 Thalassemia is a genetic disorder that causes anemia and can be fatal if left untreated. Screening for thalassemia has been shown to be cost-effective and reduce the incidence of thalassemia major cases. This study found that screening for thalassemia is more cost-effective than treating thalassemia major patients. This article was authored by Firas Esmailzada, Batola Madi, Sajjad Vahidi, and others.