based on the many social environment and economic factors which compress it, but not only based on annual emissions. Thank you. Thank you, Dr. Dew for your remarks. I would like to now proceed to Mr. Dick Ben-Shaw, please. Thank you very much, Jennifer. And thanks for inviting me to participate in this conversation. Perhaps strange because aviation is in the deepest crisis of its existence, but I want to highlight at the start of the discussion three positive developments I see around sustainability. The first one is around commitments, which is like the starting point. And I see that the aviation sector, the airports or the airlines are now really coming together around the commitment towards net zero aviation in 2050. So in line with the Paris Agreement. And I think those are important steps. Secondly, if you think about the first 10 years towards 2030, there's a heavy burden on the introduction, the scaling up of sustainable aviation fuels. And it's good to see that we are now getting beyond the first pilots that really factories, plants are being built and developed, whether it's in Singapore or in the UK or in the Netherlands, which will be at full scale and using various technologies but getting those sustainable aviation fuels towards the market. And it's positive as well. I believe that we see all kinds of fuel players acting in this space. So it's not just companies like yourselves, Jennifer and Sky Energy and other dedicated companies, but you see the big fuel players moving into this area as well. DP, Shell, Uniper, Nestay and others. So there's now serious investments on the table to get us beyond this phase of demonstration projects. And the third element and at least it's taking shape in Europe and I hope that will be an example elsewhere is that to get to scale to get further than even the first set of plants. You need really policies in place and regulation in place to solve the chicken and egg issue between supply and demand. And Europe is now on the verge of announcing its refuel aviation initiative as I believe it's called, which will introduce a blending mandate for sustainable aviation fuels. And that would be an enormous step forward. And I think it would be an enormous investment to further investment by the private sector. So there's a lot still to be done and I'm happy to talk about that as well. But I would like to kick us off with those three positive developments around commitment, around private investment and around public policy on sustainable aviation fuels that is getting started now. Thank you, Dick. It's amazing how important your role and that of airports has been. You've been one of the leaders from the beginning and so we thank you for being here and for your remarks. I would like now to turn to Ms. Bitadini, who will go ahead and give us her viewpoints on this topic. Thank you very much, Jennifer. Yes, it's a great pleasure to be among all of you and really a honor to be back at Davos or be it in 2D this time. Allow me a moment of nostalgia. It was just last January. I participated in a West session on Clean Skies of Tomorrow. And during this session, we were discussing about the challenge of balancing our commitment to developing sustainable technologies to decarbonize air travel with the growing passenger and aircraft demand at the time. Well, these days the question I get asked most highlights are quite different paradox. So is aviation still committed to net zero or will it focus rather on recovering profitability first? Well, let me be crystal clear. This is a false choice. We have accelerated our ambition to fly carbon neutral into a really tangible plan to bring a zero emission aircraft to markets by 2035. But while we recognize that developing a climate neutral aircraft is maybe the most direct contribution that we can bring as a manufacturer. Well, the challenge of climate change goes well beyond one single entity. And this week we've seen leaders such as President von der Leyen, Chancellor Merkel, President Moon Jae-in reiterate that multi-lateralism and cross-industry unity is the common denominator to stimulating a really sustainable and long-term recovery. And to this extent, I'm really pleased to see at least some beacons of optimism. We've seen the 13 airlines of one world coming together to pledge net zero carbon emissions by 2050 and the SAF partnership on sustainable aviation fuels between Microsoft and Alaska Airlines. We clearly have the right level of ambition in my view and science-driven targets. Now we need to progress on the regulatory frameworks on public policy support and on robust and safe technology pathways to get us there. So I do applaud the World Economic Forum for reorienting all industries towards our collective goal. And I certainly do look forward to our discussion. Thank you. Thank you, Gracia. I really appreciate your remarks, especially a view that false choices are the wrong way to think about things. We're way smarter than false choices, and I appreciate your comments on that. Next, I would like to call on the right Honorable Grant Shaps to give us his views and perspectives. Jennifer, thanks very much and good afternoon to everyone. I have to say it's a real pleasure to be invited to join you today. I wish it was in happier times. I wish it was in happier times for aviation in particular. I think as we approach the first anniversary of the COVID outbreak, there's no doubt that the pandemic has hit this industry harder than probably any other. And like many governments, we've been working flat out throughout 2020 and now into 2021 as well to work out how to support the airline and airport sector. But it's been an incredibly tough year. But I think now finally, with vaccinations taking place at an increasing pace, we're up to 7 million in the UK. We're vaccinating at over 2 million a week. We now see a route to the recovery. And our economic plan is to, as the saying goes, to build back better. Absolutely fundamental to that plan is to decarbonize in aviation, making flights cleaner and greener so the sector can grow in a sustainable and resilient way. And as others have said, it's a process that had already started well before coronavirus. But I consider it to be more important than ever as we come out, but we pursue it even more actively. So the UK was the first major economy in the world to set a legally binding target to get to net zero by 2050. That means net zero in all carbon emissions and it means we need to sort out aviation. And within the aviation sector, we've launched what we've called the Jet Zero Council. And of course, governments can't tackle the issue alone. And that's why we're working really closely with industry. Last summer, I co-chaired the first meeting and then continued since then of the Jet Zero Council. And that's with leaders from government, from aviation, from aerospace, and of course from academia. And our single overriding goal is to make net zero a possibility in aviation and to do so well before 2050. But even more importantly, a collaboration, as Grazia and others have said, is going to be required to work if we're going to make this happen. And that means working at a global level to decarbonise the sector. And that's why we're now working through IKO to set global net zero long-term goals and standards for aviation emissions. And that's why I'm looking forward to our hosting COP26 in the UK in Glasgow in nine months time. And we want to use COP26 to help accelerate the transition to cleaner aviation. So we're going to be working with the World Economic Forum, with other states to develop new policy tools, which will help drive the deployment of sustainable aviation fuels. And for the summit itself, we're seeking to arrange revision for sustainable aviation fuels for delegates at key UK airports. And we're going to be encouraging others to do the same across the world. So Jennifer, I'm absolutely delighted to be here at this event. Thank you very much. And I'm really looking forward to our discussion. Thank you so much. The emphasis on collaboration, especially as you said, the stage for the master collaboration of COP26 really is a clear path forward. So thank you very much for your remarks. I'm going to now go through and provide some questions to the panelists. And I'm going to start by asking, Dick, which public policies do you see as being important in driving aviation and creating a sustainable transition? And if there was a framework or other policies that you'd like to see set forth and prioritize, we'd like to hear your views on that as well. Yeah, thank you very much. And I think it's a key question because we have to get policies right and regulation right in order to provide the right incentives to get investment going. And then we are going to make the transition indeed. And I'm positive about certain planks of it that are coming into place. For example, the focus now on sustainable aviation fuel, the European mandate to be developed indeed. But at the same time, you see that there's still what I would say almost a bit of a scattergun approach to policy as far as aviation and sustainability is concerned. You see a lot of things that are being done and are being tried, but not really effective at the moment. And we need to focus. And there's really two areas to focus or three areas to focus on, of course. One is general emission trading emission pricing schemes like that that help to to get the right incentives that both to to the sector as well as to consumers. Secondly, then then take a tackling the real big issue of the aviation fuels through mandates. And then thirdly, how to support research and development into new propulsion as well in this age of electric flying or hydrogen flying that will that will come. But we see a lot of other attempts or a lot of other discussions as well, aviation tech, Texas, ticket, Texas, which are not really helpful because yes, they had cost, but they don't drive greening and they don't drive sustainability. And for that sector, which is indeed in its biggest crisis and as one of the hardest hit sectors, we have to be very focused. Yes, we are going to add cost because sustainability will have it cost, it will have enormous benefits as well, but it will have cost investments have to take place. And in order to do that, we have to focus on those measures on those policies that drive the right incentives that drive the right investments. And in a way, there's not enough international coordination in this sense. And there's strengths of policymaking, especially around taxation, which do not drivers in the right direction, which are a distraction. And it's almost it feels like we are not serious enough then in terms of tackling this this big issue. So let's focus and take the right measures and not get diverted as we are currently to a too large extent. Thank you, Dick. Really appreciate your remarks. And actually that leads me directly then to a question for Dr. Liu. You talk about cost and pricing and the importance of thinking about costs differently. And I think IKEA has been thinking about this for quite a long time and trying to set a forward view. Can you talk a little bit about policies and how to ensure we pay more for sustainability, but that we appreciate and understand that that is what needs to happen. Can you can you share IKEA perspective on that? Like everyone knows, this COVID-19 is great challenging for the vision sector, but also provide enormous opportunity as well for our sector to build back better in terms of green aviation and also to meet our aspiration goals, which are under discussion by 2050 zero net emission. So as you can see, the airlines already started to think about and also some of them already take action to require some fuel in extensive aircrafts and to purchase a greener and more efficient and fuel efficient aircraft to modernize that fleet. That is one of the this kind of the majors. And then also more important is government and also private sector as well should work together like W.E.F., one of these kind of opportunity to have the public sector and the private sector to work together to develop the common path to move further. And then from actual side, as you already know, we are now in the process to develop to developing our framework leading to the 25th aspiration goal framework, which will be considered in 2022. And starting from this year and the next year, there are numbers of this kind of webinars and also seminars and the full all the stakeholders to come over to share that as a practice and share their innovative solutions are in order for our sector to move further. And one of the most important thing I want to emphasize that aviation is a global business. We have a global network. We need the global solutions. That is, through RTO, we view this global solution, which can help to address this issue by joining the efforts across the world, which can benefit to everyone. And then not only I would also emphasize, not only government and also companies. I think individual, you also play important role. Individual is also the passenger base for airlines. And let's say, if you are going to travel to one destination, there is options for you to take. Either you take a big aircraft to the business airport and with more emissions. But there is another option. There is electrical and a small airport aircraft and to the local airports, and then with less emission. So also passenger can make a choice, which also can help the airlines and manufacturers and also government to work for this common objective. Thank you. Thank you, Dr. Liu. And that actually gives us a perfect opportunity to go to Gracia, who can maybe tell us a little bit about what the OEMs are doing. We talk about hydrogen. We talk about SAF. We talk about electric vehicles. How do these things come together in creating a more sustainable path to net zero? Yes, Jennifer. I think it's important to underline, first of all, that already well before the crisis, it was a widely accepted view that preserving our climate and environment is the indispensable foundation upon which to build the longer term future. Both ecologically and economically, societally and politically. And we did see early and quite veritable signs of this when the EU declared a climate emergency and outlined very ambitious plans for a European Green Deal. We heard Larry Fink announcing plans to make sustainability his new global investment standard. And I mean, last year at the West, the climate protection movement did very positively dominate the agenda. So based on these signals, one could say that the pandemic has increased global understanding of how dependent we are on our environment. And it's become quite clear that any significant industry recovery and profit in the years to come will depend on ambitious climate protection plans in parallel. And again, from the Airbus perspective, we have accelerated our decarbonization ambition into a tangible plan to bring a zero emission aircraft to market by 2035. We've rolled out zero year three aircraft concept all relying on hydrogen as primary power source, exploring different technology pathways, different architectures. And this is really a crucial element of how we plan to contribute to the decarbonization of our industry. That being said, another key implication for the industry, especially Europe, is finding a balanced way forward for alternative fuels and solutions. And in this respect, I see absolutely three priorities. First of all, the need to boost production and uptake of sustainable aviation fuels. And to do that, we're going to need a dedicated and stable, robust set of policy measures throughout legislation and financing. Six of my industry, CTO Pierce and I signed a letter soliciting IKO's indispensable support and action on SAFs, which really underpins the importance of this joint industrial commitment. We're also working on other SAF initiatives with our colleagues at Safran at Rolls Royce and we're really excited about that. More specifically, I really believe this policy should include prioritization of sustainable fuels for aviation, investing into developing high impact feedstock and conversion technologies and cost effective financing. Because SAF provide a short and long term solution to decarbonizing the sector, while technology in parallel continues to evolve to achieve even more fuel efficient aircraft than today. And it also plays a key role in industry-wide carbon reduction as all existing aircraft can already safely fly on a SAF blend up to 50% with certified that. Second priority, implementing a green stimulus for airlines to enable them retiring old and less environmentally friendly aircraft. You know, replacing a single-ail aircraft can save more than 4,500 tons of CO2 per year. And if you consider a long range aircraft, well that saving goes up to 37,000 tons per year. So really creating the right conditions, the right financing framework to allow airlines to modernize their fleet towards more fuel efficient aircraft is a win-win and it would support absolutely the European green agenda. Third and last point, we need to catalyze an industry collaboration, unlike any we've seen in recent history, really joining forces with all stakeholders across the industry, across the political arena and research institutions. It's absolutely important to note that as with every new technology or innovation rollout, a global transition to zero emission flight requires a total rethink of many elements of our quite intricate aviation ecosystem. You mentioned hydrogen, take hydrogen. We're going to need to see a technical redesign of current aircraft. So engineers will need to take the technologies developed in automotive and space, bringing the weight and the cost down and making really the technology safe and compatible with commercial aircraft operations. And we're going to need to mobilize, of course, airport infrastructure, right? We've started working with several airports, including Sripol and airlines, working on the concept of an airport hydrogen hub. And of course, we're going to need the collaboration from aviation authorities to certify future hydrogen powered aircraft to airworthiness safety standards. Not to mention, of course, government collaboration as a critical piece of the puzzle. And we do welcome in the sense, the support we're receiving from different nations among which France, Germany, the UK and Spain, plus of course European Union to fund R&T in this regard. Thank you, Gressia. I hear a lot about technology, but every single speaker has also mentioned policy. And so nobody better to speak of that than Secretary of State Shaps and how you see policy, public private partnerships, as well as government initiatives like your Jet Zero Council, as we head into COP26, as the most impactful cop ever is what I'm hearing you say. Please go ahead. That's right. I think this really will be the most impactful cop ever because we have a moment in our history where the world is sort of coming together around this policy discussion. And I just was listening to the other speakers that I was I was remembering a time when Al Gore must have just produced his his film and inconvenient truth and we weren't yet in government in the UK. He came to meet the shadow cabinet, as we were at the time. And one of the questions that was thrown to him was, what will happen given that you may well persuade the West to pursue these net zero targets in time. And of course, this is now, you know, a decade and a half ago, really. But what are you going to do because you'll never get China to go along with that. And ironically, China have announced their net zero target before 2060, before the United States of America. So you ask how important policy is a policy is everything in this or certainly a very large chunk can't do it without policy. And I think that's why it's encouraging that really now this moment in time, we have the whole world coming together. And I'm recognizing how important it is for us to reach those zero carbon targets. And America ducked out of this for a little while for the last few years. But it's clearly coming back in a strong way. I know that John Kerry's been given the post of the climate. Envoy for COP26. And so there's a heavy weight approach to dealing with climate starting at a policy level. And my best direct experience about a two-fold. First of all, just in cars and in vehicles. The UK has legislated or set a target for 2030 more than target. It will be legislation to rule out any further sales of petrol or diesel vehicles. So that's in 2030, that's in nine years time. And similarly, we have this, as I mentioned before, legislative target for 2050 to be net zero. And aviation absolutely has to one of the more tricky parts of this. It's much easier with the cars. We already have the technology. It's already there. I drive an electric car. Lots of people will planes are different as has been discussed. But I think that's why things initiatives like the jet zero council can make a big difference. Once again, it brings together the policy, the academics, the industry. All of the kind of the best thinkers and doers in this field and brings them all under one roof. And I think in some ways, only the power of government as a convener can help to do that. And of course, sometimes we can help to a grease the wheels or maybe there's a better sort of jet zero comparison that I can use in order to. I was going to say put rocket boosters under it, but that would be wrong again, you know, to electrify the process and accelerate it up to up to altitude.