 Precision medicine is an emerging field of medicine that takes into consideration individual genetic, environmental, therapeutic, and lifestyle differences when treating diseases or providing preventative measures. It is designed to improve the effectiveness and safety of drugs by tailoring treatments to the specific needs of each patient. Historically, weight and gestational age were used as indicators of drug dosage in children, however, recent advancements in understanding the role of genetics and ontogeny in drug efficacy and safety have opened up new opportunities to apply precision medicine to pediatric populations. In order to successfully implement precision medicine in children, researchers must work together with policymakers, advocates, and healthcare providers to ensure that it does not reduce equity in children's healthcare. This article was authored by Abdelbat Ilzagalai, Charlotte Barker, Tamara Lewis, and others.